Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/680

 T R I

T R I

TRILL- iTwAf, thofe ufed to hold the fides cf a* cart up to the horfe. See the article Cart.

TRILLETTO, in the Italian 1 mafic, a little fhort fliake or quaver ; it differs from tr'il/o, only in point of continuance being its diminutive. See the next article.

TRILLO, in the Italian muftc, is often found marked with a tingle T ; or tr, and often alfo by a finall t, as well in vocal as instrumental parts. It is defigned to intimate, that you beat quick upon two notes in conjoint degrees, as ef, otde, alternately; beginning with the higheft, and ending with the Ibweft. This makes what the French improperly call ca- dence^ and properly trimbUment. But it is alfo very often found in the Italian mufic to give notice, that the fame found be ftruck many times over, beginning a little flow, and end- ing with all the quicknefs, that the throat or finger can form them. Thus, fuppofing the firft two or three quavers, then as many femi-quaveis, and then' ending with demi-femi-qua- vers, all in the fame pitch or tune.

The manner wherein we have defcribed this, comes far fhort of what able matters can flaew in practice : This Trillo is more particularly ufed^ after a note has been long held out, to cafe the voice ; which fo long a tenfion had weakened. Brojfard.

TRILOBOU 5- /,«?/", among bontanitts. See the article Leaf.

TRILOCULAR-Cfl£/a/r, among botanifts. See the article Capsulf.

TRIMODIA, among the Roman?, a bag like an inverted cone, in which fowers carried their {ctd. It was fufpended from their necks, and was fo called from its containing three bulhels. P'ttifc. Lex. Ant. in vcc.

TRINGA, in the Linnasah fyttem of zoology, the name of a dlftincr. geniis of birds, of the order of the fcolopaces : the diftinguiftiing characters of this is, that the feet have each four tees, and the beak is fhortcr than the toes. Linntsi Syftema Nature, p. 47.

There are three fpecies of this genus : The firft called by al- moft all authors Tringa ; the others the pinirolc, and ourfand- piper. See the article Sandpiper and Pinirole. The fir ft fpecies, or Trikga, moft ufually fo called, has been however named cinclus, by Bellonius ; and gallinula, rbodo- pus, phecnicopus, and ochropus, by Gefner. It is fomewhat larger than the black-bird, the colour of all its upper-fide, is a very glofly greenifh brown ; and its fhoulders and the fmaller feathers of its wings are fpottcd with white. In the male, there are numerous white ftreaks, and fpots on the head, but En the female thefe are wanting ; the throat is white fpottcd with black ; the breatt and belly are of a pure fnow white; the long feathers of the wings are brown, and thofe of the tail variegated with brown and white ; its beak is a finger and half long, and of a greenifh colour ; and its legs of a bluifh green ; the hinder toe is very finall. They live about the fides of ponds and lakes ; its legs are fomctimes feen reddifti or yellowifh. AUlrovand. Tom. 3. p. 481.

1 RINGA Minor, in zoology, a name by which fome authors called the bird, commonly known in England, by the name of the fmdpiper. See the article Sandpiper.

TRINITY (CycL)— By a ftaiute of king William the 3d, if one educated in, or having profeffed, the chriftian religion, fhall be convicted in any of the courts of Wettmifter, 6fr. of denying any one of the pcrfons of the holy Trinity to be God, or maintaining that there are more gods than one, or ot denying the truth of the chriftian religion, or the divine authority of the fcripture, he fhall for the firft offence be ad- judged uncapablc of any office ; and for the fecond dilabled to fue any action, &e. Anno 9 and 10. Will. III, cap. 32.

'I RINK, in our ftatutes, is ufed for a fifhing-net. 2 Hen. 6. c. 15. Blount.

1 RIONUM, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, called by Ruppius bamfnia; the characters are thefe: The pe- lianthium is double ; the external one is compofed of twelve flender leaves ; the internal one is only compofed of one leaf, and is inflated and divided into five fegments at the end ; the flower confifts of five petals, cordated at the top, and grow- ing together at the bottom ; the ftamina are numerous, they grow into a cylinder at the bottom, and are free at the tops ; the anthers are kidney-fhaped ; the germen of the piftil is roundifh; the ftyle is capillary and terminated, by five obtufe reflex ft igmata ; the fruit is oval, but ribbed with five ridges, and is compofed of five valves, and contains as many cells ; the feeds are numerous and are kidney-fhaped. It is plain from thefe characters, that this genus is nearly allied to the hibifcus. Umtai Gen. Plant, p. 383. Ruppit Flora. Jenenfis, p. 16.

TRIOPHTHALMUS, a name given by authors to fuch pieces of agate, or other fwni pel lucid ftones, as happen to have three finall circular fpots, refembling eyes upon them : thefe are of the nature of the common agate, &c. The fpots are mere ac- cidental varieties in the difpofitions of the veins, and do not make a diftinct fpecies of ftone.

TRIOPTERIS, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : The perianthium is very fmall and permanent, and is compofed of one leaf divided into five fegments ; the flower is compofed of fix equal pe- tals of an ova! figure, and thefe are unrounded by three other fmaller petals, which are alfo of an equal fize one with ano-

ther; the ftamina are two filaments, beyond the petals- of the flower, and are fixed to the cup ; the external ones are fome- what f hotter than the interior, and the an there are fimple » the germen of the piftil is divided into three parts ; there are three erect and fimple ftyles ; and the ft igmata arc obtufe : there is no fruit to enclufe the feeds, but they ftand naked, and are three in number, and are hollowed at the back, and edged with ala?, which when newly produced have the appearance of petals. Indeed what are called petals in this defcription, are not fo ; but are the ake of the germen, for the ftamina are placed without them ; but as they very much refemble petals, a young botanilt will more eafily diftingnifh the genus, by their being taken for fuch, than by any other means. Linncci Gen. Plant, p. 195.

TRIORCHIS, a word ufed by fome, to exprefs a man who has three tefticlcs.

It is alio ufed as the name of 2 buzzard; and of a plant, called la- dies traces. TRIPENTAHjEDRIA, in natural hiftory, the name of a ge- nus of fpars.

The word is derived from the Greek, t^j, thrice, wale, five, and E^ae, a fide.

The bodies of this genus are fpars, compofed of thrice five planes ; being made of a pentangular column, terminated at each end by a pentangular pyramid. Of this genus we only know one fpecies ; this has a moderately long column, and very fhort and broad pyramids ; it is found in Derbyfhire, Yorkfhire, and Cornwall, and is very frequent about Goile- laer in Saxony. Hill's, Hift. of Foff. p. 205. TRIPHARMACUM, anointment, in the late London difpen- fatory, fo called from its being compofed of three ingredients : the prefcription is this : Take common plafter four ounces, oi! olive two ounces, vinegar one ounce; fet them over a a gentle fire, and ftir them continually, till they become an ointment. Pemberten's, Lond. Difpenf. p. 370. TRIPOLI, (CycL) m natural hiftory, the name of an earthy fubftance, ufed by the lapidaries to polifh ftones, and by the brafiers, and other the like artifts to clean metalline vcflels. It is of two kinds, the yellowifh, and reddifti white; the yeU Iowifli white kind is culled by authors, alanct gleba, iripolis and terra tripolitana; this is the produce of Germany, Saxony, and France; there is alfo of it in the neighbourhood of Venice, but it is found in greatett plenty in many parts of Africa. It is found a dry hard earth, of a very pale yellowifh white, of a firm texture, and moderately heavy ; it is fomctimes found of itfelf, conftituting a flratum ; but is more frequently met with in detached pieces among ttrata of other matter. It is of a rough, irregular, dufty furface ; it adheres flight ly to the tongue, is dry, hard, and harfh to the touch, is not to be broken between the fingers, and flight! y ftains the hands : rt makes no effervefcence with aqua fortis, and mates a flight biffing noife on being thrown into water. The reddifti Tri- poli is of our own production, though not peculiar to our- felves ; it is found in great abundance on Mcndip-hills- in So- merfetfhirc, nor lefs plentifully in many parts of Germany. This is well known in the fhops as a fubftance of great ufe in polifhing brafs, but is not applied to any of the other ufes of the yellowifh kind : this like the former is moft frequently found in detached mafles, and while in the earth is tolerablv foft, and eafily falls into flakes. When dry it becomes of a confiderable hardnefs, and is of a fine pale reddifti white, of a loofe open texture, compofed of a multitude of extremely thin plates or flakes laid evenly on one another, and confide- rably heavy ; it is of a fmooLh and fomewhat glofly furface ; it adheres very firmly to the tongue, is dry and harfh to the touch, too hard to be broken between the fingers, and does not ftain the hands : it makes no effervefcence with acids, and burns to a paler colour, with fome additional hardnefs Hiirs, Hift. of FoiT. p. 68.

TRIPUDIUM, in antiquity, a fpecies of divination, in which omens were drawn hum the rebounding of corn thrown to chickens. Hofm. Lex. Univ. in Voc.

TRIPYRAMIDES, in natural hiftory, the name of a genue of fpars.

The word is derived from the Greek rgh, thrice, and tr»£«jtfc, a pyramid.

The bodies of this genus are fpars, compofed of fingle pyra- mids, each of three fides, {landing on no column, but af- fixed by their bafes to fome folid body.

Of this genus there are only two known fpecies: t. A fliort and thick one, found ontheftdesoftheftacks of ftone in Northamp- tonfhire and elfewhere; but this is not common, and is ufuallv fmall. 2. Along one with a narrow bale : this is not found in England, but is common in the German mines. HilFs, Hift. of Foft p. 226.

TRISACTIS, in natural hiftory, anameofa genus of ftar-fifh, compofed of a body and three rays, the more ufual number being five. Seethe article Stella Marina.

I RIQUETRA Gjfit-i triangular bones found in fome craniums.

TRIQUETRUM Folium, among botanifts. See .the article Leaf

TRISC/EDECACTIS, in natural hiftory, a name given by Linkius, and fome other authors, to a kind of branched ftar- fifh