Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/151

 ANT

( in)

ANT

" Curiofity 5 for it caufcd a ftrange Diforderin her, which that the Fire fo intends the Cold, as to enable it to congeal

" ceas'd upon removing of the Medicine. Ufeful.of'Philof'' the Water that ftagnated upon the Surface of the Stool,

Dr. Mather relates that " a Gentlewoman in Ne-w- betwixt that and the bottom of the Vcffel. But how little

" Emland fwoons upon feeing any one cut their Nails with need there is ofan Antiperifiafis in this Experiment, appears

" a Knife • but is not the leaft affected, if the fame be hence, that Mr. "Boyle has purpofely made it with good

" done with a Pair of Sciffars." fhil.lravfaM. N° 550. fuccefs, in a place where there neither was, r.or ever pro-

The 'Peripateticks account for Antipathies from certain bably had been, a Fire. See Fire and Freezing. occult Qualities inherent in the Bodies. See Occult, Pe- The Patron? of an Antiperifiafis ufually plead that Apho-

RIP1TRTIC-, ©S. See alfo Witchcraft, Consent of riftical Saying of Hippocrates, " The Vilcera are hotteft

<Parts &c. " ' n Winter," in behalf of their ('pinion: But the only Proof

Some think that the Term Antipathy, can onlv be applied ufually brought of fuch greater Heat, is, that Men then have

-t any certain purpofe, when ufed with the Reitriction of a greater Appetite ; fo that the Aphorifm fuppofes Digeftion

modern Fhilofoplicrs ; among whom it fignifies no more than a VisCenmfuga, or repelling Power. See Repel- ling and Centrifugal.

The Word is compounded of the Greek an, contra, a- oainft, and ro-Sfr, Paffion.

to be made in the Stomach by Heat, which is eafily refcll'd. See Digestion.

Another Argument, urged in favour ofan Antiperifiafis, is borrowed from the production of Hail, which is prefumed to be generated in Summer only, not in Winter ; and, ac-

ANTIPERIiTASlS, in Philofophy, the Action of cording to the Schools, is made in the lowctt Region of

two oppofite Qualities, ' one whereot, by its Oppofiticn the Air, by the Cold of the tailing Drops of Rain being

excites and heightens the Force of the other. See Qua- fo highly intended by the Warmth they meet with in the

tITY Air near the Earth, as to congeal into a folid torm. See

This Word is Greek, AfTmeisiofc ; form'd of am, contra the Article Hail. againft, and ^f.co.p.tu, to (land round: q. d. Refillence or As to the refrefhing Coldnefs which fubtcrraneous Places Renite'ncy agairrlt anything that furrouods or befets an- afford in Summer, ir may be deny'd that they are then real- other. l t is ufually defined, " the Opposition of a con- ly colder than in Winter ; tho' if the contrary were allow'd,

" trary Quality, whereby the Quality iioppo.es becomes it would not neceffarily infer an Antiperifiafis. 'Tis cer-

" hci"hcn'd, or intended ; or the Aclion whereby a Body tain, the fmoaking of Waters drawn from deep places in

" attack'd by another, collects itfelf, and becomes ltronger frofty Weather, does not neceffarily infer fuch Water to be " by fuch Opposition; or an Intention of the Activity ot

waimer than at other times when it docs not fmoke ; fir.ee that Effect may proceed, noc from the greater Warmth of the Water, but from the greater Coldnefs of the Ait. For a Man's Breath in Summer, or in mild Winter Weather, becomes very vifible ; the cold ambient Air fuddenly con- denting the fuliginous Steams difcharged by the Lungs ; which, in warmer Weather, are readily dittuled in imper- ceptible Particles through the Ait. See the articles Water, Cold, &c.

ANTIPERISTALTIC, in Anatomy, a Motion of the

to the Perifialtic Motion. See Peri-

tent in the "Peripatetic Philofophy.

according ro the Authors of that Clafs, " that Cold and The ■Perifialtic Motion is a Contraflion of the Fibres " Heat be both of them endued with a felf-invigorating of the Interlines from above, downwards; and the Antl- " Power which each may exert when furrounded by its periflaltic Motion is their Contraction from below, up- " contrary and thereby prevent their mutual Deltruciion. wards. See Intestines.

" Thus it is fuppofed that in Summer, the Cold expelled The Wotd is derived trom the Greek irn, againft, met, ■' from the Earth and Water by the Sun's fcotching Beams, about, and maIiw, that which hath the Power of com- " retires to the middle Region of the Ait, and there preffing. See Vermicular.

" defends itfelf againft the Heat of the fuperior and in- ANTIPHONE, Antifhonum, the Anfwer made by " ferior And thus, alfo, in Summer, when the Air a- one Choir to another, when the lTalm or Anthem is fung " hmit us is fulrry 'hor we find that Cellars and Vaults between two. See Anthem, Choir, iSc. « have the oppofite Quality : lb in Winter, when the ex- ANTIPHRASIS, a fort of figurative Speech which has

" ternal Air freezes the Lakes and Rivers, the internal Air, a contrary meaning to what it carries in appearance. Or,

«' in the fame Vaults and Cellars, becomes the Sanduary a kind ot Irony, wherein we fay one thing and mean the ■• r,f Heat- and Water, frefh drawn out of deeper Wells contrary. See Figure and Irony.

tu w„...l :. J»,:„.J G. — A» r3™,i „„, an( J ;. p aai(, of

" one Quality, by the Opposition of another."

Thus Cold, fay the School-Phiiofophers, on many Oc- cafions exalts the Degree of Heat ; and Drynefs that of Moiffute. See Cold, s!c. ^

Thus it is that Quick- Lime is fct on fire by the Atra- fion of cold Water : So Water becomes warmer in Winter than in Summer, by Antiperifiafis : And to the fame Caufe it is owing that Thunder and Lightning are excited in the middle Region of the Air, which is continually cold.

This Antiperifiafis is a Principle of great Ufe and Ex- Inteltines contrary n the Peripatetic Philofophy. " 'Tis neceffary," staltic.

and Springs, in a cold Seafon, not only feels warm, but " manifeiHy fmokes."

Mr. iJofte has canvafs'd this Doctrine thoroughly, in his

Hiilory of Cold. Tis certain that, ,1 priori, or con-

fiderino the reafon of the thing ahlkacted from the Experi- ments alledc'd to prove an Antiperifiafis, it appears high- , lv ibfnrd • Since according to the Courfc of Nature, one parim againit Vigllantius, fays he ought rather to be cal

The Word is derived from the Greek ppa^ft', I fpeak.

'Tis a common Error, to make Antiphrafes confift in a finglc Word; as when we fay that the Parcel are thus call'd by Antiphrafts, becaufe they fpare no body, cparctf quia nemini parcunt. St. Jerom, in his Epiltle to .Ri-

led 'Dominant ins per Antiphrafin, than Vigilantius, b caufe he oppofed the Cb.rUt.ians holding Wakes at the Tombs of the Martyrs.

SsnSius, in his Minerva, p. 431. condemns fuch Anti- phrafes ; by reafon Thrafis is not applicable to a fingle Wotd, but fignifies Oratiemm, aut ioquendi Modum. See Phrase. That excellent Grammarian defines Antiphrafis to be a avoid 'the'cont'r'ary Quality in As Table, and Form of Irony, whereby we fay a thing, by denying what the'mfelves from being fwallowcd up by the dry we ought rather to affirm it ro be : Antiphrafis ejl Irom<e Vol 1- but this we can account for on more intelligible qiHednm forma cum dwimus mgando id quod debuit affirma-

Trincinles ®ia the Power of Attraffion, and Repulfion. See ri. As when we fay, It did not dijfleafe me, or, He is

jr.ncipies,^ and Rrfwl _ SI0N no Fool ; meaning I icas pleafed-xith it, or, He is a Man

aTio the Antiperifiafis of Cold and Heat, the Peripa- of Senfe. On this Principle the Antiphrafis ought to

tctics talk of tho r e Qualities being furrounded by their be ranked among the Figutes ot Sentences, and not thole Onnnfitcs as' if each of 'em ' had an Underftanding and of Words. See Figure.

Sffit that in cafe it did not gather up its Spirits, and ANTIPODES or Antichthones ,n Geography a re- ™,d £ nft its Antagonift, it mutt infallibly perttlt; which lative Term, underUocd ol fuch Inhabitants o the Earth i^r transform phyfical Agents into moral ones. as live diametrically oppofite to one another Sc, e T E " T ."-

The Antipodes arc thofe who live in Parallels ot Latitude ually dittant from the Equator, the one toward the North,

rary ought to deftroy, not to ftrengthen another : i,^- fide, that it'is an Axiom that natural Caufes aft as much as they can; which, as to inanimate Creatures, mu^t be allowed phyfically demonllrative ; in regard thefe act not by choice, but by a neceffary Impulfe.

'Tis commonly, indeed, alledg d, as a Proof of a Power Nature has given Bodies of flying their Contraries, that Drops of Water, falling on a Table, colleft into little Globu' keep

is to transform phyfi—.

In effect not only Reafon, but Experiment alio, con- cludes againft the Notion of an Antiperifiafis : The leading Argument urged in behalf of it, is, the heating of quick Lime in cold Water: Now, who can fufficicntly admire at the Lazinefs and Credulity of Mankind, who have to long, and generally acquiefced in what they might to eafily have found to be falfc ? For if, inllead of cold Water, the Lime be quenched with hot, the Ebullition will oftentimes be far greater ihan if the Liquor were cold, ■'•ee Heat.

Again ; in freezing a Balbn to a Joint-Stool with a Mix- ture of Snow and Salt, by the Fire-fide, 'tis pretended,

equally diftant trom the Equ

the other to the South ; and under the fame Meridian, tho 180^, or juft haif of that Meridian, dittant from one another. See Parallel and Meridian

The Antipod'-s have the fame degree ot Heat and Cold ; the fame length of Night, and Day ; but at contrary times { It being Midnight with one when it islsoon with t.le o- ther ; and ti.e longetl Day with one, when lliorteft with the other. See Heat, Day, Night, Sic

Again,