Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/187

 ARO

(34 2 )

ARR

AROMATIC, Aromaticus, is underflow! of a Drug, Plant, or the like, which yields a brisk, agreeable Smell, and a warm, fpicy Tafte.

Such arc Frankinccnfe, Storax, Bcnjoin, Cinnamon, Mace, Cloves, Nutmeg, Pepper, &c— Such alfo are Lavender, Mar- joram, Sage, Thyme, Rofemary, &c See Spice, &c.

The Word is form'd of the Greek *p«fw6, of a. ?u, to make fit, accomodate ; in regard Spices, which are a\\ Aromatic, are ufed for the feafoning and preparing ot Meats.

Aromaticks, cr Aromatic Medicines, are cither Ample or compound.— To this Clafs belong moft Cardiac, Cephalic, and Carminative Remedies, with many ftomachic ones. See Cardiac, Carminative, Cephalic, Stomachic,

The Aromaticum Rofatum, h a compound officinal Pow- der made of Red Rofes, Liquorice, Aloes Wood, Yellow Sanders, Cinnamon, Cloves, Mace, Gum, Tragacanth, Nutmegs, Cardamums, Galangals, Spikenard, Amber- greafe and Mufk mix'd together.— It is chiefly prefcribed in Cordial and Cephalic Boles and Electuaries, to ftrengthen the Stomach and Head, which all Aromaticks have a Ten- dency to. .

Some Writers give the Tide Aroma Germanicum to Ele- campane, as preferring it, in that Intention, to Ginger itfelf. Sec Elecampane, &c.

Aromaticks are of particular Service in cold cachectic Ha- bits, where the Load of Humours has been forced away by ftrong Detergents and Catharticks 5 as they tend to ftrength- en the Fibres, and prevent a Relapfe.— Hence they become of abfolute Ufe after Purging, and carrying offthe Waters of a Dropfy ; or in the Intervals thereof, to fortify the Springs, and prevent a filling again. See Dropsy.

ARONDE, in Fortification. See Queue d'Aronde.

ARPAGUS, in antient Infcriptions, fignifics a Child who died in the Cradle.

The Romans made no Funerals for their Arpagi.—Thcy neither burnt their Bodies, nor made Tombs, Monuments, or Epitaphs for them ; which occasioned Juvenal to fay,

— Terra claudimr Infans Yel minor igne rogi.

In after-times it became the Cuftom to burn fuch as had lived to the Age of 40 Days, and had cut any Teeth 5 and thefe they called Rapti.

The Word Arpagtts fignifies the fame thing in Greek. Euftathius affures us, it was the Cuftom among the Greeks never to bury their Children either by Night or full Day, but at the firft Appearance of the Morning, which they cal- led, 'WyXpcfA J^7TAyieo.

ARQUEBUSS, or Harquebuss, a large Hand-gun, fomething bigger than our Mufquet ; and called by feme a Caliever. See Harquebuss.

Arquebuss a Croc, is a fort of fmall Fort-Arm, which carries a Ball of about three half Ounces 5 now only ufed in old Cajlile, and fome Garifbns of the French.

The Word is deriv'd from the Italian Arcobufio, or Arco- ablifo, form'd of Arco, a Bow, and Bujio, a Hole ; becaufe of the Touch-Hole of an Arquebufs, which fucceeds to the Ufe -of the Bow among the Antients.

ARRAIGN, or Arrain, in Law, fignifies to fet a Thing in Order, or in its Place. See Arrangement.

Thus, he is faid to Arraign a Writ of Novel Diffeifin, who prepares and fits it for Trial before the Juftices of the Circuit. In this Senfe Littleton fays, the Leffce arraigneth an Afftze of Novel Diffeifin. — To arraign the Affize, is to caufe the Tenant to be called to make the Plaint, and to fet the Caufe in fuch Order, as the Tenant may be forced to anfwer thereto.

A Prifoner is alfo faid to be arraigned, when he is indic- ted and brought forth to his Trial. See Indictment. —

Spelman is of Opinion the Word fhould be written Ar- rtttne, from Arramare, and that from the old French Arra- mir, i.e. Jurare, promittere, Solemniter profiteri. Yet in the Regifter we find no fuch Word as Arramare $ but in all the Writs of Afiize, the Year-Books, &c. it is Arrainavit : The more natural Derivation is from the French Arraifon- •ner, i- e. ad rationem fonere, to call a Man to anfwer in Form of Law ; which, comes from the barbarous Latin Adrationare, i. e. placitare — In which Senfe, to arraign a Criminal, is fonere eum ad rationem.

ARRAIGNMENT, or Arrangement, in Law, the Act of Arraigning, or fetting a Thing in Order. See Ap.-

RAIGNING.

ARRAIATIO ^Peditum, the arraying of Foot Soldiers. See Arraying.

ARRAS-Hangings, a fort of rich Tapcftry, made at Arras in the County of Artois in Flanders. See Tapestry.

ARRANGEMENT, or Rangement, the Difpofition of the Parts of a Whole, in a sertain Order. See Part and Disposition.

The modern Philofophy fhews u. c, that tl»e Diverfity of Colours depends entirely on the Situation and the Arrange- ment of the Parts, which reflect the Light differently; the Diverfity of Tafte and Smells on the different Arrange- ments of the Pores, which render them differently fenfiblcj and the Diverfity of Bodies on the different Arrangement of their Parts. See Body, &c.

The happy Arrangement of Words makes one of the greatell Beauties of Difcourfe. Sec Construction,^.

ARRAY, in Law, the ranking or ordering a Jury or Inqueft of Men impannel'd on any Caufe. See Jury, In- quest, &c.

The Word may be derived either from the obfblctc French Array, Order, or from Raye, a Line. — Hence the Verb, fo Array a ^aunel, Ann. 3 Hen. V. &c. q. d. to let forth the Men empanelled one by another. The Array /hall be quafhed, w. By the Statute, every Array in Affize ought to be made four Days before. — Hence alfo, to chal- lenge the Array ; fee Challenge.

ARRAYERS, Arraiatores, is ufed in fome antient Sta- tutes, for fuch Officers as had care of the Soldiers Armour, and faw them duly accoutred in their Kinds. See Armour, Accoutrements, &c.

Such were the CommiJJloners of Array, appointed by King Charles I. in the Year 1642.

ARREARS, or Arrearages, the Remains of an Ac- count; or a Sum of Money remaining in the Hands of an Accomptant. See Account and Accomptant.

The Word is alio ufed more generally for a Remainder of Rents, or Monies unpaid at the due Time ; whether they Be Rents of a Manor, or any other Thing referved.

1'he Word is derived from the French Arrerages, which is formed from arriere, and that again from retro, behind.

ARREST, in common Law, an Execution of the Com- mand of fome Court, or Officer of Jurtice. — Hence, when a Pcrfon is legally ftopp'd, apprehended, and reftrained of his Liberty, for Debt, Sec. he is faid to be arrefted, or put under an Arreft ; which is the beginning of Imprisonment. See Attachment, Imprisonment, and Hautelode.

To move or plead in Arrefl of Judgment, is to fhew Caufe why Judgment fhould be ftay'd, tho' there be a Ver- dict, in the Caufe. See Judgment and Verdict.

To plead in Arrejl of taking the Inqueft, is to Ihew Caufe why an Inqueft ihould not be taken. See Inquest.

The Word Arrefi, is originally French, and is ufed by them for a Decree, or Determination of a Caufe debated to and fro : In which Senfe it feems deriv'd from the Greek ctpsroc. placitttm, the Pleafure of the Court. See Arret.

ARRENTATION, Arrendare, in the Foreft Law, the Licenfing an Owner of Lands in the Foreft, to enclofe them with a low Hedge and fmall Ditch, in confideration of a yearly Rent. See Forest, Purlieu, &c.

Saving the Arrentations, denotes a Power referved to give fuch Licenfes for a yearly Rent.

ARRESTANDIS Bonis ne diffipentur, a Writ which. lies for him whofe Cattle or Goods are taken by another, who, during the Controverfy, makes, or is like to make them away, and will hardly be able to give Satisfaction for them afterwards.

ARRESTANDO ipfum, qui pecuniam reccpit ad profi- cifcendum in Ohfequium Regis, &c. is a Writ which lies for the Apprehension of him that hath taken Preft-Money for the King's Wars, and hides himfelf when he fhould go. See V&T.ST- Money.

ARRESTO faEto j'uper bonis Mercatorum Alienigeno- rum, &c. is a Writ which lies for a Denizen againft the Goods of Strangers of another Country found within this Kingdom, in Recorn pence of Goods taken from him in that Country, after he hath been denied Reftitution there. See Mark.

This among the antient Civilians, was called Clarigatio y now barbaroufly Reprifalia. See Clarig atio and Repri- sal.

ARRETED, Arrectatus, is fometimes ufed in our antient Law-Books, for imputed, or laid to $ as, No Folly may be arreted to one under Age.

ARRHABONAR1I, a Sect -in Religion, who held that the Eucharift is neither the real Flefli and Blood of Chrift, nor yet the Sign of them, but only the Pledge or Earneft thereof.

The Word is derived from the Greek 'Appa£W, Arrha, Earneft.

ARRHA, Arrhes, or Argent um 2) ei. SccEarnest, Sic.

ARRHEPHORIA, a Fcaft among the Athenians, in- ftituted in Honour of Minerva. — Boys, or, as fome fay, Girls, between 7 and .12 Years of Age, were the Minifters that affifted at this Feaft. See Feast.

The Word is derived from the Greek 'Afpn?jpja., which is compofed ofstjfiiTOf, Myftery, and pip«, I carry. — This Feaft was alfo called Uerfiphoria, from llerfe the Daugh- ter oiCtcrops, on whofe account it was eftabliili'd.

ARRIERE,