Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/1003

 HIP

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HIR

Suidas mentions one Rhinton, as the Inventor of thi_ Kind of Poem : Whence it was alfo called Rhhttonic.i fabula. .

HILARY Term. See Term. HILL. See Mountain. HILLOCK. See Mount.

HIN, a Hebrew Meafure, containing the (ixth Part of an Epha ; or one Wine Gallon and two Pints. See Mea- sure, EphA, &c.

HIND, a Female Stag of the third Tear. See Hunting. Hind Calf, a Hart of the firft Tear. See Hunting. Hind Hand, in the Manage. See Hand. HINDENI Homines, antiently fignified a Society of Men j from the Saxon hindene, Societas.

In the Time of our Saxon Anceftors, all Men were ranked into three Claries ; the Lowefl, the Middle, and the Higbejl ; and were valued according to the Clafs they were in ; that in Cafe an Injury were done by any one, Satisfaction might be made according to the Value, or Worth of the Man it was done to.

The Lo-wejl were thofe who were worth ten Pounds, or two hundred Shillings ; call'd Viri ducentini, or Tkvy- liindemen, and their Wives 'T-.vyhinda's.

The Middle were valued at fix hundred Shillings ; and were called Sixhindemen, and their Wives Sixhinda's.

The Higbejl were valued at twelve hundred Shillings ; and were called c J~*ivelvehindimen, and their Wives the "iF-welvehinda's. SeeTwiHiNDi, and Twelvehindi.

HINE, or Hind, in the Saxon Language, fignifies a Servant, or one of the Family : But it is now taken in a more reftrictive Senfe, for a Servant at Husbandry ; \ and the Matter-toe, is he that overfees the retl.

HINGES, in Building, thofe neceffary Irons, by Means whereof Doors, Lids, Folds of Tables, &c. make their Motion, whether of opening, /hutting, or folding, &c. See Door, £?g. The Species of Hinges are many, viz. Bed, Box, Butts, Cafement ; Lancapire, and fmooth-filed ; Calling, Chcrt- black, Lancapire, fmooth-filed, Coach, Deft, Dovetails, Effes, Folding, Garnets, Dozcn-ware-long, Dozcn-ware-fhort, Weighty-long, Weighty-Jhort, Lamb -heads, Port, Side- Lancapire, Side fmooth filed, Side with riling Joynts ; Lancapire, and fmooth filed, Side with Squares, Screw, Scuttle, Shutter; Lancapire, and fmooth filed, Stall, Trunk of fundry Sorts, Joynts ; Lancapire, Dozen-ware with Hooks, Dozen-ware long, Dozen-ware /hurt, Weighty long, Weighty-mort. HIP. See Haunch.

~K.iv-Shot, a Diforder of a Horfe, when he has wrung or fprained his Haunches, or Hips, fo as to relax the Liga- ments, that keep the Bone in its due Place.

The Signs are, that the Horfe will halt much, and go afide long, trailing his Leg after him ; and the Hip which is hurt will be lower than the other ; the Flefh falling away on the Side of his Buttock.

HIPS, in Building, are thofe Pieces of Timber, placed at the Corners of a Roof. See Roof.

The Hips are much longer than the Rafters, by Reafon of their oblique Pofition, and are placed not with a right or fquare Angle, but a very oblique one ; and by Conie- quence are not, at leaft ought to be, fquare at any Angle, as Rafters are not at all, but Level at every one of 'em ; and which is yet more, as Rafters have but four Plains, thefe commonly have five. See Rafter.

They are commonly, by Country Workmen, called Cor- ners : Some call them principal Rafters, and others Sleepers. Indeed, Hips and Sleepers are much the fame ; only the Sleepers lie in the Vallies, and joyn at Top with the Hips ; but thofe Surfaces or Plains, which make the Back of the Hip, are the under Sides of the Sleeper.

The Sacks of a Hip, are thofe two Superficies, or Plains, on the outfidc of the Hip, which lie parallel, both in Refpcft of their Length and Breadth, with the Super- ficies of the adjoyning Side, and End of the Roof.

Hie-Mould, is by fome ufed for the back of the Hip. Others understand it of a Prototype, or Pattern, com- monly made of a Piece of thin Wainfcot ; by which the Back, and the Sides of the Hip are fet out.

Hiv-Roofi among Builders, called alio Italian Roof; is a Roof which has neither Gable Head, nor Shread Head, or Jerkin Head ; which laft, arc both Gable and Hip at the fame End. See Roof.

A Hip-Roof has Rafters as long, and with the Angles at the Foot, (Sc. at the Ends of Building, as it has at the Sides ; and the Feet of the Rafters on the Ends of fuch Buildings as have Hip-Roofs, Hand on the fame Plane, viz parallel with the Horizon, and at the lame Height from the Foundation, with Rafters on the Sides of the Roof. Hu-rtfo. See Tyle.

HIPPEUS, or Equinus, in Phyfiology, a Sort of Comet which fome Writers fuppofe to bear a Rcfemblance to a Horfe.

But the Shape of this Kind of Comet is not always alike ; being fometimes oval, and fometimes imitating a Rhomboides. — So its Train is fometimes fpread from the Front, or Fore-part, and fometimes from the hind Part.

Hence, this Clafs of Comets is diftinguifhed into Equinus Barbaras, Equimis guadrangularis, and Equinus El- lipticus. See Comet.

HIPPIATRICE, the Art of curing the Difeafes of Brutes, and particularly Horfes.

This we rather call the Farrier's. Art. See Farrier.

The Word is compofed of itt©-, Horfe, and 1'ctTf®-, Pbvfician.

HIPPOCENTAUR, in Antiquity, a fabulous Monfter, fuppofed to be half Horfe, and half Man.

What gave Occafion to the Fable, was, a People of Theffaly, inhabiting near Mount Peliou, who became thus denominated, by reafon they were the firft that taught the Art of Mounting on Horfeback ; which occafion'd fome of their Neighbours to imagine that the Horfe and Man made but one Animal. See Horsemanship.

The Hippocentaurs differ'd from the Centaurs, in this, that the latter only rode Bullocks, and the former Horfes, as the Names themfelves intimate. See Centaur.

'Pliny affirms, he had feen a real Hippocentaur at Rome. — On the Medals of Gallian, is reprefented a Cen- taur drawing a Bow, or holding a Globe in the right Hand, and the Helm of a Ship in the left; with this Infcription, APOLLINI CONS. AUG. To Apollo the Confervator of Auguftus. — Triftan confiders both the one and the other, as a Symbol of the Protection Gallian had received from Apollo in his Wars againfl the 'Perflans.

The Word is pure Greek, form'd of iitt®-, Equus, Horfe, and VMiia, pitngo, I prick, fpur, and s=i7f@-, T'aurus, Bull.

HIPPOCRAS, or Hypocras. See Hypocras.

HIPPOCRATES 'S Sleeve, Manica Hippocratis, a Kind of Filter, or ftraiuing Bag, form'd by joyning the oppofite Angles of a fquare Piece of Flannel, in Form of a Pyra- mid ; and ufed to percolate, or ftrain Syrups, Decoctions, i5c. for Clarification. See Filtre, Filtration, &c.

HIPPOCRATICA Fades, See Facies Hippocratica.

HIPPODROME, Hippodromus, in Antiquity, a Lift, or Courfe, wherein their Horfe Races were perfonn'd ; as alfo their Horfes exercifed.

The Word is Greek, compofed of iW©-, Equus, Horfe, and fop.©-, Curfus, of the Verb dVd^fKm, curro, I run.

HIPPOLAPATHUM, in Natural Hiflory, a Species of Lapathum, call'd alfo Monk's Rhubarb. See Rhubarb.

H1PPOMANES, a Sort of Poifon, famous among the Antients as an Ingredient in amorous Philters, or Charms. See Poison, Philter, and Charm.

Naturalitts are not agreed about the Nature of the Hippomanes. — Pliny defcribes it as a blackifh Ca- runcle, found on the Head of a new born Colt ; which the Dam bites off, and eats, affoon as fire is delivered. He adds, that if fhe be prevented herein by any othcts cutting it off before, fire will not take to, nor bring up, the young.

Servius and Columella defcribc it as a poifonous Matter, trickling from the Pudendum of a Mare, when proud, or longing for the Horfe.

At the End of Monf. Sayle's Dictionary, is a very learned Differtation on the Hippomanes ; and all its Vir- tues both real and pretended.

The Word is Greek, iTnrofiayis, compounded of 'nnr& y Equus, Horfe, and jatwa, Furor, Fury, Madnefs.

H1PPOPODES, or Hippopedes, in the antient Geo- graphy, an Appellation given to certain People, fituate on the Banks of the Scythian Sea ; as being fuppofed to have Horfe's Feet.

The Hippopedes are mention'd by Dionyfrns Geogr v. 310. Mela, L. III. C. 6. Pliny, L. IV. C. ;. And St. Auguftiu, de Civit. L. XVI. C. 8. But the Truth is, they had this Appellation given them on Occafion of their Swiftnefs, or Lightnefs of Foot.

The Word is compofed of !u&, Horfe, and »«, Pes, Foot.

HIPPUS, in Medicine, an Affection of the Eyes, wherein they continually ihake and tremble ; and thus reprefent Objefts as if continually fluctuating. See Eye.

It is thus called from the Greek, Iitt®-, Horfe ; in regard the Objects appear to fhift as much as when we are riding. Slanchard.

HIRCUS, in Anatomy, a Part of the Auricle, or outer Ear. See Ear.

The Hircus is that Eminence next the Temples. Sec Auricle.

The Word is Latin, and fignifies Goat.

Hircus, in Aftronomy, a fixed Star; the fame with Capel/a. See Capella.

Hircus,