Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/61

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fear, and the like; and from all violent emotions of the body.

A contrary extreme to the thinnefs and watery appearance of the Milk before deferred, is, a mucous tbicbiejs of it. This is principally troublelbme and dangerous to the parent, as it is apt to bring on tumors and nodes in the breall. The method of treatment in this cafe, is to give gentle alcxiphar- mics for fome days, then the gentle laxative medicines in fmall dofes, and hnally to allow a moderate ufe of wine. Stagnations of the Milk. Thefe are very frequent in lyings- in and are to be difcuffed by the fame method as was betorc ordered for the fending it back, in cafes where perfons do not choofe to give ſuch; and, to the things there directed, may be added, the internal ufe of fperma-Ccti and of calcin'd mountain cryitals, in powder; and externally, catapialms of fperma-ceti with fome volatile urinous fait, and the gentle compreflion of the breafts by wearing ftrait cloths about that part. Nodes of the Breajls often arife from the abundance and the mu- cous nature of the Milk. They are to be difcufled by plafters of fperma-ceti, with annife, parfley, and coriander feeds; and by gently rubbing with a lott fleili-brulb, as alio by wearing fome animal's ffcin that has a thick fur on it, which at once ferves the double office of warmth and a gentle friction. Ai'feffcs of the Breajis very often happen alio from the fame caufes; and thefe when there appears no hopes of difcuffing them are always to be brought to fuppuration as quick as pui- fible. A maturating plafter is to be laid on the parts that are to be broke, and the other parts are to be rubbed with fpi- rit of wine and camphor, and faffron jnfufed in it. When the matter in the abfeeis is ripe, if the fkin do not burft of itfelf it is to be immediately opened with a lancet; after this a plafter of equal parts of diachylon fimplex and that with the gums, with a little comphor mixed in it is to be applied; and afterwards digeftives are to be wholly avoided, and no dreffmgs but balfamics allowed. The liquor of myrrh, or a mixture of ehence of myrrh and amber and fpirit of turpen- tine, make an admirable dreffing; and internally, gentle purges are to be given, and the milder dicurctics, witii the ni- trous and falinc medicines. Cracks and fJJ'ures of the Nipples, is another terribly trou- bleſome complaint with thoſe who give ſuck. The bell: ap- plications to thefe, are the oil of eggs with the liquamen of the buds of the poplar, oil of wax, linfeed oil Ihook toge- ther with the whites and yelks of eggs, a liniment made of marygold-flowers and frefh butter, an ointment of liquorice, and the liquor produced Irom the flowers of mullein and mar- rygolds, heated together in an oven. The ſucking out the Milk, by means of a glafs pipe, is very necefiary during the continuance of this complaint; but the bell method of pre- venting it, is the applying white wax to the nipples for fome time before, as well as after the time of the labour. the Smallnejs of the Nipples is a trouble to many nurfes; thefe when the complaint is only owing to their lying-in, the breafts are to be forced out by the ſucking of a robult child of fix or more months old, by the application of the common glafs-pipe firft made warm, and by the ſucking of a grown perſon ex- perienced in ſuch cafes : All natural accidents of this kind may be cured by this means; but often the nipples have been ſo forced in by ſtays, at the very time of their growth in young girls, and this force continued ſo long, that no art is able to recal them to their natural llate, or make them fit for an infant to ſuck from.

The mifchiefs that fometimes attend perfons who have given ſuck, in the weaning of children, or on the death of a child, and the Milk being left undrawn out, are to be avoided, by letting fome other child ſuck a little at a time, and that lefs and lefs every day, arid by drawing afterwards a little every day with a pipe.

It is very common among nurſes to be extremely ſcrupulous about diet, and to require the niceſt foods for the creating good Milk; but it is evident, that though ſome care is neceffary to this purpoſe, yet it is not this; for the poorer peo- ple, wlio live on the coarfeft food, often have the richeft Milk. The whole necelfary caution feems to confift in a- voiding excefs, and feeding as much as poffible on fimple foods, without too many vegetables, and not to lead too fe- dentary a life.

Things hard of digeition are to be abftained from, as alfo acids; too fait meats, and all flatulent things, and the acrid and aromatic things, are to be very carefully meddled with; jince, tho they do not affect the mother, they feldom fail to bring diftempers upon the child. There is no better drink lor thofe who give luck than malt liquors, when they are well fettled and clear. Stronger things, even wine in thofe who are habituated to it, tho' it do not hurt them, is to be refrained from fince it fubjefls the child to convulfions and many other dlforders.

Over large draughts of cold liquors, and the expofing the breads too much to the cold, are often the caufes of very great dlforders both in the mother and the child Gentle excrcile, and motion of the body in general, is highly fervice- able to nurfes as is alfo that of the breafts in particular. lne gently flaking and preffing them throwing off the

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aqdeous part of the Milk, and filling the lactiferous &\x&Z more Ireely and copiouily, than would otherwife be done; I he improper methods of drefs in fome places, and fqueezing the girls into flendernefs by ftrait ftays, often occalions the iactiierous ducts to be fo contracted, and the nipples fo re- prefled, that no art can afterwards bring the perfon to be pro- perly qualified for ſuckling a child. Junker's Confp. Med. p. 732, feq.

Violent paliions of the mind are extremely injurious to thofe who give ſuck. It is very common to fee nodes and abfeef- les of the breafts brought on by thefe alone, and eryfipela- tous inflammations are as frequent in perfons of other habits, from the feme caufes. The child alio is often thrown into diarrhoea's, by it; and in general, it is a very neceffary rule to fqueeze and fhake the breafts to difcharge the Milk after a great flight, or a violent fit of paffion, before the child is fuf- tered to ſuck. If the mentis appear at the time of giving ſuck, the child is ufually greatly injured by the alteration the Milt fuffers.

When women are newly lain in, if the breafts become turgid, and there is danger of the Milk 's coagulating in them, the child if it be ftrong fnould be immediately put to ſuck; but if otherwife, the breafts are to be gently lhaken and prefled to difcharge the redundance, or another'child, or grown per- fon, put to ſuck them.

Extrali of Milk, a Iweetdry extraft of cows milk made by evaporation.

Fred. Hoffman recommends this extract, boiled with pure wa- ter to the quantity of what is exhaled of the Milk, as an ex- cellent drink in many diforders, where Milk'aiAi is not pro- per. See his Diftert. de Jaluberrima fori lacl. virtut. oper. Tom. VI. p. 13.

Milk is often thought improper with purgatives, and it cer- tainly does render fome peribns coftive; but this does not hold generally, nor perhaps for a long time, even in thofe whom it may fo affeft at firft. Hoffman recommends an ounce of manna diflblved in a pint of Milk as a good laxative.

Moon'sMlLK. See the article Lac Luna.

Milk-wort. See the article Lactaria.

MlLK-wort, in botany. See the article Glaux.

MILL (Cycl.)— MiLL-Dams. Avery firm way of making thefe in a quick or running fand, which is ufually found a very troublefome circumftance in the making them, is by laying the foundation with unilacked lime; which, by llackino* among the fend, runs together into a hard ftone, which gives a very firm and fure foundation. Plot's Staffordfhire,

, P-33 6 -

MjLL-Stones. The Mill-Jloms which we find preferred from antient times, are all fmall and very different from thofe in ufe at prefent. Thorefby mentions two or three fuch found in England, among other Roman antiquities, which were but twenty inches broad; and there is great reafon to believe that the Romans, as well as the Egyptians of old, and the antient Jews, did not employ horfes, or wind, or water, as we do, to turn their Mills, but made their flaves and captives of war do this laborious work; they were in this fervice placed be- hind thefe Mill-Jloncs, and pufhed them on with all their force, Sampfon, when a prifoner to the Philiftines, was treated no better, but was condemned to the Mill-Jlone in his prifon. The runner or loofe Mill-Jlone in this fort of grinding, was ufually very heavy for its fize, being as thick as broad. This is the Mill-Jlone which it is exprefly prohibited in Scripture to take in pledge, as lying loofe it was more eafily removed. The Talmudilts have a ftory, that the Chaldaans made the young men of the captivity carry Mill-Jlenes with them to Ba- bylon, where there feems to have been a fcarcity at that time; and hence, probably, their paraphrafe renders the text " have borne the Mills, or Milljloms;" which might thus be true, in a literal fenfe. They have alfo a proverbial expref- fion of a man with a Mill-Jlone about his neck; which they ufe to exprefs, a man under the fevereft weight of affliction. This alfo plainly refers to thefe fmall fort of {tones.

MILLAINS, according to Mr. Wingate, are the third fubdi- vifion of the primes m Gunter's line; and exprefs the thou- fandth parts of fuch primes.

MILLEFOLIUM, Yarrow, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : The flower is of the radiated kind; its difk is compofed of flofcules, and its outer edge of femi-flofcules, which all ftand up on the embryo-feeds, and are contained in one general fquam- mofe cup, of a fort of cylindric figure. The embryo's final- ly ripen into flender feeds; to this it is to be added, that tire leaves are always finely divided, and the flowers are col- lected into tufts.

The fpecies of Yarrow, enumerated by Mr. Tournefort, are thefe : 1. The great white-flowered Yarrow, called Achillea. 2. The common white- flowered Yarrow. 3-The great purple- flowered Yarrow. 4. The common Yarrow, with purple flowers. 5. The noblzYarrotu, or fcented Yarrow. 6. The Montpelier fweet Yarrow. 7. The hoary alpine Yarrow, with flefli-coloured flowers. 8. The hoary alpine Yarrow, with beautiful flowers. 9. The woolly yellow Yarrow. Tourn. Inft. p. 495.

The