Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/656

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Bcllonius, and many others, call it turfts. Seethe articles Tur- sio, PHocffiNA, and Delphinus.

TIRS1TES, a word ufed by fome to exprefs foflile coral.

TISRI, or Tizri, the firft hebrew month of the civil year, and the feventh of the ecclefiaftical or facred year. The Hebrews call it Rojh-hajhamia, that is, the beginning of the year. It anfwered to the moon of September. On the firft day of this month was kept the feaft of trumpets, becaufe the beginning of the year was then proclaimed by found of trumpets. On this day they refrained from all forts of fcrvile bufinefs, and offered in facrifice a calf, a ram, and (even Lambs. Levit. xxiii. 24. Numb. xxix. 1. Calm. Diet. Bibl. invoc.

TITANIA, Tif*««a in antiquity, a feftival in memory of Ti- tanes. Potter, T. 1, p. 433,

others for the calx of burnt gypfum or plaifter of Paris, and by others a lixivium of quicklime.
 * ITANOS, a word ufed by fome authors to exprefs lime, by

TITHENIDIA, wftwJw, in antiquity, a Spartan feftival, fo cal- led from ti£W(, nurfes, who at this time carried the male in- fants committed to their charge to the temple of Diana Cory- thallia. For the ceremonies obferved on this occalion, fee Potter, Archaeol. Graec. 1. 2. c. 20. T. 1. p. 432. feq.

TITHYMALOIDES, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : The flower is com- pofed of only one leaf,and in fome degree refemblesa fhoe; the piftil finally becomes a fruit like that of the Tuhymal or fpurge. The fpecies of Tithymaloides enumerated by Mr, Toumefort are thefe; 1. The fhrubby Titbymaloides withjvery large myrtle-like leaves. 2. The orpine-leaved ihrubby Titbymaloides. 3. The nerium-leaved ihrubby Titbymaloides, Tourti. Inft. p. 654.

1 1THYMALUS, Spurge, in botany, the name of a large ge- nus of plants the characters of which are thefe : The flower confifts of one leaf, and is of the campaniform kind but glo- bofe, divided into feveral fegments at the edge, and inclofed in two little leaves which feem to ferve in the place of a cup to it. The piftil arifes from the bottom of the flower, and is ufually of a three-cornered fhape ; this ripens into a fruit of the fame form, which contains many oblong feeds. The fpecies of Tithymai defcribed by authors are thefe :

I. The myrtle-leaved tree-Spurge, 2. The broader-leaved
 * tree-Spurge ; this is evidently no other however than a variety

of the firft fpecies, fince, though very different in appearance, it arifes from the feeds of that plant. 3. The turberofe-rootcd tret-Spurge, with fmooth leaves, and a rough wart-like feed. 4. The leaf lefs African tree-Spurge. 5. The cotinus -leaved American tree-Spurge. 6.Thecotinus-Ieavedtrce-ty«r£*,witIi fmaller leaves {landing in bundles about the ftalk. 7. The blunt almond-leaved tree-Spurge of America. 8.' The toad- flax-leaved tree-Spurge of America. 9. The box-leaved Ihrubby American-tyar^. 10. The pale flowered Ethiopian tree-Spurge, with leaves like thofe of the German mczcreon.

II. The red almond-leaved exotic- Spurge. 12. The wood- Spurge, with lunated flowers. 13. The hairy-leaved almond- Spurge. 14. The creeping-rooted almond-o'/W£<?. 15 The gromwel-Ieaved Spurge. 16. The broad-leaved Spurge cal- led latbyris and cataputia by'authors. 17. The broad-leaved Spamfh o>>x*. 18. The wild German broad-leaved Spurge. 19. The yellow-leaved Spurge with hairy and finely indented leaves. 20. THeToft hairy wood-Spurge. 11. The great broad-leaved 6>«%a. 22. v Tnehoarymeadow-%*rgr. 23. The red-ftalkej willoj&leaved and Mite-leaved Spurge of Curaflb. 24. The green ftalked wiHow and blite-leaved Spurge of Cu- raflb, with* fmooth leaves. 25. The little annual narrow- leaved Spurge, called by many authors efula. 26. The little lock-Spurge. 27. Theobtufe-leavedlittle%r^. 28. The annual Spurge with leaves like thofe of flax. 29. The gentle mountain finall Spurge, called fweet Spurge, and efula dula's. 30. The watt-Spurge* or rough-fruited Spurge. 31 The narrow -leaved wm- Spurge. 32. The narrow-leaved almond- Spurge, called alypum by fome authors. 33. The cyprefs- Spurge, called alfo bumipinus, and efula in the ihops. 34 The red-bearded cyprefs-%r^. 35, Alpinus's cyprefs-AW*.

36. The toad-flax-leaved Spurge, with a lunated flower.

37. The pine-leaved Spurge, the pithiufa of Diofcorides.

38. The tea-Spurge, called Ttthymolus paralius. 39 The flax-leaved tree-%r^, called by Boccone the juniper-leaved fez-Spurge. 40. The prickly fa-Spurge. 41. The narrow- Jeaved almond- A>«rg*. 42. The jaggy -l eave d almond-Spurge.

43. The almond-fyar^, with a thick pear-faihioned root.

44. The little willow-leaved sparge. 45. The tuberofe or knotty-rooted Spurge, called by fome aptos. 46. The long- rooted tuberous Spurge. 47. The fhrubby mirth-Spurge.

48. I he broad-leaved triangular-fruited Portugal Spurge.

49. The olive-leaved bluifli green Spurge. 50. The little fmooth Spurge, with leaves like thofe of money-wort, cal- led cbamafyebe. 51. The little hmry Spu>ge, with leaves like thofe of money-wort. 52. The roundifh-leaved not dentated spurge, called by authors peplus, and efuli rotunda. 53. The common fan-Spurge, or heuoftfcpe- Sparge. 54. The annual Spurge, with oblong fharp pointed leaves, called by Boccone

- the annual pephs with a moffy flower, ce. The creeping annual Spurge, with a rounded yet pointed leaf. 56. Thl

red fa-Spurge, with obtufe and auriculated' leaves ; the leaves and ftalk of this plant are all red. 57. The green fa-Spurge with obtufe auriculated leaves; both the leaves and ftalk of this are green. 58. The many-fruited Sicilian Spurge with leaves like thofe of purfelain. 59. The perennial ftiort blunt- leaved kind. 60. The Spanifli kind, with long heart-fafhioned leaves. 61. The Aleppo Spurge, with round hoary leaves

62. The fpreading American Spurge, with ferrated leaves* and flowers ftanding in clufters in the alae of the leaves. And*

63. The erect American Spurge, with ferrated leaves, and clu- ftered flowers ftanding on long foot-ftalks. Tournef. Inft. p. 88.

TITILLARES Vena, a name given by fome Authors to the

iliac veins. TITILLICUM, a word ufed by fome anatomical writers for the

arm-pit. TITMOUSE, inzoology. See the articles Parus, andpRiN-

GILLAGO.

TITT, in the manege. See the article Nag.

IIZRI, a Je with month, anfwering to our September moon. See the article Tisri.

TIZZONAIOS, in the glafs art, are two apertures, one on each fide the working furnace, by which a fervitor night and day puts in coals to maintain the fire. Neri's art of Glafs, p. 242.

TEAM, or Slam, in the alum works, a word ufed by the work- men to exprefs a fort of mud or foulnefs which does great hurt to the alum, rendering it foul and coarfe. The Jlam is a muddy fubftance fettling to the bottom of the vefiels ; but in the boiling the liquor it gives it a reddifh colour, and diforders the whole works when in any great quantity. They always pafs their liquor over four parcels of the alum rock, and the laft if not catefully calcined generally gives it this difadvanta- gcous mixture. Phil. Tranf. N°. 142.

TLAOLI, in botany, a name ufed by fome authors for the plant called mai%e,frumentum Indicum, or Indian wheat. Herytand. p. 242. Pifo, Mane. Arom. p. 99.

TLAPALEZ-Patli, in botany, a name ufed by fome authors for the tree whole fruit is the ben-nut, and whofe wood the Lignum Ncphriticum of the fliops. Hcmand. p. 1 19.

TLAQUACUM, inzoology, the name given by the Spaniards and fome others to a very remarkable animal in America, com- monly known among us by the name of the pojf'um or opejfum. See the article Opossum.

1 LAQUATZ1N, in zoology, a name by which the natives in fome parts of America call the apojfum. See the article Opos- sum.

Tl aquatzin Spinofum, in zoology, the name by which Her- nandez has called the cuanda, a fort of Brafilian porcupine. Seethe article Cuanda.

TLATLANCUAYE, in botany, a name by which fome au- thors have called the plant which produces the long pepper ufed in medicine. Hernandez, p. 126.

TLANHQUACHUL, in zoology, the name of a Brafilian bird, very much approaching to the nature of the European platen or fpoonbill.

It is a very voracious bird, and feeds on live fifh, but will not; take or meddle with dead ones, and is all over of a beautiful red. It has a black ring round the upper part of its neck, and is common about the fhores of the fea and rivers. Marg- grave's Hift. of Brafil. See the article Platea.

TLAYOTIC, in natural hiftory, the name of a ftone found in new Spain, and ufed as a fovereign remedy againft the colic, and feveral other difeafes : it is a fpecies of jafper, ap- proaching to the nature of the lapis nephriticus, and of a oreen colour. The natives cut it into feveral forms for ufe. See the article Colicus Lapis.

TLEUQUECHOLTOTOTL, in zoology, the Mexican name of a bird of the wood-pecker kind, defcribed by Nieremberg, under the name of the avis falutiferus ; the feathers of a red creft it carries on its head, being fuppofed a remedy for head- achs.

TLILZOCHITL, in botany, a name ufed by feme authors for the plant whole pod is the fruit called vanilloes, and ufed in chocolate. De Laet. Ind. p. 230.

TMOLITES, the name of an excellent wine among the anti- ents, like the Falernian.

TOAD, in zoology. See the article Rubet a,

Toad-^V/?j, in ichthyology, an Englifh name for the rana pif- catrix or lophius. See the article Rana.

ToAD-f/w. See the article Ljnaria.

To AD-Powder, Pulvis Bufonum. Dr. Kramer fays, pulvis hu- fonum, when applied by way of pultice, with barley flour and urine, is an excellent remedy for ripening peftilential buboes, but that it has no fuch effect in venereal, or any other than peftilential buboes.

TOBACCO {Cycl)— In the ifland of Ceylon, there are two kinds of Tobacco cultivated for profit. They call both kinds dunkol, which fignifies a leaf the ufe of which is to be fmoaked. The one kind they call hmgele dunkol, or Jin- gele dunkol; for they make no difference between the letters S and H in their pronunciation ; the other they call dunkol kap- pada ; kappada fignifies gelding, and is a word of Portuguefe origin. This kappada-Tohacco is much ftronger and more intoxicating than the other ; but both kinds are the produce of the fame plant \ only the fingle Tobacco has very little care ■ 2 taken