Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/879

 LEP

LEEK (Suppl. ) — Hsufc-Lzzk, the Englifh name oF a genus of plants, called by botanical writers Sedum. See the article Sepum, Suppl,

.LEMNA, Duckweed, in the Linnsean fyftem of botany, ,the name of a genus of plants, called by others Lekticul a and Hydrophace.

The characters of it are thefe : It produces diftinct herma- phrodite and female flowers on the fame plant. In the her- maphrodite flowers the cup is monophyllous, of a roundifh figure, and opens fidewife ; it is dilated obliquely outwards, and is large, expanded, obtufe, and not divided at the edges. There is no corolla ; but in this calyx there Hands two Tubu- lated, crooked filaments, of the length of the cup, and on thefe double globofe antherse. In the female flower there is no corolla ; the calyx is the fame as in the other. The ger- men of the piftil is of an oval form ; the ftyle is fhort and permanent, the ffigma Ample. The fruit is a rounded cap- fule, but terminating in a point, and contains only a lingle cavity; in which are lodged a i'mall number of feeds, of an oblong figure, pointed at each end, and ftriated on one fide. Vid. lArinai Gen. Plant, p. 508-

The fpecies of Lemna enumerated by authors are thefe. 1, The roundifh leaved, uncle rooted Duck-weed. 2. The An- gle rooted Lemna, with oblong leaves. 3. The many rooted, broad, oval leaved Duck-weed. 4. The fingle rooted, oval leaved Lemna. 5. The oval leaved Lemna with no root. 6. The ramofe, pediculated Lemna, with oblong leaves. Vid. Hill's Hilt. Plant, p. 128.

Befides thefe fix diltincl: fpecies of L?nma, there are two vari- eties that may eafily be miftaken for diftinct fpecies alfo : thefe are a very fmall, oblong, and thick leaved kind ; and a larger, roundifh, and thin leaved one.

The common Lemna is recommended, as a refrigerant, and reftringent ; and Bates tells us of a wonderful cure performed by an infulion of it in wine, in an obftinate jaundice. Id. ibid. p. 130.

LEMON-rrtv, Lhnon, in botany. See the article Limon, Suppl

The culture of the Lemon-tree is much the fame with that of the Orange-tree. See the article Orange, Suppl. However, it is proper to obferve, that the common Lemons are fomewhat hardier than the orange, and require a greater fhare of frefh air in winter, for which reafon they fhould be placed nearer to the doors or windows of the green-houfe. Another difference likewife deferves to be mentioned ; and that is, that the Lemons require to be more plentifully water- ed than the orange. But as to the tender kinds of Lemons, they rauft be treated with more care. Miller, Gard. Di£t.

Water- Lemon, a name fometimes given to the Granadilla, or paffion flower. See the article Granadilla, Suppl.

LENTIL, in botany, the Eriglifh name of a diftindr, genus of plants, called by botanical writers, Lens. See the article Lens, Suppl.

Lentils make excellent fweet fodder ; and are therefore to be preferred to all other kinds for calves and other young cattle. They likewife are the belt as well as cheapeft food for pid- geons. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

Peruvian-~LENT\SK., the name fometimes given to the Molle of botanical authors. See the anicle Molle, Suppl.

LEOPARD, in zoology, the Englifh name of the long-tailed Felts, with the upper fpots round, and the lower ones vi.r- gated. See the article Felis, Suppl.

LEPRAS, in ichthyography. S*ee the article Turdus, Suppl.

LEPROSY (Cyd.) — The lefier degrees of Leprofy are fre- quently confounded with the fcurvy, and even irch ; from which, however, it may he diitinguifhed by the hardnefs of the fkin in one or more parts of the body, attended with a dry fcurf, fometimes oozing pultules, or dry fcabs, and al- ways with fome degree of itching ; whereas the true fcorbutic fpots are of a livid colour, not commonly fcurfy or raifed a- bove the fkin, and are attended with manifeft ligns of a lax ftate of the fibres, and corruption of the blood. For a real ("curvy imports a flow, but general refolution or putrefaction of the whole frame ; whereas the fcabies, impetigo, or le- profy may he found to affect thofe of a very different cpnfti- tution. Pringle, Obferv. on Difeaf. of the Army, p. 306. This diforder is fo far from being curable by externals only, ■that it is fometimes dangerous to attempt to remove the fcurfs of leprous people in that manner. On the contrary, it is ne- cefTary to change the humours, by a fpare diet, excrcife, alter- ative mercurials, or frequent purges of the faline kind. Id. ibid.

Dr. Mead recommends the Tincture of Cantharides in this diffemper. De morbis biblicis.

LEPTURA, in the hiftory of infects, the name of a genus of <four-winged flies, the antennae of which are oblong, flender, and fetaceous ; the exterior wings are truncated at their ex- tremity, and the thorax is of a iubcylindric figure. Hill, Hift. Anim. p. 46.

Thefe flies have been, by the generality of authors, reckoned among the beetles. See the article Scarabjeus, Suppl.

LEPTURUS, the name is of Greek origin, and is form'd of the Ais-T^ flender, and oupa a tail ; exprefling that this fifh has a very long and flender tail.

L I F

LEPtJS Marines, a name ufed by many authors for the Lint's. See the article Lernea, Append.

LERNEA, in zoology, the name of a genus of naked infe£ts. Its body is of an oblong,' cylindric figure, from one to two inches long ; and is perforated in the forehead J the tentacula refemble ears.

Jt is found on rocks wafhed by the fea, and even on the fides of the bream, carp, and roach, in many of our ponds and rivers.

Authors have called it Lfpus marinus, the fea-hare ; of which they enumerate a great many fpecies. Hill, Hift. Anim. p. 88.

LESSES, a term ufed by fportfmen for the dung of a wild boar, bear, or wolf. Ruft. Di£t. in voc.

LETTUCE — (Suppl.) Lamb's Lettuce, in botany; the name of a genus of plants, called by botaiiilts ^'alerianella. See thearticle Valeriane-Lla, Suppl.

«PV&?-LetTUC;R, a name fometimes given to the Prcnanthes. a diftin£t genus of plants. See the article Prenanthes, Suppl.

LUlJiiO-Narcijfo-lirron, a name ufed by f/ibel. for the plant called by Linnteus Galamhut, and comprehended by Tournefort among the Narcijfo-Lcucoiumsi See the article Narcisso- Leucoium, Suppl.'

LEUCOIUM bulbofum, a name fometimes given to a fpecies of Narcijfo-Leuccium, according to Tourpefort, but made a di- ftinct genus by Linnaeus, under the name Galanthus. See the article N AViClsso-Leumum, Suppl.

LEUCORHOEA. See thearticle Floor JttOo, Suppl.

LIBELLULAj in zoology, the name of a genus of two winged flies, the mouth of which is furnifhed with jaws, the antennae fhort, and the tail terminated by a kind of forceps. The fpecies of this genus are very numerous, ibme carrying their wings erect when they fit, and others horizonrally. Vid. Hill, Hiif. Anim. p. 73. '

LICE of trees. See the article Aphis, Append.

L[1'E( Suppl. )—AmmitylforLiTE. Di.Halley'sTableof the values annuities for lives for different ages, lnferted in the Cyclopae- dia, under ANNUITY, was computed at a high rate of in- tereft, and coincides nearly with Mr. De Moivre's Tables at 6 per Cent j but as intereft is now much fallen, it may be proper here to fhew the values oi' fuch Annuities, when inte- reft is eftimated at 3, 3 {, 4, and 5 per Cent.

Value of an Annuity for life of 1 £. Intereft being, Age \lperCt. \^ k ,perC. l^perCt. \5ftrCt.

5 and 10

8, 11

7. I2

'3

6, 14

J5

16

5. »7

18

19 4, 2°

29 3° . 3 1 32 33 3.4

3 6 37 38 • 39 40

4 1 42

43 44 45 46

4 Z 48

49 5° 5« 52

53 54 55

19. 87

! 9- 74 19. 60

19- 47 '9- 33 19. 19 19. 05 18. 90 18. 76 18. 61 18. 46 18. 3c 18. 15 17. 99 17- 83

yi-

17. 50

16. 62

16. 44 16. 25 16. 06

15. 86

15. 67

15. 46

15. 26

15. 05

14. S 4

14- 63

14. 41

14. 19

13. 96

"3- 73

'3- 49

13. 2 j

13. 01

12. 76

12. 51

12. 26

12. oc.

«• 73

11. 40

11. 18

27

r<

88

16

16

79

05

16

64

94

16

60

82

16

50

7 1

16

41

59

16

3f

46

16

21

33

16

10

21

'5

99

99

'5

89

96



78

33


 * 5-

67

69

'j-

55

56

'5-

43

4 2

>5-

3'

2S

15-

'9

'3

15.

04-

]

9jj

H.-

94

1

83

14.

81

1

68.

14.

OS

i

53

14.

54

1

37

14.

4 :

l

21

14.

2.7

1

°5

■4-

12

89

'3-

98

1

"1

i3-

82

1

52

13-

67

1

34

13-

52

1

16

'3-

?6

1

98

r 3-

2Q

1

79

'3-

02

1

59

12.

§5

1

4c

12.

68

1

20

12.

50 32

1

99

12.

1

78

12.

13

1

57

11.

94

1

36

11.

74

j

H

11.

S4

1

9 2

11.

34

1

by

11.


 * B

1

45

10.

9 1

20

10.

70

95

10.

47

69J

10.

H

14. 60

■4- 53 14. 47

14. 41

r 4- 34 14. 27 14. 20 14. 12 14. 05

f* 97 ,3. 89 13.. 81

'3- 72 1 j, 64

'3- 55

13. 46

'3' 37 13. 28

13- .18 13. 09 12. 99 12. 88 12. 78 12. 67, 12. 56 12. 45

12- 33 12. 21 12. 09 11. 96

83

11. 7d n. 57

ii- 43 11. 29 11. 14 10. 99

10. 84 10. 68 10. 51 l6 - 35 ■7

99 82

63

4f

Age