Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/1008

 HON

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HON

HOMUNCIONATES, a Name the Ari'ans gave to the Orthodox, in the IVth Century ; by reafon they admitted two Subftances and two Natures in Jefus Chrift.

HOMUNCIONISTS, a Sefl of Hereticks, the Followers of 'JPhotin ; and from him alio call'd 'photinians. See Fhotinians.

They had this Appellation in refpecl: of their denying the two Natures in Jefus Chrift, and holding that he was only mere Man.

The Word is form'd of the Latin, Homuncio, a Diminu- tive of homo, Man ; q. d. little Man.

HOMUNCIONITES, were a Seft of ancient Hereticks, U'hofe diftinguifhing Dogma it was, that the Image of God was imprefs'd on the Body, not on the Soul or Mind of Man.

HOND-i»W, in our ancient Cufloms, from the Saxon, hond, Hand, and habens, having ; a Circumflance of a ma- nifeft Theft, when the Party is taken with the Mainor, or ' Mainover, i. e. the Thing flolen in his Hand.

SraSon alfo ufes Hand-berend in the fame Senfe. Sc. Latro manifefins. See HbtiD-habend.

So in Fleta, Furmm mamfeftum efi ubi attquh latro de- frehenjits fiijttus de aliqito latrocinio Hand-habbind, %$ Back- berinde, & tnfecutus fuerit per aliquem atjm res aliqua fuerit, qii£ dicitur Secborgh, i$ tunc licet infecutori remfuam petere crimhmliter ut fur at am.

It alfo fignifies the Right which the Lord hath to judge and determine of this Offence in his Court.

HONE, a fine Sort otlVbet-ftone, whereon to fet a Razor or Penknife.

It is of a yellowifh Colour, being Holly-wood petrify'd or chang'd into Stone, by lying in the Water for a certain Seafon. See Petrifaction.

Of thefe there are laid to be fome in Oxford/aire, that will be thus petrify'd in a very fhort Time.

HONEY, Mel, a fweet fort of Juice fuck'd from Vegeta- bles by the Bees, and repofited in their Combs. See Wax.

Honey is properly one of the Juices afforded by the Flowers, and is found to exude from all Sorts thereof; the very bittereli, as Aloes and Colocynth, not excepted. . In all Male Flowers that have Utricles at the Bot- tom of the Petala, is found a vifcid, ruddy, fweet Juice in good Plenty ; whence it is, that we fee the Children gather Cowflips, Fox-gloves, _H»»e>'-fucklcs, f£c. and fuck the Honey from them. — The Bees too vifit thefe Flowers ; and putting in their Probofcides, or Trunks, fuck out the Honey-Juice, and load their Stomachs therewith; to be afterwards difcharg'd and laid up in their Combs : — So that Honey is a vegetable Subftance.

In the Belly of the Bee is a fmall tranfparcnt Bladder, which is the proper Receptacle of the Honey : When the Animal finds this full, it returns, enters one of the Cells, and difcharges it there by that Part of the Head fituate be- tween the two Jaws, which it extends wider than ordinary, moving its Head at the fame time this way and that. — If a Drop happen to be ill plac'd, it fucks it up again by its Probofcis, and difcharges it a-new. — When a Cell is fill'd with Honey, they flop it up with Wax for Winter Store. See Wax.

Honey was anciently taken for a Dew that fell or defcended on the Flowers ; but what proves this a Miftake, is, that the Bees only gather it after the Sun is up, when there is no Dew left : It muft therefore be either a Liquor prepar'd in the Flower, and excreted by its proper Vcflels, like Manna. See Manna.

Or rather, it appears to be the fine Duft, or Farina Fecun- dans of the Apices. — For, according to the Obfervations of M. du Vemay, the Bees, when in the Search of Honey fix on no other Parts but the Stamina and Apices, and not on iiich as yield any other Liquor. See Farina.

What is very remarkable, is, that Honey, in Virtue of its vegetable Nature, is difcover'd by M. Lemery to contain Iron; which Difcovery may ferve as an Anfwer to M. Geoffreys Chymical Queftion, viz. Whether there is any Part of a Plant without Iron ? For if fo delicate an Extraci from the fined Part of the Flower, and this further elabo- rated in the little V.fcera of the Infeft, be not void of Iron we may defpair of feeing anv fo. See Iron.

We have two Kinds of Honey, white and yellow. — The white call'd alfo Virgin Honey, trickles out fpontaneoufly from the Comb, by turning it up or breaking it.

The fecond is fqueez'd 'from the Combs in a Prefs after having firft foften'd them with a little Water over the' Fire ---There is alfo an intermediate Sort, of a yellowifh white Colour, drawn by Expreffion, without Fire.

The Honey left to fland two or three Days, purges itfeif. throwing up a Scum of Wax and other Drofs, which is to be taken off.

Some Naturalids will have the Honey to be of a different Quality according to the Difference of the Flowers or flaws the Bees fuck it from, — Accordingly Strabo relates

that there is a Kind of Honey in 'Pontits, which is a ftrong Poifon ; being procur'd by Bees which feed upon Aconite and Wormwood.

F. Lamberti, in his Account of Mingrelia, aflures us of the contrary ; and affirms it the bed Honey in the World, by reafon of the great Quantity of Bawm growing there. — He adds, that there is another very white Kind of Honey, hard as Sugar, and which does not flick to the Hands.

The Ancients rank'd Sugar and Manna among the Species of Honey. See Sugar and Manna.

Honey has confiderable medicinal Virtues; being reputed a good Detergent and Cleanfcr ; and in that duality ufed both internally and externally, for the Vifcera, Wounds, Ulcers %Sc.

Honey is the Bafis of feveral Competitions in Pharmacy.

Of Honey, with the Addition of Rofes or Violets, Mercu- rialis, &c. is made Mel Rofatum, Mercuriale, i£c.

There is alfo a Mel Scilliticam, or a Preparation of Squilke : Mel 'Paffulatum Violatum, made with Raifins boil'd in hot Water : And Mel Anthofatum, made of Rofe- mary Flowers.

The Chymifls alfo draw a Water, a Spirit, an Oil, ££c. from Honey.

Honey is alfo an Ingredient in feveral Drinks, as Mam t Metheglin, Sic. See Mum, Metfieglin, (gc. _ Wild Honey. S. Jdailman, Abbot of Hit, in his Defcrip- tion of the holy Places, obferves, that in the Place where St. John Saptift liv'd in the Defart, there are Locufls which the poor People boil with Oil, and a Sort of Herbs with large long Leaves, of a Milk Colour, and a Tafle like that of Honey ; and that this is what in Scripture is call'd -xili Honey.

HoNEY-ZJem-, is a fweet-tafled Dew, found early in the Morning on the Leaves of divers Sorts of Plants. See Dew.

Honey-Vows, or Mildews, are of a very different Nature from Bladings, being caus'd by the condenfing of a fat moid Exhalation, rais'd in a hot dry Summer, irom Plants and Bloffoms ; as alfo from the Earth ; which, by the Cool- nefs and Serenity of the Air in the Night, or in the upper clear Region of the Air, is thicken'd into a tat gluey Matter, and falls to the Eatth again ; Part whereof re'fls upon Oak Leaves, and fome other Trees, whofe Leaves are fmooth, and do not cafily admit the Moifture into them.

GaJJendus holds, that a vifcid Juice tranfpiring out of the Leaves, helps to compofe this Honey, or to convert the Dew falling on them into a Honey Subftance, which before had no- thing of it : And hence he accounts for the Reafon why we find it on fome Trees, and not on others.

This Honey-ISew falling on the Ears and Stalks of Wheat, befmears them with a different Colour from the natural ; and being of a clammy Subflance, fb binds up the young, ten- der, and clofe Ears of the Wheat, by the Heat of the Sun, that it prevents the Growth and Compleating of the perfect Grain therein.

A Shower of Rain fucceeding preiently after the Fall thereof, or the Wind blowing ftiffly, are the only natural Remedies againft it.

Honey-Co7J7£, a waxen Struflure, full of Cells, fram'd by the Bees to depofit their Honey, Eggs, (gc. See Cell Wax, Honey, (ge.

The grear Sagacity and Contrivance of the Bees in mak- ing their Combs, have often been admir'd. — Their Labour is diflributed regularly among them ; fometimes thofe Bees that carry the' Wax in their Jaws and Chaps, moiften and mollify it with fome Liquor that they diftil upon it ; the fame fometimes build the Walls of their hexagonal Cells - but fometimes others do it ; but thofe that form the Cells never polifh them. — Others come and make the Angles

more exaft, and clofe and fmooth the Superficies And as

in the doing of this, fome fmall Bits of Wax are pared off, there are fome whofe Bufinefs is to take thefe, that they mav not be loft. ' f

M. Maraldi has alfo obferv'd, that thofe Bees that polifTt the Walls, work longer than thofe that build them ; as if Polifliing were not fo laborious as Building.

They begin their Work at the Top of the Hive, faftening it to the moft folid Part thereof: Thence it defcends down- wards, being continu'd from Top to Bottom, and from one Side to another ; and to make it the more Solid, they ufe a Sort of temper'd Wax that is pretty much like Glue. The Form of rhe Cells, of which the Honey-Comb is made, is hexagonal ; a Figure that, befides what is common with a Square and equilateral Triangle, has the Advantage of in- cluding a greater Space within the fame Surface.

TioN-EY-Comb, in Gunnery, is a Flaw in the Metal of a Piece of Ordnance when it is ill cad, and fpongeous.

HONI Soit §ui Maly <Pen[e, q. d. Boil to him than thinks Evil ; the Motto of the moft noble Order of the Knights of the Garter. See Garter.

HONOR