Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/129

 ANA

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ANA

The Aualaptifts adopted feveral other Dogmata from the Gnofticks, &c. touching the Incarnation, £5?c. But thofe who now retain the Name, have abandoned the greateft Part thereof; and in lieu of the Fanatick Zeal of the antient Foundets of the Sect, have given into an Ex- emplary Simplicity in their Aflions, Difcipline, Drefs, f$c. not much unlike the modern Quakers. See Quakers.

As they multiplied, they divided into a great number of Setfs ; which took particular Denominations, either from the Leaders thereof, or the peculiar Opinions, which they fuperadded to the general Syftem of Anabaptifm. — The prin- cipal were the Mumerians, Catkarifis, Enthufiafts, Silentes, Adamites, Georgians-, Independents, Hutites, Melchiorites, Nudipedalians, Mennonites, Sulcholdians , Auguftinians, Serve tians, Monafterians, Liberties, Deoreliotians, Sempe- rorantes, Polygamites, Ambrofians, Clancularians, Manife- ftarians, Sacularians, 'Pacificators, Paftoricides, Sangui- narii, &c.

ANABASII, in Antiquity, the Couriers who travel'd on Horfeback, or in Chariots. See Courier, and Post.

The Word comes from the Greek ewatSewts, adfeenfus, mounting.

ANABIBAZON, in Aftronomy, the Dragons Head; or the Northern Node of the Moon, where ihe partes the Ecliptick from South to North Latitude. See Dragon, and Node.

ANABROSIS, in Medicine, the iffuing of Blood at a

Hole wore in a Vein by Corrofion. The Word is Greek,

avzgtairis, crofio.

ANACALYTERIA, in Antiquity, Feafts celebrated a- mong the Heathens, on the Day that the Bride was per- mitted to lay afide her Veil, and to be feen in publick. See Feast, Marriage, g?e.

They were thus called from the Greek ammxiiflmv, to dif- cover, uncover.

ANACAMPTICK, fignifies as much as ReflecTing ; and is frequently ufed in reference to Echoes, which are faid to be Sounds produced anaca?nptically, or by Reflexion. See Reflection, Sound, and Echo.

Hence alfo Anacampticks is by fome ufed for Catoptricks, See Catoptricks, Phonicks, &c.

ANACATHART1C, is underttood of a purging Medi- cine, that works upwards. See Purgative.

The Word comes from ara, fupra, upwards ; and x«9aif«, iurgo, I purge.

ANACEPHALEOSIS, in Rhetorick, a Recapitulation ; or a fhort and fummary Repetition of what has been faid. See Recapitulation.

The Word comes from the Greek £m, which in Compo- fition fignifies Repetition, and »s?rtAi), Head.

ANACHORET, or Anchoret. See Anchoret.

ANACHRONISM, ^ in Matters of Chronology, an Error in Computation of Time ; whereby an Event is placed earlier thanitreally happen'd. See Time, and Chronology.

Such is that of Virgil, who places Dido in Africa at the Time of Mneas ; tho, in reality, Ihe did not come there till 900 Years after the taking of Troy. — An Etror on the other fide, whereby a Fact is placed later, and lower than itlhould be, is call'd a 'Parachronij'm. See Parachronism.

The Word is compounded of the Greek dva, furfum, fu- pra, retrorfiim, higher, backwards; and -yfjtkr, tempus, Time.

ANACLATICKS, that Part of Opticks which confiders refracted Light. See Refraction.

Anaclaticks are the fame with what we more ufually call Dioptricks. See Dioptricks.

ANACLETERIA, in Antiquity, Feafts celebrated in honour of Kings and Princes, when they took upon them the Adminiftration of their State, and made a Solemn De- claration thereof to the People.

The Word is form'd of civa, and nahzv, voco, I call.

ANACREONTIC, in the Greek and Latin Poetry, fome- thing invented by Anacreon ; or in the Manner and Tafte of Anacreon.

Anacreon, a Poet of Teios, who lived upwards of 400 Years before Chrift, was famous for the Delicacy of his Wit ; and the exquifitc, yet eafy and natural, turn of his Poefy.— We have feveral of his Odes ftill extant ; and few of the modern Poets, but have Anacreonticks in Imitation hereof.

They are moft of 'em compofed in Vcrfes of feven Syl- lables ;_ or rather, of three Feet and an half, Spondees and Iambus's, tho fometimes Anapefts. — Hence, Verfes in that Meafure are ufually called Anacreonticks, or Anacreontic Verfes. See Verse.

ANADIPLOS1S, in Rhetorick, a Figure, in which one Verfe begins with the fame Word wherewith the former ended. See Figure.

The Word is fometimes alfo ufed in Phyfick, for a Re- duplication of the Fits, or Paroxyfms of Fevers : in which Senfe, fome Writers alfo call it Epanadiplofis,

ANAGLYPHICF., or the Anaglyphic Art, fignifies Sculpture; or the Art of Carving, Engraving, Chafing, and Embofling. See Sculptor, Carving, Engraving ' En- chasing, Z$c.

The Word comes from the Greek &m.y>.v$e>, exfculpo.

ANAGOGICAL, Myflcrious, fomcthing that raifes ihe Mind to Things eternal and divine ; the Matters of the next Life. See Anagogy.

This Term is principally ufed with regard to the different Senfes of the Scripture.— The literal Senfe is the firft and the natural Senfe : The myftical Senfe is founded on the na- tural Senfe, from whence it is taken by Analogy or Compa- rifon, by Similitude or Refemblance of one thing to ano- ther ; and is divided into feveral kinds. See Mystical.

Where it regards the Church, and Matters of Relioion it is called the Allegorical Senfe. See Allegorical.

Where it regards our Morals, it is called the Topological Senle. See Tropological.

And where it regards Eternity, or the Life to come it is called the Anagogical Senfe. See Sense.

The Word is derived from the Greek £ta.yjryr, carrying away, overturning ; which is form'd of the Prepofition « furjum, upwards, and uyjyi, leading ; of ays, duco.

ANAGOGY, Anagoge, a Rapture, or Elevation of the Soul, to things Ciieftial, and Eternal. See Extasy, (£c.

This is nc L the natural Senfe of fuch a Paffage of Scripture it is an Anagogy. See Mystic.

We have Comments on the Scripture, which are Anago. gies throughout. See Anagogical.

ANAGRAM, Anagramma, a Tranfpofal of the Let- ters of a Name ; or a Combination thereof in fome new manner, fo as to exhibit one or more Words, either to the Advantage or Difadvantage of the Perfon to whom it be- longs. See Name.

The Word is form'd from the Greek arzyfjjpa, I write backwards.

Thus, the Anagram of Galenus is Angeltis ; that of Log.ca, Caligo ; that of Loraine, is Alerion ; on which ac- count it was, that the Family of Lorrain took Alerions for their Armoury.— Calvm, in the Title of his Inftitmions printed at Strasburg in 1539, calls himfelf Alcuinus, which is the Anagram of Calvinus, and the Name of an eminent- ly learned Perfon in the Time of Cbademaign, who con- tributed greatly to the Reftauration of Learning in that Age. "Barclay, in his Argenis, anagrammatizes Calvinus by a lefs creditable Name, Ufinulca : and Rabelais, to be re- venged of rhe fame Calvin, who had made an Anagram of his Name, found in that of Calvin, Jan Cul.

Such as keep clofe to the Definition of Anagram, take the Liberty to omit or retain the Letter H, and that Letter only ; but fuch as (land up for the poetical Licence, make bold fometimes to ufe£for,E, V for IV, S for Z and C for K ; and vice verfa. See Alphabet. _ This way of writing was fcarce known among the An- tients : Daurat, a French Poet in the Reign of Charles IX. is ufually faid to be the firft that broach'd it : Yet Lvco- phron, who wrote under Ptolemy 'Philadelphia, about 180 Years before Chrift, appears to have been no Stranger to the Arr of making Anagrams. Cameras, in his Prolegome- na to Lycophron, gives us two of his Pieces in this Kind - the firft on the Name of King Ptolemy, tlr^iuuiK, in which he found jaiubjrtt, of Money 5 to infinuate the Sweetnels and Mildnefs of that Prince : The fecond was on Queen Arfinoe, 'V"'»», of whom he made U> Hwt Juno's Violet.

The Cabbalifts among the Jews are profefs'd Anagram- milts ; the third Part of their Art, which they call Mara i. e. changing, being nothing but the Art of making Ana- grams, or of finding hidden and myftical Meanings in Names : which tney do by changing, tranfpofing and dif- ferently combining the Letters of rhofe Names.— Thus of !Tti>3 the MeJJiah, they make nO»> he Jball rejoice.
 * -U the Letters of Noah's Name, they make j n Grace .- of

There are two manners of making Anagrams ; for i°, fome only confift in dividing a fingle Word into feveral • Thus the jEnigma of the God Terminus, mention'd by Aulas Gellius, Lib. XII. c. 6. is founded on the Anagram Ter ™'. N "? :, a . nd 1 } US Suftineamus yields fits tinea mus.— This Kind alone feems to have been ufed among the Ro- mans.

The fecond, is where the Order and Situation of the Letters is changed : Such are thofe abovemention'd ; and alfo thefe^ Rcma, Maro, Amor ; Julius, Ltvius ; Corpus, Porcus, Procus, Spurco.

To find all the Anagrams any Name will admit of, algebraically, fee the Article Combination.

The fined and happieft of all the Anagrams extant, is that on the Queftion put by Pilate to Jefus Chrift ; fhiid eft Veritas ? which anagrammaiically make, Eft vir qui adeft : The Anagram, here, is the bett, and iufteft Anfwer that could pofltbly be given.

Befides,