Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/824

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and one that has lain long at reuS he mint be hunted with a great number of dogs, and thofe fuch as will keep clofe to him, and the huntfman, with his fpear, fhould always be riding in among themj and charging the boar as often as he can, to dilcourage him : fuch a boar as this, with five or fix couple of dogs, will run to the firft convenient place of fhel- ter, and there ftand at bay, and make at them as they attempt to come up with him.

There ought always to be relays alfo fet of the befl* and ftauncheft hounds in the kennel ; for if they are of young eager dogs, they will be apt to feize him, and be killed or fpoiled before the reft come up. The putting collars with bells about the dogs necks is a great fecuriry for them, for the boar will not fo foon firike at them when they have thefe, but will rather run before them. The huntfmen generally kill the boar with their fwords or (pears ; but great caution is necei- fary in making the blows, for he is very apt to catch them up- on his fnout or tufks, and if wounded and not killed, he will attack the huntfmen in the raoft furious manner. The places to give the wound with the fpear is either between the eyes in the middle of the forehead or in the moulder, both thele places make the wound mortal.

When this creature makes at the hunter there is nothing for it but courage and addrefs, if he flies for it he is furcly over- taken and killed ; if the boar comes ftrait up, he is to be re- ceived at the point of the fpear; but if he makes doubles and windings, he is to be watched very cautioufly, for he will at- tempt getting hold of the fpear in his mouth, and if he does io nothing can fave the huntfman but another perfon attacking him behind ; he will on this attack the fecond perfon, and the firft muft then attack him again ; two people will thus have enough to do with him, and were it not for the forks of the boai-lpears that make it impoffible to prefs forward upon them, the huntfman who gives the creature his death's wound would feldom efcape falling a facrifice to his revenge for "it. The modern way of boar-hunting is generally to dif patch the creature by all the huntfmen ftriking him at once; but the antient Roman way was, for a perfon on foot, armed with a fpear, to keep the creature at bay, and in this cafe the boar Would run of himfelf upon the fpear to come at the huntfman, and puili forward till the fpear pierced him through. The hinder claws of a boar are called guards. In the corn he is faid to feed; in the meadows or fallow fields, to routj worm, or fern ; in a clofe, to graze. The boat is farrowed with as many teeth as he will ever have, his teeth incrcafing only in bignefs, not in number; among thefe there are four called tujhes or tujks, the two biggeft of which do not hurt when he ftrikes, but ferve only to whet the other two loweft, with winch the beaft defends himfelf, and frequently kills, as being greater and longer than the reft. Gent. Recr. p. i, y, and 1 19. Trev. Diet. Univ. torn. iv% p. 1489, voc. Sanglicr.

It is very remarkable, that thefe creatures in the Weft Indies are fubjecr. to the ftone in a very remarkable manner : few of them are abfolutely free from it, yet fcarce any have the ftones of any confiderable fize. It is common to find a great num- ber in the fame bladder, and they are ufually of about a fcruple weight, and are angular, and that with great regularity, each having fife angles. Phil. Tfarif. h. xxxvi. Among the 'antient Romans boar's fkfh was a delicacy ; a boar fcrved up whole was a dim of ftate. Pit'ifc. Lex. Ant. torn. i. p. r2c. voc. Apes.

The bear was fometlmes alfo the military enfign borne by the Roman armies, in lieu of the eagle. Salmuih. adPancirol. P. I. tit. liii. p. 278.

Among phyficians a boars, bladder has been reputed a fpecific for the epilepfy. Friend, Hift. ol'Phyf. torn. ii. p. 280. The tufh of the wild boar ftiil panes with fome as of great efficacy inquinzies and pleurifies. Alleyn, Difpenf. p. 150.

Boar, in the manege. A horfe is faid to boar, when he flioots, out his nofe as high as his ears, and toffesitin the wind. Guitl.- Gent. Diet, in voc.

BOLBONACH, in botany, a name given to the lunaria of au- ! thors. Seethe article Lunaria, Suppl.

BOLE (Suppl.) — See the article Bolus, Suppl. and Append.

BOLUS Blefenf.s. See the article Blesensis bolus, Suppl.

Bolus Etrufca, the fame with Etrufca terra. See the article Etrusca terra, Suppl.

Bolus Golib'ergenjh, the fame with terra Goltbergenfts. See the article Golteercensis terra, Suppl.

Bolus Lemnia, the fame with terra Lemnia. See the article Lemnia n earth, Suppl.

Bolus Livonica, the fame with the Livoniea terra. See the ar- ticle Li'vonica terra, Suppl.

Bolus Noe'erwha, the fame lame with terra Noceriana. See the ■article Noceriana terra, Suppl.

Bolus Venet'a. See the article Ve neta bolus, Suppl.

BONANA, in botany, the name ufed for a genus of plants call- ed by authors mufa. See the article Musa, Suppl.

BONE (QjpLitiA Suppl.)— AW forts of bone may beftained, or dyed, any kind of colour, as directed under the article Ivory, Append.

BOREA, a name given by the antients to a fpecies of jafper, of a blueifh green colour. Sec the article Jasper, Append.

BORECOLE, in botany, a name ufed for a fpecies of Waffled. See the article Brassica, Suppl.

BOTRYS, in botany, a name fometimes given to a fpecies of chenopodium, called alfo oak of Jerufalem. See the article Chenopodium, Suppl.

BOTRYTIS, in botany, the name given by Micheli to a ge- nus of mofles, called by authors byfus. See the article B ys- stts, Suppl.

BOTTLE (Suppl.)— BIucBottle, a name ufed for the cyanus of authors. Scathe article Cyanus, Suppl.

BOWER( Suppl.)— Ladies Bower, 01 virgin's Bower, names given by us to a diftincr genus of plants called by botanifts cle- tamitis. See the article Virgin' 1 -*' bower. Suppl,

BOX~thofn, la botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors lycium. See the article Lycium, Append.

BRACHIONUS, in zoology, the name of a genus of animal- cules of the arthrodia kind, containing all the wheel animals. See the articles Artkrodia and Animalcule, Append. and Wheel, Suppl

BRACHURI, in zoology, a name given by Dr. Hill to a genus tit animalcules of the tailed kind. See the article Animal- cule, Suppl. and Append.

Thefe animalcules are of a roundifh figure, with tails fhorrer than their bodies ; their fkiu is perfectly fmooth, thin, and colourlels. They are frequent in water-ponds, in pepper- water, and many other infufions of vegetable fubftances See Hill, Hift. Anim. p. 6, fea.

BRACHYPYRENIA, in natural hiftory, a genus of foflils of the clafs offeptarits. See the article Septarije, Suppl. The brachypyrenia have a fhort roundifh nucleus, enclofed by and contained within the body of the mafs.

BRAMA inarina, the fea-bream, in ichthyology, a fpecies of Jparus, according to Artedi. See the articleSpARUs, Sppul.

BRAMBLE, or Bramble &//7j, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors rubus. Seethe article Rubus, Suppl.

BRAMBLING, in zoology. See the article Bramble, Suppl.

BR ANCK urftne, a name ufed by fome authors for the acanthus. See the article Acanthus, Suppl.

BRASSE, in ichythology, a name fometimes given to thelucio- perca, a fpecies of pearch. See the articles Perca and Lu-

CIOPERCA, Suppl.

BREAD( Suppl.)— S.jfotm'sR^x ad, in botany, the Englifh name of the carob -tree, defcribed by Tournefort under that ofliliqua. See the article Siliqua, Suppl.

BREAM (Suppl.)— Sm-Bream, brama marina, in ichthyology, & fpecies of Jparus. See the article Sparus, Suppl.

BREAST (Suppl.) — Difeafes of the Breast. See' the article Asthma, Append,

BRIAR, in botany, a name given to feveral fpecies of rofe. See the article Rose, Suppl.

BRIMSTONE wort, in botany, a name given to the puceda- num of authors. See the article Pucedanum, Suppl.

BRIONY, in botany. See the article Erionia, Suppl.

BRISTOL ^?ztw, in botany, a name ufed by fome for the lychnis. See the article Lychnis, Suppl.

BROCADE (Cycl.)~BKOCAQE-Jhell, the Englifh name of a fpecies of cylindrus. See the article Cylindrus, Suppl. It is of a fdvery white colour variegated with brown.

BROCATELLO, a name ufed by our lapidaries for the white and gold veined red marble. See the article Marble, Suppl.

BROCOLI, among gardeners. See Broccoli, Suppl.

BROMELIA, in the Linnaean fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants called by Tournefort ananas. See the article Ananas, Suppl.

BROOM( Suppl.) — Butcher's Broom, in botany, the Englifh name of a genus of plants called by authors rujeus. See the article Ruse us, Suppl.

Green, and white Broom, names given to the fpartium of au- thors. See the article Spartium, Suppl.

Spanijh Broom, fpartium, in botany. See the article Sparti- um, Suppl.

BKooM-lime, a name ufed for the plant known anion* authors by that of veronica. See the article Veronica.

BRoc-M-rape, a name given to the orobanche of authors. See the article Orobanche, Suppl.

BROWN wort, in botany, a name given fometimes to the bru~ nella, ox prunella of authors. See the article Prunella, Suppl.

Brown wort is alfo fometimes ufed for the fcrophularia. See the article Scrophularia, Suppl.

BRUISE wort, in botany, a name given by fome authors to the lychnis. See the article Lychnis, Suppl.

BRUSH (Suppl.) — S^r-BRUSH, the name by which fome call the barbajovls, a diftind genus of plants. Seethe ar- ticle Barba Jovis, Suppl.

BUBO, in ornithology. See the article Owl, Suppl. and Append.

BUCEROS, in ornithology, the name of a fpecies of raven found in the Eaft Indies, China, and Tartary. Its head, neck, rump, and tail are of a gloffy black without the leaft tinge of any other colour. It is of the bignefs of a well grown pul- let : its head is remarkably large, as is its beak, which has a confiderable gibbollry towards the bafe, rifmg above the reft of the furface. See Hill, Hift. Am'm. p. 383.

BUCK'S