Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/918

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SEN

SARFE, the Englifh name of a fpecies of eyprinus, with the iris of the eye, and all the fins and tail red. See Cyprinus,

Suppl.

It is otherwife called erythrophthahnus, or the red-eye. See the article Erythrophthalmus, Suppl. SASSAFRAS-^f, in botany, the names of a fpecies of laurus, according to Linnzeus, with undivided and trilobate leaves. See Laurus, Append.

It is a native of America, and called by C. Bauhine, fiijfa- fras arbor ficidneo folio.

The bark of this tree is an excellent diaphoretic and attenu- ant, the' wood is alfo in much efteem. See Sassafras, Cyd. and Suppl. SATTIN (Cyd.) — JVhite Sattin, in botany, a name given

by fome to the lunarta. See the article Lunaria, Suppl. SATYRIUM, in the linnsean fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants, thecharaeters of which are thefe : the cup is formed of vague fpatha;. There is no perianthium. The flower confifts of five ovato-oblong petals. The nectarium is monophyllous. The ftamina are very fhort and flender fila- ments; the anthefje are ovated ; the'germen of the piftil is contorted ; the ftyle is very fhort ; and theftigmacomprefied and obtufe. The fruit is an oblong capfule, containing one cell; in which are numerous, very fmall feeds, like faw- duft. Linnai Gen. Plant, p. 432.

This genus is called orchis or tr ago- orchis by other botanifts. See the article Orchis, Suppl. SAXJCJL-ahne, a name fbmetimes ufed for the he/peris of bota- nifts. See the article Hesperis, Suppl. SAVIN (Suppl.) — Indian Savin, the name of a genus of plants, defcribed by Linnaeus under that of bauhinia. See the article Bauhinia, Suppl. SA'W-wort, in botany, tbeEngliih name of a genus of plants, known among botanifts by that of jlrt -alula. See the article Serratula, Suppl. SAXIFRAGE (Suppl.)— P/w^?r»<?/- Saxifrage, or burnet- Saxifrage, names ufed for the tragofdinum of botanical writers. Seethe articleTRAGOSELiKUM, Suppl. SGALD, a burn caufed by fome boiling liquor. See the arti- cle. Burn, Suppl. SCALE — differential Scale, is ufed for the fcale of relation

fubtracted from unity. See Series, Append. Scale of relation,, in algebra, an expreffion denoting the relation of the terms of recurring feries to each other. See the article Series, Append. SCALLOP, in conchyliology, the Englifh name of the peSlen.

See the article Pecten, Suppl. SCAMMONY (Cyd.)~ Scammonia, in botany, the name ufed in the ihops and among medicinal writers for a fpecies of bind-weed. See the article Convolvulus, Suppl. SCAKE-crow, the Englifh name of a bird of the, larus, or gull kind, with grey wings, red legs, and the reft of the body black. Seethe article Larus, Suppl. SCARLET' lychnis, in botany, the name of a fpecies of lychnis.

See the article Lychnis, Suppl. Scarlet cardinals fewer, the name of a fpecies of rapuntium.

See the article Rapuntium, Suppl. Scarlet oak, the Englifh name of a fpecies of ilex, called by

antient writers fmilax. See the article Ilex, Suppl. SCAVEhfpitter, denotes a fmall fpade, fhod only halfway, and ufed in digging clay. Blanckley, Naval Expofitor, p. . 142. SCELASIUS, in zoology, the name by which Dr. Hill has called a genus of animalcules with vifible legs. It is common in ditch-water, and is lefs quick in its motions than moft other animalcules. Hill, Hift. Anim. p. 10. SCIATICA (Cyd.) See the article Gout, Cyd. and Suppl. Sci at ic a- crefs, a name by which fome call the cardamine,

or ladies fmock. See the article Cardamine, Suppl. SciATicA-crefs is alfo a name fometimes given to a fpecies of

hpidium, or dittantler. See the article Lepidium, Suppl. SCILLA, fquill; in the linna^an fyftem of botany, the name of a diftinct genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe; there is no cup; the flower confifts of fix oval, deci- duous, and very patent petals : the ftamina are fix fubulated filaments, of half the length of the flower; the anthers are oblong, and incumbent, the germen of the piftil is round- ifli; the ftyle is fimple, of the length of the ftamina, and deciduous; the ftigma is fimple : the fruit is a fmooth cap- fule, of a fuboval figure, marked with three furrows, form- ed of three valves, and containing three cells: the feeds are numerous and roundifli.

This genus comprehends the liliohyacinthus, and the hyacin- thusjlellaris of other botanical writers; and is reckoned only a fpecies of ' omithcgalum by Tournefort, Vid. Linn<zi Gen. Plant, p. 145. SCORCHING ferktl. See Fennel, fupra. SCORDIUM, in botany, the name by which fome call the teucrium of other botanical writers. See the article Teu- crium, Suppl. SCOKFION-m/fttf, the Englifh name of a fpecies of acarus,

called by fome Araneus coccineus. See Acarus, Append. Scorpion-^//, the Englifh name of a fpecies ofmurex, other- wife called the fpider-Jbeli. See the article Murex, Suppl. %

IFater-ScoTLPioa, the Englifh name of a genus of four winged flies, called by authors nepa. See the article Nep a, Append. ScoRPioN-jjrff/j-, the Englifh name of a genus of plants, call- ed by botanifts fcorpioides. See the article Scorpioides, Suppl. Scorpion-/^*?. See the article Sena, infra. SCORPIURUS, in the linmean fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants, called by Tournefort fcorpioides, and in Englifh forpion-grafs. Seethe article Scorpioides, Suppl. SCOURINGS, among farriers, firch gentle. purges as preferve

horfes from noxious humours. Vid. Ruft. Diet, in voc. SCREEN, an iniirument for keeping off the wind, or the heat *

of the' fire. Screen is alfo ufed for a frame of laths to fit earth, fand, gra- vel, 2cc. Screen likewife denotes a wire frame for feparating of corn

from duft, fand, cockle, &c. Diet. Ruft. in voc. i SCRUPL^ in natural hiftory, the name of a clafs of foifils, formed in detached mafles, without anycrufts; of no de- terminate figure, or regular ftrucUire; and compofed of 'a cryftalline or fparry matter, debafed by an admixture of earth-. ' in various proportions.

Under this clafs are comprehended, 1. The tdaugla. 2.The ■ petridia. 3. The Lithczugia. 4. The Jafpides, or Jafpers. See the articles Telaugia, Petridia, &c. Append. All thefe genera ftrike fire with fteel, only fome more rea- dily than others. Vid. Hill, Hift. Foff. p. 546, feq. SCRY, in falconry, denotes a great flock of fowl. Ruft. Diet.

in voc. SCULL-ctfjS, a name fometimes given to a genus of plants, called fcutellaria or cajfida by botanifts. See the article Cas- sida, Suppl. SCUT, among fportfmen, a term ufed for the tail of a hare or

rabbit. Diet. Ruft. in voc. SKA-apple, or Sz.A~egg, the Englifh name of the roundifli Centronia, with crooked and fafcieulated fpines: See the ar- ticle Centronia, Append. SEA-dragon, the Englifh name of the cottus, with the fecond

back-fin white. See the article Cottus, Suppl. SEA-eagh, aquila marina, the Englifh name of the raja, with along ferrated fpine on a finny tail. See the articles Raja, andAquiLA marina, Suppl. SEA-hare, in the hiftory of infects, the Englifh name of the

lernea. SeetbearticleLERNEA, Append. SiEA-horfe, a name fometimes, though improperly, given to the Hippopotamus, orriver-horfe. Seethe article Hippopota- mus, Suppl. SEA-lungs, in the hiftory of infects, the Englifh name of a fpe-

cies of medufa. See the article Medusa, Append. SEA-moufe, in the hiftory of in feels, the Englifh name of the

aphrod'ita. See the article Aphrodita, Append. SEA-nettle, in zoology, a name improperly given to the medu- fa, a genus of naked-bodied infects. See the article Me- dusa, Append. Se A-pcar eh, perca marina, in ichthyology. See the articlePERCA

marina, Suppl. SEA-Jerpent, frpens marinus, the Englifh name of the cylin- Aiizmurisna, with the tail naked and acute. See the articles Serpent and MuRiENA, Suppl. SEA-tvater. See the article Water, Append. SEA-worms, See the article Worms of the fea, Append. SEAL (Suppl.) — Ladies Seal, in botany, the name by which fome call the tamnus, a diftinct genus of plants. SeeTAMNUS, Suppl. Solomons Seal, the Englifh name of a diftinct genus of plants, called by authors polygonatum. See the article Po- lygonatum, Suppl. SEAMS, or Seyms, in horfes, certain clefts in their quarters, occafioned by the drinefs of the foot, or by riding upon hard ground. Ruft. Diet, in voc. SEAN, a kind of long and large net. Ruft. Diet, in voc. SECRETION (Suppl.) — It is the opinion of feveral authors that TtWfecretian is performed by glands, but this feems very doubtful, not to fay falfe. SEELING (Suppl.) — Seeling, in falconry, is the running a thread through the eye-lids of a hawk, when firft taken, to make her endure the head the better. Ruft. Diet, in voc. SELANDERS, in horfes, the fame with the malanders. See

the article Malanders, Cyd. SELF-/W, a name by which the prunella or brunella of bo- tanifts is fometimes called. See the article Prunella, Suppl. Self -heal is alfo a name given to fanicle, on account of its great efficacy in healing frefh wounds, flopping fluxes and the gonorrhoea. Ruft. Diet, in voc. Sanicle. SELINUM, a name given by fome to a fpecies of fium. See

the article Sium, Suppl. SEMENDA, in ornithology, a fpecies of birds found in the inland parts of the Eaft-Indies. Scaliger makes no doubt but it is the fame with the phoenix, Hofm. Lex. in voc. See the article Phoenix, Cyd. SENA (Suppl.)— This genus of plants is comprehended by Linmnu under the cajfia. See Cassia, Suppl and Append.

Bajlard