Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/933

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TROAT, among fportfmen, the cry of a buck in rutting time. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

TROCHING, the fmall branches on the top of a deer's head. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

TROP./EOLUM, in the Linnsean fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants, called by Tournefort cardamindum, and by C. Bauhine najiurtium ihduum.

The characters are thefe : The cup is a deciduous perian- thium, compofed of a fingle leaf, divided into five fegments, erecto- patulous, acute, coloured, and the two lower ones narrower than the reft. The flower confifts of five round ifh petals, inferted into the divifions of the cup ; the two up- per petals are feflile; the fhree others have very long and barbated ungues. The ftnmina are eight fhort, fubulated, declinated, unequal filaments. The antherfe are erect, Ob- long, quadrilocular, and afiurgent. The germen is round- ifh, ftriated, and formed of three lobes. The ftyle is fim- ple, erect, and of the length of the ftamina. The ftigma is trifid and acute. The fruit confifts of three capfules, con- vex, falcated, and ftriated on one fide, and angular on the other. The feeds are three in number, gibbous on one fide, and angulated on the other; but, upon the whole, fomewhat roundifh, and ftriated deeply. Vid, L'xnn&i Gen. Plant, p. 158. See the article Cardamindum, Suppl.

TROPHY (Cycl.) — Trophy^ in architecture, an ornament reprefenting the trunk of a tree, charged or encompafled all round with arms, or military weapons, both oftenftve and defenfive. Build. Diet, in voc.

TROUGH, {CycL) a hollow wooden vefTel for kneading bread in, or to beat apples in for cyder ; alfo a piece of the trunk of a tree made hollow, to feed fwine in, or an open pipe or channel, made of boards, for the conveyance of water. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

TRUE-Zwff, or Herb True-Zoit, the name of a genus of plants, called herba Paris by botanifts. See the article Herb a Paris, Suppl.

TRUG (Cjr/.)— Trug is alfo a country word for a milk- tray, or a hod to carry mortar in.

TRUMPET (Cycl.)— The uuial founds of the trumpet are reprefented by the following mufical notes.

I.2.3.4. 5.6. 7. 8.9.10.11.12.13.14. 15.16. . J,vC

Here the loweft found being denoted by 1, the pitch of the reft, or the number of their refpective vibrations, dur- ing the time that C vibrates once, will be exprefled by the numbers denoting the order of the founds, 2, 3, 4, 5, &c. The founds exprefled by the mufical numbers, that is, by 2, 3, 5 *, and their compofites, which are 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, is, 16, are all perfectly in tune; but the founds ex- prefled by numbers not mufical, as 7, it, 13, 14, are falfe. Three of thefe, viz. B^, its octave, and A, diftinguifhed by/ placed over them, are too flat; and the remaining note F, marked with an S, is too fharp. — [* See Musical num- bers, Suppl. and 'Jppend.']

The reafon of which is, that B b ought to be a tone major "below C ; that is, its pitch to that of C will be as 8 to 9 ; But the proportion given by the trumpet is as 7 to 8 ; which feeing a lefs proportion than that of 8 to 9, it follows, that B h will be too flat. The fame holds true of its octave. And A being a tone minor above G, it ought t6 be to G as 10 to 9 : but in the trumpet, it is to G as 13 to 12 ; which being lefs than the proportion of 10 to 9, it follows, that A will be too flat. On the other hand, F ought to be a femitone major above E ; that is, F ought to be to E, as J.6 to 1 5 : but, in the trumpet, F is to E, as 1 1 to 10 ; which being a greater proportion than that of 16 to 15, it follows that F is too high or too fharp.

This fyftem of trumpet notes is an effectual confutation of thofe who are for introducing 7, rr, 13, and other primes into mufic. "

Tru mp ET-boneyfudle. See the article Honeysuckle, fupra.

TRUNK (Suppl.)— Trukk is alfo ufed for a ftrongcheft, or box, of a roundifh form, at leaft on the upper fide. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

TUBEROSA, a name given by Heifter to a genus of plants, called by Linnaeus polyanthes. See Pol yaKThes, Append.

TVE~iron, in fmithery, the iron through which a fmith's bellows blow. Blanckky, Naval Expof. p. 178.

TUEL, among fportfmen, denotes the fundament of a,horfe, or wild beaft. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

TULIP [Suppl.) — African Tulip, or Cape Tulip, names ufed by fome for the htsmanthus, a diftinct genus of plants. See the article Hjemanthus, Suppl

TvLip-tree, the Englilh name of a genus of trees, called by botanifts tulipifera, and liriodendrum. See the article LlRIO- DENDRUM, Suppl.

Laurel-leaved TuLiP-tree, a name fomet'imes given to the magnolia of botanical writers. See the article Magnolia* Suppl. TUMPING, the making a kind of fence in the field's, by fetting trees almoft on the furface of the ground, and co- vering their roots with mould. Ruft. Diet, in voc. , TVN-hoof, a name fometimes ufed for ground-ivy. See the

article Ivy, Suppl. and Jppend. TURBITH, in botany, a name ufed by many for the tbapfia^

or deadly carrot. See the article Thapsia, Suppl. Mineral Tu rbit h (Cycl.) — We read of this preparation's be- ing given to the quantity of ten grains, with the fame quantity of camphor, and fifteen grains of the pilul. ex duob. to remove the fwelling of the tefticles. This me- dicine, which in the beginning vomited and purged, at laft operated chiefly as an alterative. It is faid to be fuccefsful in obftinate venereal and fcrophulous diforders. See Medic. EfT. Edinb. Vol. IV. art. 4.

TURCOIS (Cycl.)— This gem has many virtues attributed to it; but all that we know of it at prefent is, that, like other bodies which contain copper, it is a violent emetic, and not at all fit to be received into practice.

Turcois colour, the pale blue of the natural turcois gem. This is a very favourite colour in the glafs trade, and is given to glafs in the following manner. Firft calcine com- mon fea-falt, and beat it to a fine powder; then make a pot of the fea-green glafs, of a fair and full colour: to this, when in fufion, throw in at times the powder of fait, till the mafs has loft all its tranfparence, and is become paler and opake; then add, by very fmall quantities at a time, more and more fait, till the colour is exactly that of the torcois gem ; and when it is fo work it immediately, for the fait is foon burnt off, and the glafs becomes tranfparent, and of its green colour. If it become tranfparent while working, more fait muft be thrown in, and that will reduce it to the fame opacity again. Neri'.s Art of Glafs, p. 57.

Turcois enamel, an enamel exactly of the colour of the tor- r«V gem, and very much refembling it in many refpects. It is made in the following manner : Take of the common matter of enamels fix pounds, melt it, refine it, and caft it into the furnace again; when it is melted and refined put in, of thrice-calcined brafs three ounces, zafter prepared ninety- fix grains, wherewith mix well forty-eight grains of man- ganefe ; mix thefe well, and put them into the matter at four times; let the whole incorporate, and afterwards take a proof to fee if it be right, or if it require more of any of the powders. Neri's Art of Glafs, p. 149.

TURK's cap, a name ufed by fome for a fpecies of Hlly. See the article Lilium, Suppl.

Turk's head, a name fometimes ufed for the cadus, a diftimft genus of plants. See the article Cactus, Append.

TURKY-Zww*. See the article Baum, fupra.

TuRKY-i^wr, a name fometimes given to maiz, or yucca. See the articles Yucca and Maiz, Suppl. '

TUR.NEP (Suppl.) — French Turnep,. the name hy wbiph fome call the napus of botanical writers. See the article Napus, Suppl.

TufLtstv-cabbage, in botany. See the articles Brassica and Cabbage, Suppl.

TURTLE-./^//, (Suppl.) is alfo the name of feveral fpecies, of the tejludo, or tortoife. See the article Tes'tudo, Sup* plement.

TUSK (Cycl.) — Tusk, in carpentry, a bevel fhoulder, made to ftrengthen the iron of the joift, which is let into the girder. Build. Diet, in voc.

TWITCH-grafsy the fame with quick-grafs, a weed very hurt- ful to the farmers. Ruft. Diet, in voc,

TWYBLADE, a name ufed by fome for the ophris of bota- nical writers. See the article Ophris, Suppl.

TYPH-^W, a kind of cora very like rhye. Ruft, Dia. in voc.

Append, Vol. IL

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