Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/860

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Glcbe#, in ichthyology, the name by which many fpecies of the ojiradon are called in Englifh. See the article Ostra- cion, SuppL

GLQBE-Jiower, or Ghc$x-bottIe y names fometimes given to the cyanus, or blue-bottle. See the article Cyanus, SuppL

GLORZ-thi/tfe, in botany, the Englifh name of the echinopus. Seethe article Echinopus, SuppL

GLORIOSA, fuperb lilly, in botany, the name of a diftinct genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : there is no cup : the flower confifh of fix oblong, lanceolated, undulat- ed, and everyway long petals, reflex nearly to the bafe ; the ftamina are fix fubulated filaments, patulous and fhortef than the petals of the flower ; the anthers are incumbent ; the germeri of the'^itlTl is globofe ; the ftyle is filiform, in- clined, and longer than the ftamina ; the ftigma is ample and obtufe ; the fruit is an oval pellucid capfule, confining of three valves, and containing three cells ; the feeds are numerous, globofe, and difpofed in a double feries. Linnm Gen. Plant, p. 144.

Toumefort, in the Memoirs of the. Academy of Sciences, has called this genus meihonica. Id. ibid.

GLUE (SuppL) — Bees Glue, a name ufed by fome for crude or -rough wax. See the article Wax, SuppL

GLUT, among falconers, denotes the flimy fubftance that lies in a hawk's paunel. Diet: Ruit. in voc.

GLUTTON, guh, in zoology, a name fometimes given to the reddiih brown muflela, with the middle of its back black. Seethe article Mustela, SuppL

GNOMONIC (Cycl.) — Gnomonic, or Gnomorical pro- jeclion, that which reprefents the circles of an hemifphere, upon a plane touching it in the vertex, by lines or rays from the center of the hemifphere to all the points of the circles to be projected.

In this projection all the great circles of the fphere are pro- jected into right lines. Any lefTer circle parallel to the plane of projection is projected into a circle. And any lefTer circle not parallel to the plane of projection, is projected into a conic lection.

The gnomonic projection is alfo called the horologiographic pro- jecl'icn, becaufe it is the foundation of dialling. In other re- fpedts it is not much ufed, becaufe the circles of the fphere are projected into conic lections, which are difficult to de- fcribe. ' However this projection has its conveniencies in the folution offome problems of the fphere, on account of the great circles being all projected into right' lines. Mr. Emerfon, known by an ingenious treatife upon Fluxions, has given the theory and practice of the gnomonic projection, in his Treatife on the -Projection of the Sphere, Lond. 1749, octavo. . See alfo Mr. Murdoch's Newtont Genefis Curvarum per Umbras, p. 46, feq.

GOAT's rue, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors gahga. See (he article Galega, SuppL

Goat's Jlones, in botany, a name fometimes given to the orchis of botanical writers. See the article Orchis, SuppL

GODWIT, in zoology, the Englifh name of the <zgocepha~ lus. See the article /Eoocephalus, SuppL

Godwit, in ornithology, the Englifh name of a fpecies of tringa. See the article Tringa, SuppL

GOLD ofpleafurc, in botany, a term by which fome call the myagrum of botanical authors. See the article Mvacrum,

s w-. ., ;.'.'.

GoLD-foicb, in ornithology, the name of a fpecies Qifrmgma. See the article Frikgilla, SuppL

It is fmaller than the common fparrow, but of a more ele- gant form ; its colours are extremely beautiful and gay ; there is a (pot of red at the bafe of the beak ; the top of the head is black, and its hinder part white ; the neck and back are of a mixed colour, compofed of grey and reddifh brown ; the belly is white ; the ground colour of the wings and tail is black, but they are elegantly variegated with vellow and white ; the legs are fhort, and the hinder toe is longer than any of the ethers.

GOLDE'N Jlovjer-gentle, a name fometimes given to feveral fpecies of the amaranth. See the article Amaranth, SuppL

GoLDEN-Ltf/tf, a name by which fome call the ranunculus, or crow-foot. See the article Ranunculus, SuppL

Golden-^W, tn ornithology, a water-fowl, otherwife call- ed anas arSticq. See the article Duck, SufpL

GOLDY-/d'£r, the Englifh name of a genus of plants, called by botanical writers elichryfum. See the article Elichrysum, SuppL

GOLF, or Gouf, the name of a diverfion, or exercife, much ufed in Scotland, and played upon the lawns, or links, as they are there called.

It conhfts in driving a ball with clubs, between two goals or holes, half a mile or a mile afunder. He who can do this with the ft weft ftrokes of his club is the conqueror.

GOMER, or Homer, a Hebrew meaiiire. See the article Co b us, SuppL

GONDOLA -j^//, a fpecies of dolhtm. See the article Do-

LIUM.

GOOc>E-/W, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by botanifts cbenopodium. See the article Chenopg- dium, SuppL

GoosE-grafs, in botany, a name fometimes given to the apa- rinc oi authors. See the article Aparine, SuppL

GOOSEANDER, a name ufed in feveral parts of the king- dom for a fpecies of mergus. See the articles Mergus and Merganser, SuppZ

GOOSEBERRY of Barbados, a name by which fome call the perejkla or cactus of botanical writers. See the article Cac- tus, SuppL and Append.

American Gooseberry, the nanie of a genus or plants called by botanifts melq/ioma. Seethe article Melastova, SuppL

GORCE, in botany, See the article Gorse, Append.

GOREING, or Goring, is faid of a iail when cut flantin-r, fo that it is broader at the clew than at the earing, as all top- fails and top-gallant-fails arc. Blanckley, Nav. Exp. p. 65.

GORSE, or Gosse, in botany, a name fometimes ufed for furze. See the articles Ulex and Genista ftartium SuppL Jr

GOSLINGS, a term ufed to denote young geefe. See the ar- ticle GOOSE, SuppL

GOSSYPIUM, the cotton-plant, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe: the cup is double, the exterior one being compofed of one leaf deeply divided into three fegments, and the inner one flight? ly divided into five fegments ; the flower confifts of live leaves adhering at the bale, cordated at the top, plane, and patent; the ftamina are numerous filaments, which by ad- hering together form a kind of cylinder at the bafe ; the an- thers are kidney-fhaped ; the germeri o'f the piftil is roundifli ; the ftyle columnar, and of the length of the ftamina ; the ftigmata are four, and pretty thick; the fruit is a roundifh capfule, divided into four cells and containing numerous egg- maped feeds, furrounded with a fine downy matter. Vide Zirihtei Gen. Plant, p. 331.

GOUF, or Golf. See the article Golf, Append.

GOURD (SuppL) — Birt^r Gourd, a name fometimes given to the colocynth'is of botanical writers. See the article Colo- cynthis, SuppL

Indian ?m--GouRD, a term by which the cujete, or crefecntia, of botanical writers, is fometimes called. See the article Crescentia, SuppL

Sour Gourd, in botany, a name fometimes given to the baobab, or baobab. Seethe article Baobab, SuppL

Gouun-worm, the Englifh name of a fpecies of worm found in .the inteftines of feveral animals. It has this name from its refembling the feed of the gourd in figure.

GOURDY legs ofhorfes. See the article Grease, Cycl.

GOUT-Wffrt, a name fometimes given to a genus of plants called by botanifts angelica. See the article Angelica, SuppL

GRAIN (SuppL)— OHy Grain, the name by which fome call the fefamum, or myagrum of botanical writers. See the article Myagrum, SuppL

Scarlet Grain, in botany, a term fometimes ufed to denote the opuntia and ilex of botanical writers. See the articles Opuntia and Ilex, SuppL

GRAMEN, grafs? in botany, the name by which botanifts call a large genus of plants. See the article Grass, Append.

Gramen murorum, /pica longijj'wut, the name given by Mr. Raymond to a genus of plants called by Linnaus fef.uca. See the article Festuca, SuppL.

GRAPE, the fruit of the vine. See the article Vitis, SuppL

Sea-fide Grape, in botany, a name by which fome call the guajabara. See the article Guajabar a, Append.

Hyacinth Gr ape, a name fometimes ufed for the mufcari, a genus of plants. Seethe article Muscari, SuppL

GRASS, gramen, in botany, the Englifh name of a large ge- nus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : the flower, which is' difpofed in fafciculi, has no petals, cenfiftinc whol- ly of a number of ftamina, arifing, for the moft part, out of a fquamofe cup ; the germen of the piftil finally becomes a roundifli or oblong feed, inclofed in the cup itfelf, or in a diftinct capfule, and containing very little farina or flour. See Tourj/efort, Inft. Bot. p. 516. See alio the Article Grass, SuppL

Of this genus there are a vaft multiplicity of fpecies, enumer- ated by the above-mentioned author, whom the curious may confulton that head.

Canary-GRASS, the Englifh name of a diftinct genus of plants called by botanifts phalaris. See the article Phala- ris, SuppL

Capon's tail Grass, the Englifh name of a diftinct genus of plants called by botanifts feftuca. See the article Festuca, SuppL

Cre/led-GR ass, or Cock's foot Grass, names given to a diftinct genus of plants, called by Linnaeus cynofurus. See the article Cynosurus, SuppL

C<?7«7j-Grass, a name given to' the green-leav'd triticum, with a creeping root. See the article Triticum, SuppL

Dog's Grass, gramen Canbium, the name by which fome call a fpecies of triticum. See the article Triticum, SuppL

Sea-dog's Grass, a name fometimes given to the double- fpiked/fm/i 1, or rye. See the articles Secale and Rye, SuppL