Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/861

 G R E

G U A

Dogs-tail Grass, the Englifh name of a diftinct genus *of plants called by authors -tyftofitrus. Seethe article Cynosur us. Suppl

Fox-tail Grass, the Englifh name of a diftmct. genus of plants known among botanifts under that of alopecarus. See the ar- ticle Alopecurus, Suppl.

JT«(?/-Grass, a name given to feveral diftinct genera of plants. See the articles Polygonum and Paronychia, Suppl.

Love-GRAss, a name fome times given to a fpecies of bri~ za t a diftin£t genus of plants. See the article Briza, Suppl.

MeadeWrGvLAsS) the Englifh name of a diftin£t genus of plants called by authors pea. See the article Poa, Suppl.

Hard Meadow-GR ass, a name fometimes given to a fpecies of the eynofur us, or dog's-tail grafs. See the article Cynosurus, Suppl.

JW/V/e/- Grass, in botany. See the article Milium, Suppl.

Otf /-Grass, m botany, a name by which fome call a fpecies of fefiuca. See the article FestucA, Suppl.

BuJh-oat-GRAss, or tall eat-GRAss, names given to a diftinct genus of plants, called by botanifts bromus. See the article Bromus, Suppl.

Qiiaking Grass, gra?nen tremulum, the name by which fome call a fpecies of briza. See the article Briza, Suppl.

Grass of Pamajfus, the Englifh name of a diftincfc genus of plants called by authors Pamaffia. See the article Parnas- sia, Suppl.

Puddhig-GRASS, a name fometimes given to the pulegium, or penny-royal, a fpecies of mint. See the articles Menthra and Mint, Suppl.

Rattle-GRAssy a name fometimes ufed for the pedicularis, or loufe-wort. See the article Pedicularis, Suppl.

Scorpisn-GRAss, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by botanifts fcorpioides. See the article Scorpioides, Suppl.

Shave-GRASs the name ufed by fome writers for the equifetum of botanifts. See the article Equisetum, Suppl.

5/7a--Grass, a name by which fome call two very different ge- nufles of plants, the aloe and dogVbane. See the articles Aloe and TioG's-bane, Suppl.

Swerd-G&Ass, a name fometimes given to the gladiolus of bo- tanifts. Ruft. Di£t. in voc.

Tt^zV-Grass, or three-leaved Grass, a diftinct. genus of plants. See the article Trefoil, Suppl.

Vetch-GRASS, the Englifh name of a diftincl: genus of plants called by authors nijfolia. See the article Nissolia, Suppl.

Viper's Grass, a name by which fome call the fcorzonera of botanical writers. See the article Scorzonera, Suppl.

GRAVING, in the fea language, is the bringing a fhip a-ground, and then burning off with furze, reed, or broom, all the filth and foulnefs that fticks to her bottom without-board, in order to pay her new. Blandley y Nav. Exp. p. 67.

GRAVITY (Cyd.) — To determine the fpecific gravity of bo- dies accurately, requires fo much care, and is liable to fo many difficulties, that we aeed not be furprized when we find authors differing from one another. The lateft we have on this fubje£t, and the beft, is Dr. Richard Davies, in the Philof. Tranfa£t. N". 488. This gentleman has with great pains and judgment colle£ted all the experiments of this kind, that have been made by the moft accurate authors, fhew- ino- how widely they difagree, and pointing out the caufes of their differences : and he has alfo given us the fpecific gra- vities of feveral fubftances from his ownobfervations; to which we refer the curious.

GRAY, the Englifh name of a fpecies of duck, otherwife called gadwall. See the article Gadwall, Suppl.

GRAYMILL, in botany, a name fometimes given to the litbofpermum of authors, more ufually called gromwell. See the article Lithospermum, Suppl.

GREEN (Suppl.) — Saxon Green, an extremely beautiful green colour, the procefs of dying which is this : the cloth or filk is firft to be dyed a Saxon blue, in the following manner ; having ground nine parts of indigo with twenty of red arfenic into a fine powder, add forty-eight parts of ftrong fpirit of vi- triol ; which mixture fwells, grows hot, and emits a fulphu- reous fmell. After ftanding in a moderate warmth for twenty- four hours, pour off the liquid part, which will be of an ex- tremely deep blue. A fmall quantity of this liquor, dropt into hot water, inftantly fprcads, tinges it of a fine light blue, and fits it for dying the prepared wool, cloth, or filk ; and, by increafmg or diminifhing the proportion of the blue com- polition, the colour may be rendered deeper or lighter. The cloth or filk, thus dyed blue, is next to be dipt in the yellow decoction of weld or fuftic, and the defired colour will be obtained,

Or the fubject may be died green at one operation, by boil- ing it for a little time in a mixture of the blue and yellow liquors.

, By thus combining any blue and yellow dyes, in different

proportions, all the ftuules of green may be produced, from

the bluifh green of the cabbage-leaf to the greenifh yellow of

the olive.

7£V»/i7--GREEN, the name of a diftincl: genus of plants called

by authors pyrola. See the article Pyrola, Suppl. Green-_/W/.>, the Englifh name of a fpecies oi'fringilla, which has a ftrong tinge of green diftuied over all its body ; the Append.

wings and tail are black, but both variegated with a beauti- ful yellow. See the article Fringilla, Suppl.

GREENS, in diet. It is to beobferved, that greens as well as fruit are but a flatulent diet, and therefore ought to be eaten with moderation in bilious difbrders. However, on account of their antifeptic quality, they are efteemed good for prevent- ing putrid and contagious difcafes. Pringk, Obferv. on the Difcafes of the Army, p. 210, 20,4.

GREY, or Gray, in zoology. See the article Gray, Suppl.

Grey fly, the name of a fpecies of two-winged flies, called by zoologirts cejlrimi. See the article CEstrum, Suppl.

GRICE, a term ufed by country people for a young wild boar. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

GRIG, in ichthyology, a name frequently ufed for the fand-eel or ammodytes. See the article Ammodytes, Suppl.

GRIPES, in the dyfentery. See the article Dysentery.

GRISLEY feeds, among herbahfrs, denote thin, flat fkinny feeds. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

GROATS, a term ufed in many parts of the kingdom for cull- ed oats or oat-meal only half ground. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

GROOVE (Suppl.) — Groove, or Grove, among joiners, denotes the channel that is made by their plough in the ed^e of a moulding, rtyle, or rail.

Groove alfo denotes a gardener's tool for tranfplanting flowers. Diet. Ruft. in voc.

GROTTO (Cyd. and Suppl.) — A clement for artificial grottos may be made thus : take two parts of white rofui, melt it clear, and add to it four parts of bees wax ; when melted to- gether add two or three parts of the powder of the llonc you defign to ca^ment, or fo much as will give the cxment the co- lour of the ftone ; to this add one part of flower of fulphur: incorporate all together over a gentle fire, and afterwards knead them with your hands in warm water. With this ce- ment the ftones, fhells, &c. after being well dried before the fire, may be csemented. Smith's Laboratory, p. 169. Artificial red coral branches, for the embellifhmrnt of grottos^ may be made in the following manner: take clear rofm, dif- folve it in a brafs pan ; to every ounce of which add two drams of the fineft vermillion : when you have ftirred them well together, and have chofen your twigs and branches, peeled and dried, take a pencil and paint the branches all over whilft the eompofition is warm ; afterwards fbape them in imitation of natural coral. This done, hold the branches over a gentle coal-fire, till all is fmooth and even as if po- Hfhed.

In the fame manner white coral may be prepared with white lead, and black coral with lamp-black. A grotto may be built with little expence of glafs, cinders, pebbles, pieces of large flint, fhells, mois, ftones, counter- feit coral, pieces of chalk, &c. all bound or cemented to- gether with the above defcribed csement.

GROUND-ji;V, in botany. See the article Chamjepytis, Suppl.

Stinking Ground-^'kc, the name by which fome call the poly- cnemum and camphorata of botanical writers. See the articles Polycnemum, Append, and Camphorata, Suppl.

Ground-wc?'wi, in the hiftory of infects. See the articles Worm and Earth-uwot, Suppl.

GROUNSEL, fenecip, m botany, See the article, Senecio, Suppl.

African Grounsel, a name fometimes given to a genus of plants called by Linnasus kUinia. See the article Kleinia, Append.

GROWSE, in ornithology. See the article Grouse, Suppl.

GRUB-tf#, or Grubbage, among gardeners, &c. a tool for grubbing up the roots of trees, weeds, ■&£. Ruft. Diet, in voc. See Grubbi-nGj Suppl.

GUABANI, in botany, the n3me of a delicate fruit of the Weft-Indies, cooling and of a fweet tafte : it is about two hands breadth long, and has a white delicious pulp, containing a number of hard kernels or feeds.

GUAIACAN, in botany, a name by which fome authors have called the tree whofe wood is the lignum vita, or guaiacum of the fhops.

GUAJABARA, the fea-fide-grape, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe: the flower is of the rofaceous kind, confifting of fix petals ; in the center arifes the polntal, which afterwards becomes a pulpy fruit, inclof- ing one roundifh ftone terminating in a point. The fpecies of guajabara are thefe, 1. The fa -fide-grape, with oblong leaves. 2. The common fea-fide-grape, with roundifh leaves. 3. The fea- fide-grape, with very broad leaves. 4. The fea-fide-grape, with fmaller and longer leaves.

All thefe forts* which are natives of the Weft-Indies, muft be propagated by feeds, fown in pots of light rich earth, and plunged into an hot-bed cf tanner's bark: the plant muft conftantly remain in a ftove, being too tender to live in the open air, even in our warmeft weather ; only in fummer they may be frequently refrefhed with water, and have frefh air ad- mitted to them. Miller % Gard. Diet, in voc.

GUANA, in zoology, a fpecies of lizard, otherwiie called igua- na. See the article Iguana, Suppl.

M GUARANTY,