Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/1013

 H O ft

&ori2,oSjtal T'nrallax " Horizontal Refra£lioa( Horizontal *Proje£?ion ( Horizontal SDiftance -

See

' Parallax.

)Refraction.

)Map.


 * Distance,

t>53)

HOK

HORN, Cornu, a hard callous Subflance, growing on the Head of divers Animals. See Animal and Head.

Animals have Horns but thole that are cloven-footed.
 * Tis laid down as a Rule by fome Naturalifls, that no

The Horns are ufually a double Part ; infbmuch that there is but one Exception, and this too controverted. See Unicorn.

The Horns of a Deer are properly call'd his Mead: See Head.

In the Hiflory of the French Academy of Sciences, we have an Account of a Bullock's Horn dug out of the Ground in ploughing, which had ihot forth fibrous Roots, and ap- pealed to have grown or vegetated after the Manner of a Plant.

Horns make a confiderable Article in the Arts and Manu- factures. — Bullocks Horns foften'd by the Fire, ferve to make Lanthorns, Combs, Inkhorns, Tobacco-Boxes, ££?<-.

Horn is fometimes alfo ufed for the Hoof of a Horfe, i$c. See Hoof.

ii£?rrVHoRN, Cornu Cervz. — The Scrapings or Rafpings of the Horn of this Animal are medicinal, and ufed in Altringent Draughts, Prifans, £fc. with that Intention.

It yields by Diftiliation a very penetrative volatile Spirit. Sec Spirit, ££?£.

Emmons Horn. See Cornu Ammonis.

Horn is alfo a Sort of muiical Inflrument, of the Wind Kind ; chiefly ufed in Hunting, to animate and bring toge- ther the Dogs, and the Hunters. See Hunting.

The Horn may have all the Extent of the Trumpet. See Trumpet.

The Term anciently was, Wind a Horn ; all Horns being in thole Times compafs'd : But fince ftraight Horns are come in fafhion, they fay, Blow a Horn-, and fometimes, Sound a Horn,

There are various Leffbns on the Horn 5 as the Recheat, ^Double Recheat, Royal Recheat, Running or Fare-wet Re- cheat, &c. See Recheat.

The Hebrews made ufc of Horns form'd of Rams Horns, to proclaim the Jubilee 5 whence the Name Jubilee-. See Jueilee.

Horn, in Anatomy. See Cornu, Matrix, l$c.

Horn, in Architecture, is fometimes ufed for Volute. See Volute.

Horn of 'Plenty. See Cornu Copia. . Horn with Horn, or Horn tinder Horn (cornutum cum cornuto) when there is Common per caufe de vicinage, Inter- commoning of horned Beafls, See" Common and Inter- common.

Horn Work, in Fortification, a Sort of Out-work ad- vancing toward the Field, to cover .and defend a Curtain, Baftion, or other Place fufpected to be weaker than the reft ; as alfo to polfeft a Height, &c. See Our-tcork,

It confifts of two Demi Baitions, as LMN and OPQ_, Tab.- Fortification, Fig. 12. and a Curtain NO. — Its Sides or Wings are ufually parallel ; tho' fometimes they approach or contracf toward the Place, forming what they call a £>ueue d' Amide, or Swallows 'Tail. See Queue d'Aronde.

When the Wings are too long, they fometimes make Epaulements to flank them. — Trie Parts of the Horn-work next the Country, are to be furnifh'd with a Parapet.

Two Horn-works join'd together, make a Crown-work. See CROWN-'ttwfc.

Horn Seam Tollengers, are Trees which have been lopp'd, and are of about twenty Years Growth. See Tree and Lopping.

Horngeld and Horsete, (trom the Saxon, Horn, and Geld, Payment) fignifies a Tax within the Forelt, to be paid for the feeding of horned Beafts. See Geld.

To be free of this, is a Privilege granted by the King to fuch as he thinks good. — Suietum ejfi Omni collettione^ in Fore/la de Sefiiis cornutis ajjes. Et fine quieti de omnibus Geldis, tfDamgeldis, & ' Wodgeldis, & Senegeldis, 2? Horn- geldis, «?c. SeeSursiDY.

A Horfe is faid to be Horn hipped, when the Tops of the two Haunch Bones appear too high.

HORNAGIUM, Hornaoe, in our ancient Law Books, feems to import the fame with Horngeld. See Horngeld:

HORODICTIC Quadrant. See Quadr ant.

HOROGRAPHY, the Art of making or conftructing Dials ; call'd alfo Horologiography, Gnomonica, Sciaterica, <pHtofcittterica, &c. See Dialling. .

The Word is compounded of u?y., hora, Time, Hour, and -y P Mv, ftribo, I write.

HOROLOGIOGRAPHY, the Art of making or con- ftrucfinti Dials. See Dialling.

HOROLOGIUM, a common Name among the Latin Writers, for any Inftrument or Machine to mcafure the Hours withal. Sec Chronometer.

Such .are our Clocks, Watches, Sun-Dials, efc Sell

Ci £l K, „, A, tch ' DliL ' & - See alfo Clepsydra.

The 1 Word 1; j originally Greek, £ & ^ m, compos'd of &m» hora, lime, Hour, and Kept, Speech, Difcourfe.

Horologium, Horologion, is alfo a Name the Greeks give to their Liturgy or Breviary ; by reafon it contains the daily Hours, or the feveral Offices to be rehears'd each Day, See Hour. Jr

The Greeks call it v&hfow] which anfwers to what in Latin and Englip we call Tn-urnum, or Xiurnal.

Theflfwo^oi/ is theBreviaryOfthe Greeks. See Breviary,

HOROPTER, inOpticks, is a right Line, drawn thro' the Point where the two Optic Axes meet, parallel to that which joins the Centres of the two Eyes, or the two Pupils

Such is the Line A B (Tab. Opticks, Fig. 6-).) drawn thro' the f-oint of Concourfc C, of the Optic Axes of the Eyes DandE, parallel to HI, which joins the Centres of the Eyes H and I.

It is call'd Horopter, as being found by Experience to be the Limit of diftinct Villon. See Vision.

VtMieofthe Horopter. See Plane of tbe Horopter.

HOROSCOPE, in Aftrology, is the Degree of the AC cenctant, or Star rifing above the Horizon, at any certain Time when a Prediftion is to be made of a future Event ; as, the Fortune of a Perfon then born, the Succefs of a De- fign then laid, the Weather, &. See Ascendant.

Mercury and Feints were in the Horofcope, &c. They were anciently fo infatuated with Horofcopes, that Albertus Magnus is faid to have had the Temerity to draw that of Jefus Cnrifr.

The Word is Greek, compos'd of & e a., hora, Hour, and the Verb miariwM, fpeSo, confidero, I eonfider. -- The La- tins call it Car do Orientalis.

Horoscope is alfo ufed for a Scheme or Figure of the twelve Houfcs, i. e. the twelve Signs of the Zodiac, wherein is mark'd the Difpofition of the Heavens for the given Timev See House and Figure.

Thus we fay, to draw a Horofcope, conflruct a Horofcope, Sic. We call it more peculiarly calculatwg a Nativity, when the Life and Fortune of a Perfon are the Subject of the Prediction : For they draw Horofcopes of Cities, great En- terprizes, ti?c.

Limar Horoscope, is the Point which the Moon iffues out of, when the Sun is in the afcending Point of the Eatt.

This is alfo call'd the Tart of Fortune. See Part.

Horoscope, is alfo a Mathematical Inftrument, in man- ner of a Pianifphere ; but now difufed. See Planisphere.

It was invented by J. 'Faduanns, who compofed a fpecial Treatife thereon.

HORROR, Horrour, flriflly fignifies filch an Excefs of Fear, as makes a Perfon tremble. — In Phyfick it denotes fuch aShuddering orQiiivcring as precedes an Ague Fit ; and is often join'd with Rigores and Lurnbagines. See Ague, Fever, £$c.

Thro' Ignorance of this Acceptation, fome have under- ftood Fear to be accounted by Authors among the antecedent Symptoms of thofe Diifempers.

HORS de Jon fee, q. d. out of his Fee, is an Exception to avoid an Aflion brought for Rent ifTuing out of certain Land, by him that pretends to be the Lord, or for fome' Cuftoms and Services. — For if the Defendant can prove the Land to he without the Compafs of his Fee, the Action falls See District.

HORSE, a Domeflick Quadruped, of great Ufe in the Affairs of Agriculture, Commerce, War, Sporting, g?c.

The Horfe makes the Subject of a very extenfive Art, call'd Horfemanpip, confifl-ing of divers fubordinate Arts ot Branches. See Horsemanship.

From the fame Beaft arife the Profeffions of Chivalry, Knighthood, g?c. See Chevalier, £=?c.

Authors are divided as to the Time when Men firft began to mount Horfis. — The Scholiafts of Euripides, and Eujia- thius on the lid Book of the Iliad, fpeak as if the Ancients had been unacquainted with the Ufe of Saddle Horfes, and had only ufed them to draw Chariots, &c. They add, that Courfes on Horfe-back were not introdue'd at the Olympic Games, before the 8 5th Olympiad. — Eut this can fcarce be 5 in regard the Centaurs, to whom the Invention is attributed, liv'd long before that Time. See Centaur.

It appears likewife from 'Paufanias, that there were Horfe Courfes even in the Time of Hercules, the Inftimtor of the Olympic Games. See Olympic.

The Parts of a Horfe's Body fumifli a great Variety of Terms, by no means to be overlook'd. — The Skin and Coat are call'd the Sairj the long Hair on the Neck the Main i the Fote-top the Toping or Titke j the Hair behind, on the Feet, the Fetlock or Fetter-lock ; that growing over the Top of the Hoof, the Coronet or Crouet ; that on the Eye-lids, the 'Brills. —The Ridge whereon the Main grows, is call'd the Creft or Crift ; the fori Part, from the Neck to the fore Legs, the "Brisket or Chejl ; the Mark frequently running down bis Face, the Rachs ; and that in the Forehead, the Star. — The
 * R r r Top