Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/1030

 H Y D

( 270 )

H Y D

The Antients us'd it for Amulets and Talifmansj and bore it about their Neck, or ier in Rings, gfe. fuppofmg it to have the Virtue of fecuring them from the Plague,

The Hyacinth us'd in Medicine, and whereof the Con- fection of Hyacinth is made, is a different Stone, of which there are three feveral Sorts : The firft about the Bignefs and Figure of a Grain of Salt, and pretty foft; The 2d ruddy, and fhap'd like the Point of a Diamond, found in divers Parts of Italy, Silefia, Bohemia, &c. The third is white, intermix'd with yellow, and fome other Colours 5 being found in the fame Places as the red.

In Srritfnels, only the firft Kind mould be us'd in the ConfecYion of Hyacinth ; but the Druggifts and Apotheca- ries frequently liibftiture the other.

ConfeBion of Hyacinth, is a thin cordial Eleauary, compos'd of d*ivers Kinds of precious Stones, particularly of that whofe Denomination it bears, with certain Earths, Seeds, Roots, Coral, Hartmorn, and divers other Ingredi- ents, well mix'd, and ground together. See Confection cf Hyacinth. ■ ,

HYACINTHIA, in Antiquity, Feafts held at Sparta, in Honour ot Apollo, and in Commemoration of his Favourite Hyacinth.

This Hyacinth was the Son of Amyclas, King of Sparta, and was belov'd both by Apollo and Zej>hyrui. The Youth fhewing 1110ft Inclination to the former, his Rival grew Jea- lous 5 and, to be reveng'd, one Day, as Apollo was playing at the 2)ifcus, i.e. Quoits with Hyacinth, Zephyrus turn'd the Direction of a Quoit which Apollo had pitch'd, full upon the Head of the unhappy Hyacinth-, who fell down dead. Afollo transform'd him into a Flower of the fame Name ; And as a farther Token of Refpect, inftituted this Feaft.

The Hyacinthia lafted three Days $ the firft and third whereof were employed in bewailing the Death of 'Hyacinth, and the fecond in Feafting and Rejoycing.

The People who atftfted at the Ceremony were crown'd with Ivy ; by reafon, lays Voffms, de Idolol. 1. ii. c. 14. that Bacchus and Apollo were the fame Perfon.

HYBISTRICA, tu Antiquity, a fulemn Feaft, held among the Greeks, with Sacrifices and other Ceremonies 5 whereat the Men attended in the Apparel of Women, and the Wo- men in that of Men, to do Honour to Venus in Quality cither of a God, or a Goddefs, or both.

Or, according to the Account given by others, the Hy- Ufirica was a Feaft celebrated at Argos, wherein the Wo- men, being dreis'd like Men, infulted their Husbands, and treated them with all Marks of Superiority, in Memory of the Argian Dames having anciently defended their Country with Angular Courage againft Cleomenes and 'Demaratzts.

cplutarch fpeaks of this Feaft in his Treatife of the great Actions of Women. — The Name, he obferves, fignifies Infamy % which is well accommodated to the Occafion, wherein the Women ftrutted it about in Cloaks, while the Men were oblig'd to dangle in Petticoats.

HYADES, in Aftronomy, are feven Stars, famous among the Poets for the bringing of Rain, — Whence their Name, from the Greek, $eff, Wluere, to rain.

Their Place is in the Bull's Head 5 The Principal of them in the left Eye, by the Arabs call'd AUeharan. Their Longitudes, Latitudes, &c. iee among thole of the other Stars in the Conftellation Taurus.

The Poets feign them the Daughters of Atlas and Ethra. Their Brother Hyas being torn to Pieces by a Lionefs, they wept his Death with fuch Vehemence, that the Gods, in Compaffion to them, tranflated them into Heaven, and plac'd them in the Bull's Forehead, where they continue to weep 5 this Conftellation being fuppos'd to prefage Rain.

Tho' others of the Poets repreftnt the Hyades as Bacchus' s Nurfes, and the fame with the Ijodonides^ who fearing the Refentment of Juno, and flying from the Cruelty of King Lycurgus, were tranflated by Jupiter into Heaven.

HYDATIS, in Medicine, a Difeafe of the Eyes, confift- ing of a fatty Subftance or Excrelcence, growing under the Skin of the upper Eye-lid 5 by which the whole Eye-lid, in Children, is fbme times render'd Oedematous. See Eye.

Hydatis is alio us'd, among the modern Phyficians,for a little Bladder of Water, occasionally found in divers Parts of the Body. See Hydatides.

HYDATIDES, in Medicine, are little tranfparent Bags or Bladders full of Water, frequently found in divers Parts of the Body.

Hydatides are moft common in dropfical Perfons, and are fuppos'd to arife from a Diftention and Rupture of the Lymph xducts ; being found chiefly in the Parts abounding in thofe Veffels, as the Liver, Lungs, &c. — They are alfo fometimes found in Ifterical Cafes, See Jaundice, &c.

We have Inftances of Hydatides voided both by Stool, by Urine, and by Vomiting. — They are of all Sizes, from a Pin's Head to a Pullet's Egg.

The Word is fotm'd of the Greek, u/«p, Water, which, in the genitive Cafe, gives tUt-roc, whence oJiewj, Hydatis. See Hydatis.

HYDATOIDES, a Name fome Authors give to the Aqueous Humour of the Eye, inclos'd between the Cornea and Uvea. See Aqjteous Humour.

The Word is compos'd aEgfy, HJlvnt, Water, and Zi, Water, and <tjwt6«, I view, I confider.

HYDE of Land. See Hide.

HYDE-gyld, from the Saxon, HydgyZd, a Price or Ran- fom paid to iave one's Skin from beating : Alfo the fame with Hidage. See Hedgeld.

HYDRA, a Southern Conftellation, confiding of twenty- fix Stars, and imagin'd to rcprefent a Water-Serpent. See Constellation and Star.

Stars in the Conftellation Hydra.

itmmts ftnd Situation the Stars.

•f

N. of thofe preced. in the Head S. of thofe preced. agt. theNoft.

In the Aperture of the Mouth

North of two in the Forehead South in the Forehead

In the hind Part of the Head Precd. of a in Root of the Neck if

Subfeq. In the Root of the Neck

Small one over the Heart

. 2 *

Mid. of 3 in bending of th«Neck South

Laft: of 3 in bending of the Neck

30

That following the Heart That following this

That, again, foil, this to the N. 3?

Anoth. behind this,andmoreN.

4.0 Preced. of three following thefe as in a right LineJ

Middle of 1 in the right Line

4f Small one following this Lafl: of three in the right Line

Contig. to Bottom of the Cup South beneath Bafe of the Cup

CO

North beneath Bafe of the Cup In A, againft the laft K Preced. g; and South Bend of< South the Tail C Laft

57

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