Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/840

 D I A

D I E

DAFFODIL, the Englifh name of a genus of plants known among authors by that of narcijfus. See the article Narcissus, Suppl.

Daffodil-////)', in botany, a name fometimes given to the lilio- narcijfus of authors. See the article hihiQ-Narciffus, Suppl.

SfY7- Daffodil, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called bv authors pancratium. See the article Pancratium, Append.

DARE. See the article Leuciscus, Suppl.

DAIRY, or DAiRY-bou/e, in rural architecture, a building where milk, butter, chcefe, whey, &c. are made or kept. See the articles Milk, Butter, &c. Suppl.

DAISY, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors bcllis. See the article Bellis, Suppl.

Great Daisy, a name fometimes given to a genus of plants known among authors by that of leucantbemum. See the ar- ticle Leucanthemum, S"PP?'

Ox-eye Daisy, a genus of plants called by botanical writers bupbthabnum. See the article Buphthalmum, Suppl.

DAME's -violet, in botany, a name ufed by fome for the kef- peris of authors. See the article Hesperis, Suppl.

DAMP is fometimes ufed in a fynonymous fenfe with moifture. See the article Moisture, Append.

DANE-ww/ j or dwarf-elder, names fometimes given to a ge- nus of plants called by authors fambucus. Seethe article Sam- bucus, Suppl.

DARNEL, the Englifh name given to a genus of plants called by botanical writers hlium. Seethe article Lolium, Suppl.

DARKEL-grafs. Seethe article Grass, Append.

DARSINE, a kind of cinnamon. See the article Cinnamum, Suppl.

DASYPUS, in zoology, the name of a genus of animals called armadillo and tatu-mujlelinus. See the articles Armadillo, Tatu, and Tatuete, Suppl.

DATE (Cycl.) — Date-^w, in botany, a name given to fe- veral fpecies of palm-tree. See the article Palm, Suppl.

D at E-phan, the name of a genus of plants called by Lin- naeus diojpyros, and by Tournefort guaiacana. See the article Guaiacana, Suppl.

T)AY-lil/y, a name ufed fometimes for the bemerocallis of authors. See the article Hemerocallis, Suppl.

E)E AX) -nettle, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors larnium. See the article Lamium, Suppl.

DEADLY carroty the Englifh name of a genus of plants call- ed by authors thapfia. Sec the article Thapsia, Suppl.

Deadly nightjlmde, in botany, a name given to the belladon- na of authors. Seethe article Belladonna, Suppl.

DEATH-watcb, in zoology, the Englifh name of the pedi cuius of old wood. It is nearly of the fize of the common loufe, and the noife, refembling the beating of a watch, is made by the male or female, when wooing each other. Hill, Hift.Anim.

p. 22.

DECURSIO, in Roman antiquity, See the article Campi- cursio, Suppl.

"DEER (Suppl.) — &i»z-pEER, the Englifh name of an animal of the deer kind, called by authors rangifer. Seethe article Rangifer, Suppl.

DENTALIUM, in zoology, the fame with dentale. See the article Dentale, Suppl.

DERMESTES, the name given by Dr. Hill to a numerous ge- nus of infects commonly confounded with the /carabm, or beetles, from which they are diftinguifhed by having their an- tennae of a clavated figure. Vide Hill, Hift, Anim. p. 40.

DETTANDER. See the article Lepidium, Suppl.

DEVICE, among painters, &c, the fame with devife. See the article Devise, Cycl.

DEVIL in a bujh, a name fometimes given to a genus of plants called by authors nigella. Seethe article Nig ell a, Suppl.

Devil's bit, in botany, a name ufed by fome writers for the fcabiofa of others. See the article Scabiosa, Suppl.

DEW-^rw, in the management of cattle, an excefflve fwell- ing of the body, proceeding from the greedinefs of a bead to feed, when put into rank pafrure.

This iwelling is often fo great that the creature rims the ut- moft hazard of burfting ; in which cafe it mould be made to ftir much, and purge well : but the proper cure is to bleed the creature in the tail, then putting a nutmeg into an egg, to thruft it down the creature's throat, fhell and all ; alter which by walking him up and down he will foon mend. Ruff. Diet, in voc.

DIABETES (Cycl. and Suppl.) — According to Dr. Mead, the diabetes is a dileafe of the liver, and not of the kidneys, as has

been generally thought. See Monit. & Pracl. Medic, cap. ix. § 2. and Mechanic Account of Poifons, Effay i. Ed. 4. The Doctor recommends the following medicine as efficacious in this difiemper ; take four pints of milk, boil it a little, and turn it with three drachms of alum ; four ounces of this fhould be taken three times a day at leafl.

This difeafe happens moft frequently to thofe who, without due exercife, indulge themfelves with drinking vinous liquors, and then quench the thirft arifmgfrom thence by too v great a quantity of fuch as are cooling.

The diabetes fecm to have been rare among the antients, fince Galen fays he faw it but twice only.

DIAGONAL /cafe. See the article Plotting /cak, Cycl.

DIALLING (Cycl.) — AVe have a treatife, by Mr. Deparci- eux, on this fubject, publifhed 174c, recommended in ft iff. Acad. Scienc. 1740.

DIAMOND (Cycl. and- Suppl.) — When diamonds are fouled with a yellow or brown colour, it is a common practice among jewellers to put them into a. ''fierce fire; this divefts them of their colour, without doing them the leaft fenfible injury. Du Fay, in Mem. Acad. Paris. 1735.

DIAPENTE, (Cycl.) among farriers, a drink made for horfes, of gentian, round birthwort, barberries, myrrh, and ivory fhavings, of each a like quantity, which are to be pounded feparatcly, and finely fearccd : this powder, to the quantity of two or three fpconfuls, is mixed with a pint and a half of mufcadine, or fack, or, for want of either, with frronTale or beer, and given in fevers, the cough, glanders, furfeits, inflammations, yellows, &c. It is faid to purify the blood from all foulnefles, as well as to reftrain the overflowing of the gall, working of the fpleen, caV. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

DIARY, a term fometimes ufed for a journal, or day-book, containing an account of every day's proceedings. Thus we fay diaries of the weather, CSV.

DIAUGOPHRAGMIA, in natural hiftory, a genus of fipta- riee, whofe fepta are of fpar, with an admixture of crvftal, which being fometimes alio mixed among the matter of the tali, renders the whole more bright and glofly. See the ar- ticle Septarije, Suppl.

Of this genus we have the following fpecies : 1. The ferru- gineous red diaugopbragmia, with brownifh yellow partitions. 2. The brownifh. yellow diaugophragmium, with whitifh par- titions. 3. The b\ue\{h v/hlte diaugopbragmium, with ftraw- coloured partitions. Vide Hill, Hift. Foil", p. 522.

DIBBLE, among gardeners, a fetting-tool, or forked flick, wherewith plants are fet. Ruft. Diet, in voc.

DICTAMNUS, in the Linnsean fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants called by Tournefort /raxinella. See the article Fraxinella, Suppl.

DIE. See the article Dye, Cycl.

DIER. See the article Dyer, Suppl. and Append..

DIESIS (Suppl.) — a wrong notation has crept into this ar- ticle ; for E, fc| E, F, read E, # E, F. And fo in other places of this article, where b, E occurs, fubflitutc if E.

DIET. See the article Food, Suppl.

One great reafon why leprofies, hot fcurvies, dyfenteries, plagues, peftilential fevers, and the like diftempers, former- ly fb frequent in London, are now fo rare, is the change that has been made in the diet of the inhabitants. Hop- ed beer, wine, and fpirituous liquors coming into general ufe, have been a great means of fuppreffing putrid difeafes; greens and fruit are like wife more univerfally eat, and faked meats make a much lefs part of diet than formerly : to this add the more'general confumption of tea and fugar. Pringle, Obferv. on the Difeafes of the army, p. 294, j'eq. A vegetable diet is moft proper for fcorbutic and hectical perfons, and does very well with people who have great ex- ercife ; but, in other circumftances, a mixed diet of vegetable and animal fubflances, fuch as is commonly ufed, ieems heft calculated to nourifh and preferve the body from decay. Id. ibid. p. 366, /eq.

Irregularities in diet are commonly, though unjuflly, fuppofed to have the greateft fhare in producing military difeafes; were this the cafe, the changes in the weather and ieaions would not fo remarkably afreet their health ; the foberefl and moft regular corps would not be fo fickly ; different nations in th'e fame camp, living varioufly, would not be afflicted with the fame diftempers ; nor would there be fuch an inequality in the numbers of the lick in different years, were the greateft part of difeafes owing folely to diet.

Againft excefs, the moft. common error in diet, the fmallnefs of a foldier's pay is a fufficient fscurity : in regard to them,

therefore