Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/734

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tJNCIFORME Oj, in the carpus, is the fourth bone In the fe- conii row) it has its name from the Latin uncus, a hook, and is compofed of a body, and a hooked or uniform apophy- sis. This apophyfis, which is one of the four eminences on the concave or inner furface of the carpus^ is flat, and the hol- low fide of its curvature is turned toward the os magnum. The outer furface of its body is rough, and in fome meafure trian- gular ; it compleats the convex fide of the carpus, and, to- ward the ulna, terminates in a fmall tuberofity, which is all the cubical fide of this bone.

It has three articular or cartilaginous fides, one radial, one brachial, and one digital. The radial fide is double, anfwer- ing to the cubital fide of the os magnum. The brachial fide is very oblique, fome part of it being gently concave, the reft gently convex, anfwering to the digital fide uf the os cunei- forme. The digital fide is double, or diftinguifhed into two " halves, by a figmoide angular line, for its articulation with, the two laft bones of the metacarpus. Winjlo%v\ Anatomy.;

'p. 84.

UNCINUS, in forgery* the name of a fmall hooked inftrument ferving to many purpofes.

UNCTUARIUM, a room in the antient baths, where people were anointed before they went away.

TJNCTORES, among the Romans, fervants whofe employ- ment it was to anoint their mafter when he bathed. Pitifc. Lex. Antiq. in voc.

UNCUS, among the Romans, an inftrument ufed in torturing criminals* It was a kind of club beat and inclined to one fide. Pitifc. Lex. Antiq. m voc..

UNDE Nihil Habet, a writ of dower. Blount, Cowel. See the article Dote Unde nihil habet.

UNDERWOOD, (Cycl.)— In the cutting the Underwood of coppices* when the (tubs are great, they mould be ftubbed up, for they only take up a great deal of room, and fend up few fhoots, their cracks and hules letting in water, and ufually half killing them. The taking up thefe fhould be performed in win- ter, and the fpaces they leave will be foon occupied by young trees, if not, along branch of fome neighbouring tree may be laid down, and will foon fend up a fufEcient fupply of fuckers for the place.

In felling the Underwood * it is always proper to leave young .trees enough. The worft of thefe may be taken down the next fall, efpecially if any of them grow near a great tree that will be fit to fell the next feafon, becaufe they may be fpoiled by its fall. When trees are at their full growth, there are fe- veral figns of their decay, as the withering or drying of their top branches; their taking in water at fome of their knots, their being hollow or difcoloured, and their making but fmall moots. If wood-peckers make holes in the body, it is a bad fign, and according to the appearance of one or more of thefe fymptoms, it is very propeF to cut down the tree before it de- cays farther. Large and fpreading trees in coppices are often of more mifchief than advantage, as they fpo'il a great deal of the Underwood by their droppings.

The owner of a coppice mult be very careful when he fells the wood ftanding, by the acre, to mark beforehand what ftand- ards are to be left, elfe the purchafer feldom fails to cheat him, by felling fome of them. Mortimer's, Hufbandry, vol. 2.

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UNDETERMINED, in mathematics, is fometimes ufed for indeterminate. Maclaur. Algeb. p. 298. See the article Indeterminate, Cycl. UNDIMIA, in furgery, the name of a kind of an cedematous tumour, the matter contained in which is glutinous and ropy, like the white of an egg. UNDULAGO, in natural hiftory, a name given by Mr. Lhuyd to a fpecies of fungites found foffile, and ufually of a fort of . undulated figure. See the article Fungites. UNDULATED Leaf among botanifts. See the article Leap. UNDULATION, {Cycl.) in medicine, the term ufed by fome to exprefs an uneafy fenfation in the heart, of an undulatory motion, which may fometimes be perceived externally. Undulation is alfo a word ufed by fome authors to ex- prefs the rifmg of the water of the furface of the fea into waves. See the article Wave. UNDY, in heraldry. See the article Waved, Cycl, and

SuppL UNEDO, in natural hiftory, a name ufed by the antients for a fruit which they recommend as cooling and fub-aftringent. The generality of the world are lead into a common error of believing this to be the fruit of the arbutus or ftrawberry-tree. Pliny has given occafion to this error, by faying exprefsly that the Unedo is the fruit of the arbutus ; but we find this to be contrary to the practice of all the antient Latin writers, who have always called the fruit by the fame name with the tree,' not by a different one. Varro de re Ruftica, (peaking of ga- thering the autumn fruits, calls them all by the name of the trees ; and among them, mentioning the fruit of the arbutus, he exprefl'es it in the fame manner, not by the word Unedo,. decerpendo arbutum mora pomaq_uc : And both Galen and Paulus iEgineta deny the Unedo to be the name of the fruit of the arbutus or ftrawberry-tree, and make it the fruit of the epimelis. Servius explains the word Unedo- by the fruit of the itraw berry -tree j but in this he too ramly follows Pliny's opi- 3 -

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■ nion, and plainly errs from the truth. See the article Epim-e-

LIS.

UNGUENT (Cycl.)— Unguentum ^//ww, the white oint- ment, a medicinal preparation, well known by name, and. much ufed in families.

The late London difpenfatory has made very great alterations in it, and indeed given a new ointment under this name \ it \g there ordered to be made thus. : Take oil-olive a pint, white wax four ounces, Jperma ceti three ounces, melt all togethW with a gentle heat, and ftir them very brifkly without ceafing, till they are fully cold.

The ointment, formerly known by this name, had ceruf?, or white lead, for its principal ingredient] but as this is princi- pally intended for frettirigs of the fkin, that ingredient was judged dangerous. Pmberton's Lond. Difp. p. 363. Unguentum Bafdicum Viride, a form of medicine prefcribed m the late London pharmacopoeia. It is ordered to be made thus: Take of yellow bafilicon eight ounces, oil of olives three ounces, verdegreafe in fine powder one ounce, mix the whole into anointment. P ember ton' a London Difp p. 366. Unguentum Nardinum. See the article NaRdinum l7«-

guentum. Unguentum e Pice, Tar Ointment, a form of medicine pre- fcribed in the late London' Pharmacopoeia, and ordered to be madein the following manner : Take of tar, and of tried mut- ton-fewet, each equal quantities, melt them together, and and {train the whole while it is hot. Pemberton's Lond. Difp. p. 368. .

Unguentum Saiurmnum, a form of medicine prefcribed in the late London Pharmacopcei'a, and ordered to be made in this man- ner : Take of oil-olive half a pint, wliitewaxanounce and half, fugar of. lead $ ftrit brought toa very fubtile pbwd r, with fome part of the oil ; then add this to the reft of the oil, with the wax melted in it, and flir the whole till it is cold. Pember- ton's Lond.' Difp. p. 369. Unguentum Simplex, a name given in the London Difperrfa-' . tory# to the compofition commonly called pomatum ; the man- mer of making which, is according to the method now unt- verfally prafiifed, delivered there in the following manner: Take of tried hogs-lard two pounds, of rbfe-water three ounces; pound the krd with the rofe- water, till they are well mixed ; then melt the lard 'with a very gentle fire, and fet it by awhile, that the water may fubfide, afterwards pour out the lard, and leave the water; then ftir and beat the lard with- out ceafing, while it is growing cold, that it may be broke, into as light and yielding a mafs as may be ; and then add as much efknee of lemons as will give it an agreeable fcent. Pern- berion's London Difp. p. 362. Unguentum e Sulphurs, Sulphur-Ointment. Take of fimple ointment .half a pound, of flower of fulphur unwarned two ounces,' eflence of lemons a fcruple. This is the preparation ordered in the late London Difpenfatory, and expected to be? kept ready mixed in the fliops. Pemkrton's London Difp. P-37°- Unguentum Vefcatorwm, Bliflering Ointment, a form of medicine prefcribed in the late London Pharmacopoeia, and 1:0 other than bhftering plafter hi a fl.fter form. It is made by equal quantities of hogs-lard and blifter -plafter, with a very gentle heat, ftirring them till they are cold. Pemberton's Lond. Difp. p. 371. Unguentum Viride, the Green Ointment, a form of medicine prefcribed in the late London Pharmacopoeia, and ordered to be made by melting ten ounces of yellow wax in three puunds of the oleum viride, or green-oil, of the fame pharmacopoeia. Pemberion'% Lond. Difp. p, 371. UNGUICULI, in botany, is iSfed for the ends of the petals of

rofes, or other flowers, where they adhere to the plant. UNGUIN, in botany, a name given by the people ot Guinea to a plant, of which they are very fond, for its medicinal virtues : They boil it in water, and give the decoction in Urge draughts. for pains in the back, The leaves of this plant grow alter- nately on pedicles of an inch long, and have the exudt {hape and iize of thofe of the common bay-tree ; but they have nei- ther its tafte nor fmcll, nor any thing approaching to either. Phil. Tranf. N J. 232. UNGUIS (Cycl.) — The nails both of the fingers and toes, arer fubject. to very great diiiemperatures in their growth. We have, in the Philofophical TranfacUons, an account of a young fellow, whofe finger ends were, as it were, armed with hums inftead of nails j they grew to a very amazing length, but then would wear away, or drop off at the ends. The horny excrefcencc on the thumb was the longeft on each hand, and next to it was that of the middle finger, the re-it being gra- dually fhorter ; his feet were well armed with the fame fort of weapons, only that the two little toes had none of them.' Thefe horns feemed to owe their origin to a thickening of the body of the nails, which, inftead of growing out in length in the common way, elevated themfelves in "height from the back ; and when they had rifen to a certain height in this di- rection, they turned downward, and became crooked, fo as to reprefent a bird's claw, only that it was not taper and fharp, but all of the fame thicknefs, and blunt at the end. The upper or convex part of each was marked with a great many chaps, but the concave or under part was fihooth-