Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/153

 ANT

( US )

ANU

AntiStrofiit-, is alfo ufed in Lyric Poetry, in refpect. of ah Ode, which is ufually divided into the Strophe % An,- tijlrophe and Epode. See Ode.

The Antifirophe is a kind of Eccho, of Replication to the $trojpfte$ and the Epode 1 launching out from them both. See Strophe and Epode.

ANTITACTjE, or Antitactici, in Antiquity, a 3kind of Gnofticks, who own'd that God, the Creator of ihe "Univerfe was good and jufl ; but affcrted withal, that one of his Creatures had created Evil, and had engaged us to follow it, in order to fet us in opposition to God the Crea- tor j and that it becomes our Duty to oppofe this Author of Evil, in order toavenge God of his Enemy. See Gno;

STICKS.

Hence comes their Name ; which is derived from the Greek *r7il«Vj» s I oppofe, I am contrary.

ANT1TENAR, in Anatomy, a Mufcle of the Thumb;

whofe Office is to draw it to the Fingers It rifes from

the Bone of the Metacarpus that fuitains the Fore- finger, and is inferred into thefiril Bone of the Thumb. See Fin- ger.

Antitenar is alfo the Name of a Mufcle of the great Toe ; which arising from the inferior part of the third Os Cuneiform?^ and paffing obliquely, is inferted into the in- iide ot the Ojfa Sejfamo;dca. See Toe.

The Word is compounded of the Greek ctvrf, againft j and 3tea?j as being Antagonist to the lenars. See Tenar.

ANTITHESIS, in Rhctorick, a fctting two things by way of Opposition to each other, that the Excellency of the one, and the Folly of the other may appear the more Strongly. See Opposite and Opposition.

Such is that of Gcefe, in the CecondCati/inarian : *' On " the one fide Stands Modefly, on the other Impudence 5 on as that ot'JuguJittS to fome feditious young Men, Audite,
 * ' the one Fidelity, on the other Deceit ; here Piety, there
 * ' Sacrilege; here Conrinency, there LuSt, i?c."— — Such alfo

yuvenes, Senem, quern Juvenem fencs Audivere Such

again is that of Seneca, Cura Lives kquuntur, Ingentes ftupent.

St. Aitgn ft in, Seneca, Salvian, and many other antient Writers, Seem greatly to affecl Antitbefes s but among the Moderns they are generally decried. 3)eJwaretS n-prefents 'em as the Favourites of young Writers.

Terjlus long ago declaimed againft the impertinent ufe o$Jntithets.

—Crimim Rafts

Librat in Antithetis, dotlus pofuijfe Figttras. Antithesis is alio a Figure in Grammar, whereby one Letter is fubSlituted in the room of another • as olli for illi. The Word is deriv'd from the Greek dfliditri;, Opposi- tion.

ANTITHETARIUS, a Term occurring in the Title of a Chapter in the Laws of Canutut, viz. Capit,A7. but not in the Chapter itfelf The meaning of the Word, is where a Man endeavours to difcharge himfelf of the Facl of which he is accufed, by recriminating, i.e. by charging the Accu- ser with the Same Fact,. See Recrim 1 nation.

ANTITHET, Amtitheton, an Oppofite.orContrary;

fome thing difpofed by way of Antithesis. See Antithesis.

ANTiTRAGUS, in Anatomy, part of the Auricle op-

Tiofitc to the Tragus. See Tragus, Auricle and

Ear.

ANTITRINITARIANS, Hereticks who deny the ho- ly Trinity, and teach that there are not three Perfons in the God-head. See Trinity and God.

Thus the c Photinians, who do not believe the Distinction of Perfons in God 5 the Brians, who deny the Divinity oi the Word ; and the Macedonians, who deny that of the Ho- ly Spirit, were all properly Antitri?iitaria?zs. See Photi- jnian, Ari an, and Macedonian.

Among the Moderns, Antitrinitarians are particularly understood of Socinians, call'd alfo Unitarians* See Soci- NiANand Unitarian.

The BiliothecaAntitrinitariorum, or Antitrinitarian Li- brary, is a PoSthumous Work of Chrifopher Sandius, an eminent Antitrinitarian 5 wherein he gives a Lift digeSted in Order of Time, of all the- Socinian or modern Anti- trimtart&ft' Authors, with a brief Account of their Lives s and a Catalogue of their Works.

ANTITYPE, a Greek Word, properly Signifying a Type or Figure correfponding to fome other Type. See Type.

The Word Antitype, AyTirvirot, occurs twice in the New Teftament, viz. in the EpiStle to the Hebrews, IX. 24- and in St. 'Peter, t Ep. III. 21. where its genuine Import has

been much controverted The former fays, that " Chrift

" which are a.vjhv7rct, the Figures or" AptitypeS of the true; Tw©-, as is elfcwhere obferved, Signifies the Pattern by which another Thing is made : and as Mofes was obliged to make the Tabernacle, and all Things in it, according to
 * is not entered into the Holy Places made with Hands,
 * ' now to appear in the Prefence of God for us." — Now

the Pattern Shew'd him in the Mount $ the Tabernacle fo formed was the Antitype of what was Shewn to Mofes : An? Thing therefore formed according to a Model or Pattern is an Antitype.

In the latter Paflage, the Apoflle fpeaking of Noah\ Flood, and the deliverance of only eight PerSbns in the Ark from ir, fays « kA) vy.zs toffiyvfy vvr tr®£«< ^attJUuo., Bap- tifm being an Antitype to that, now faves us ; hot put- ting away the Filth of the Flejh, ha the Anfuer of a good Confcience toward God, S0& The meaning is, that Righ- teoufnefs, or the Anfwer of a good Confcience towards God, now faves us by means of the Refurrectibn of Chrift, as formerly Rightecufnefs faved thofe eight Perfons by means

of the Ark, during the Blood- The Word, Antitype,

therefore here Signifies a general Similitude of Circumstan- ces ; and the Particle a, wberev.nto, refers, not to the imme- dient Antecedent, uJW©-, Water, but to all that precedes.

Antitype, among theantient Greek Fathers, and in the Greek Liturgy, is alfo applied to the Symbols of Bread and Wine in the Sacrament. See Symbol, Eucharist, &c.

Hence it has been argued by many ProteStants, that the Greeks do not really believe the Doctrine of Tranfubftari- tiation ; in regard they call the Bread and Wine Antitypes, avTtTwrtt, q. d. Figures, Similitudes, even after the Confecration. See Greek, Tr ansu est anti at ion, £5?c.

Clement, in his Constitutions, S. Cyril, and Gregory Na- zianzen, and feveral other antient Writers, make no fcruple of ufing the Term on the fame Occalion 5 as is allowed by Leo AUatius,Suicer, &c. T'hefaur. Ecc lefiaft.

M. Simon replies to Dr. Smyth, who had made this Ob- fervation of the Greeks calling the Species, Antitypes, after Confecration ; that the Greek Church does not hold the Confecration compleated till after the Prayer call'd Invoca- tion of the Holy Spirit, which comes after the Paffage of the Liturgy, where the Bread and Wine are call'd Anti' types.

Add, that Marcus Ephejins, the Leader of the Party a- gainft the Latins, at the Council of Florence 5 makes ufe of this very Paffage in the Greek Liturgy, to prove that the Confecration docs not confift wholly in the Words, L'bisis my Body $ but alfo in the Prayer or Benediction which the PrieSl rehearSes afterwards, invoking the Holy Spirit. See Greek.

ANTLER, among Hunters, the firft of the Pearls that grow about the Bur of a Deer's Horn. See Head.

There are alfo Sur- Antlers, Brow- Antlers, &c; See

HtJNTINC.

ANTONOM ASIA, in Rhetoric See Antinomasy.

ANTRUM, in Anatomy, the beginning of the Pylorus, or lower Orifice of the Stomach. See Pylorus and Sto- mach.

ANTOECI, in Geography, thofe Inhabitants of the Earth who live under the fame Meridian, and at the fame Diftance from the Equator ; the one towards the North, and the other to the South. See Earth.

Hence, theAntceci have the Same Longitude and the fame Latitude, only of a different Denomination. See Lati- tude, £5c.

The Inhabitants of c Pe!oponnefus are Anmci to the Hot- tentots of the Cape of Good Hope — Antosci are frequently confounded with Ant ifcii. See Anti sciii

The Antceci have precifely the fame Hours of the Day and Night 5 but opposite Seafons : when 'tis 12 a-Clock in the longeft Summer Day with one; 'tis 12 a Clock of the fhorteit Winter's Day with the other; and hence the Night of the one is always equal with the Day of the other. See Day, Hour, Season, &g.

Hence alfo thofe Stars which never rife to any given) Place, to the Jiitcepi and Antipodes thereof never fet: and vice verfa- — And if the Jntceci turn their Faces toward eacli other, or the Antipodes look borh toward the Equator, the Stars will rife to the one on the right Hand, and to' the 0- ther on the Left. See Antipodes, &c.

The Word is fcrm'd of the Greek am, contra, and oi-aU>,

I dwell, inhabit The Antceci are contradiStinguifh'di

from t\\e. c Periceci. See Perioeci.

ANUS, in Medicine, the Extremity of the Intefline Reffumi or the Orifice of the Fundament. See Rec- tum and Fundament.

Fijlttla's in sfnO are very difficult of Cure. See Fistula,

The Gabionites fent golden Anus's back with the Ark, to be cured of a Difeafe which afflicted them in the AMU See Ark.

Sphincter of the Anus, orSpbinBet Ami: See Sphinc- ter Anti

Levator Ani. See Levator Ant.

Scalptor Am. See Ani-Scalptor.

Procidentia, or 'JProlaffus Ani. See Pa.ociDENT2A, Ani.

Anus is alfo ufed for a fmall Hole in the third Ventricle of the Brain, which leads into the fourth Ventricle of the Cerebellum. See Brain and Ventricle.

Q g AORIS*