Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/352

 RAN

very hairy and the hoofs moveable, for the creature expands and opens them in going ; it is an extremely fwift, as well ■as ftrong animal ; its horns are very long, and finely branched, and particularly run out immediately from the forehead into two fingered branches ; in the middle there is a little branch, like the joints in the italics of fome plants ; and thence again they are divided into broad fingered feg- ■ments. They differ from the horns of the elk in their length, and from thofe of the flag or red deer in their breadth, and from both, in the multitude of branches, and in their colour which is white. The lower branches, which fall very near the forehead, are faid to be ufed by the crea- ture to break the ice, when the waters are frozen over, that he may get drink. It feeds on fhrubs and plants, and on the mofs, which it finds on the earth and upon the barks of trees.

It is of prodigious ufe, as a beaft of carriage to the Lap- landers, and almoft all the other nations far north. Scheffer alledges from Tornasus, that the rein deer, though a cloven footed animal, and plainly of the deer kind, does not chew the cud. This, however, is wholly difbelieved by the more accurate naturalists. Ray's Sept. Quad. p. 88.

RANIN/E vena, a name given by anatomifts to the larger veins under the tongue.

RANIO, in natural hiftory, a name given by fome writers to bole armenir.

RANK (Cyel.)— Rank keel, in a {hip. SeeKEEL, Cycl

RANUNCULUS, crowfoot, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe. The flower is of the rofaceous kind, confifting of feveral leaves difpofed in a circular order, and ufually {landing in a many leaved cup. The piftil arifes from the center of the flower, and finally becomes a fruit of a roundifh, oval, or fpiked fhape, to the axis of which there grow, as to a placenta, a great number of feeds, which are ufually naked.

The fpecies of ranunculus enumerated by Mr. Tournefort are very many, and for the fake of order, in fo large a num- ber, they are divided into feveral fe£tions. I. Thofe which have the appearance of the anemonies. 2. Thofe which have roundifh leaves. 3. Thofe ufually known by the name of the Afiatic ranunculufes. 4. The fmooth leaved ranun- culufes. 5. The aconite or geranium leaved ranunculufes. 6. The fine leaved ranunculufes j and 7. The long leaved ranunculufes. Tourn.hitt. p. 285.

The fpecies of the aneinony ranunculufes are thefe. I. The yellow wood ranunculus. 2. The fingle yellow flowered wood ranunculus, with fmaller and more deeply divided leaves. 3. The common white wood ranunculus, called the white wood anemony. 4. The purple flowered wood ra- nunculus, commonly called the purple wood anemony. 5. The purpiifh red wood ranunculus. 6. The double purple wood ranunculus. 7. The double white wood ranunculus with a border of leaves. 8. The common double white wood ranuyiculus. 9. The trifoliate white wood ranunculus, commonly called the trefoil wood anemony. 10. The large leaved blue flowered wood ranunculus of the Apennine mountains, n. The fmaller leaved Apennine blue wood ranunculus. 12. The wood ranunculus with fmall blue flow- ers. 13. The double violet coloured wood ranunculus. Ibid. p. 286.

Of the roundifh leaved ranunculufes, the fpecies are thefe. 1. The round leaved wood ranunculus, commonly called Tragus's fweet crowfoot. 2. The fpring wood crowfoot with marfh marygold or thora leaves. 3. The Virginian wood crowfoot with foft leaves and fmall flowers. 4. The large crowfoot with afphodel roots, and fowbread leaves. 5, The fmaller crowfoot with afphodel roots and fowbread leaves. 6. The larger round leaved fpring crowfoot called little ce- landine or pilewort. 7. The fmaller round leaved fpring crowfoot called the common pilewort. 8. The fmaller round leaved fpring crowfoot, or celandine, with fpot- ted leaves. 9. The fmaller round leaved fpring crowfoot, or little celandine, with double flowers. 10. The fmaller round leaved fpring crowfoot, or celandine, with two rows of petals. 11. The mountain crowfoot with leaves like thofe of the parnaflia. 12. The alpine crowfoot with water cal- trop leaves. 13. The ivy leaved water crowfoot with very fmall white flowers. 14. The American water crowfoot with afarabacca leaves, and flowers in umbels at the joints of the ftalks. 15. The little fmallage leaved rock crozvfoct with tuberofe reticulated roots. 16. The ground ivy leaved knotty rooted Portugal crozvfoot. 17. The round leaved creeping crowfoot with echinated feeds. 18. The marfh crowfoot with echinated feeds. 19. The crctic echinated ftarry crowfoot. 20. The broad leaved bullated afphodel rooted crowfoot. 21. The fmall flowered round leaved Portugal crowfoot. 22. The double flowered broad leaved autumnal crowfoot. 23. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with fingle blue flowers. 24. The trifoliate fpring crow- foot with violet coloured flowers. 25. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with pale purplifli flowers. 26. The trifoliate fpring crozvfoot with fingle bright red flowers. 27. The trifoliate (bring crowfoot with fingle flefh coloured flowers. 28. The trifoliate fpring crozvfoot with fingle greyifh flow-

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RAN

ers. 29. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with fingle large white flowers. 30. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with fmaller fingle white flowers. 31, The trifoliate fpring crow- foot with fingle white flowers edged with red. 32. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with double blue flowers. 33, The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with double purple flowers. 34. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with double flefh coloured flowers. 35. The trifoliate fpring crowfoot with double variegated flowers, Thefe plants, properly named trifoliate crowfoots, are the fpring garden flowers, commonly called hepaticas.

Of the third fet of ranunculufes, commonly called the Afiatic ranunculufes, the fpecies are thefe. 1. The knobby rooted Afiatic ranunculus with very fmall fingle fcarlet flowers. 2. The branched knobby rooted ranunculus. 3. The knobby- rooted ranunculus with yellow flowers, being variegated with red. 4. The knobby rooted ranunculus with white flowers. 5. The knobby rooted ranunculus with fnow white flowers. 6. The knobby rooted ranunculus with pale yellow flowers ftreaked with red. 7. The knobby rooted ranunculus with fingle yellow flowers. 8. The knobby rooted ranunculus with fingle flowers, of a deep yellow, with red bottoms and red edges. 9. The fingle whitifh flowered Afiatic ranunculus. 10. The fingle rayiunculus with a red lead coloured flower with yellow edges. 11. The rofe coloured ranunculus with white edges, and ftreaks of white in the flower. 12. The butterfly ranunculus with yellow flowers fpotted with red. 13. The fingle crim- fon fweet fcented ranunculus. 14. The piony ranunculus, or the large bloody purple flowered kind. 15. The Aleppo ranunculus with flowers ftreaked with yellow and red. 16. The ranunculus with a very wide, open, red lead co- loured flowers. 17. The lemon coloured and red ranun- culus. 18. The white proliferous ranunculus with crim- fon ftamina. 19. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with blood coloured flowers. 20. The afphodel rooted ranun- culus with a reddifh purple flower. 21. The afphodel root- ed ranunculus with yellow flowers with red veins. 22. The double ranunculus, variegated with yellow and red, called by the French the feraphiqim. 23. The proliferous afpho- del rooted ranunculus with red coloured flowers. 24. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with a ve'ry large blood co- loured flower. 25. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with yellow flowers ftreaked with red. 26. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with double greenifh white flowers. 27. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with fmall double white flowers ftreaked with red. 28. The afphodel rooted ranunculus with great double white rofe-like flowers. 29. The afphodel root- ed ranunculus with great double violet coloured flowers. 30. The great Conftantinople ranunculus with fcarlet flowers. 31. The great Conftantinople ranunculus with elegantly va- riegated flowers. 32. The Roman giant ranunculus with a red lead coloured flower. 33. The giant Roman ranunculus with very double flowers, variegated with red and yellow. Town. Inft. p. 288.

Of the fet of tender leaved crowfiots, the fpecies are thefe. 1. The late flowering rue leaved ranunculus with double gold yellow flowers. 2. The early rue leaved ranuyiculus with bright red flowers. 3. The tender leaved afphodel rooted mountain ranunculus. 4. The horn like leaved ranunculus with foliated feeds, collected into fpikes, called by many the fmaller cow wheat. 5. The common corn ranunculus with echinated feeds. 6. The greater nar- row leaved woolly ranunculus with afphodel roots. 7. The lefler narrow leaved woolly grumofe rooted ranuyiculus.

8. The fmallage leaved afphodel rooted woolly ranunculus.

9. The fumitory leaved Alpine rayiunculus. 10. The pur- ple mountain ranunculus with hairy cups. Toitrn, Inft. p- 289.

Of the fet of aconite or crane's bill leaved crowfoots, the fpecies are thefe. 1. The upright acrid meadow crowfoot.

2. The upright acrid meadow crozvfoot with fpotted leaves.

3. The fingle many flowered meadow crowfoot. 4. The upright crowfoot with pale hairy leaves. 5. The upright or fweet or not acrid meadow crozvfoot. 6. The great fallad crozvfoot. 7. The common hairy creeping field croivfoot. 8. The common hairy creeping meadow crowfoot with leaves variegated with white. 9. The - round rooted mea- dow crowfoot. 10. The lefler round rooted meadow crow- foot. 11. The little field crozvfoot with trlfid leaves. 12,

The annual hairy field crowfoot with extremely fmall flowers. 13. The double flowered ere£t garden crowfoot. 14. The gieat hairy creeping double flowered crowfoot. 15. The garden crowfoot with bending heads. 16. The double flow- ered fweet crowfoot. 17. The double flowered round rooted crowfoot. 18. The tuberofe rooted proliferous double crowfoot. 19. The grumofe rooted crowfoot with leaves like thefe of the common round rooted kind. 20. The Cre- tic afphodel rooted crozvfoot. 21. The round leaved procum- bent alpine crowfoot with fmall flowers. 22. The low round leaved alpine crowfoot with larger flowers. 23. The tall hairy white flowered mountain croivfoot. 24. The low hairy mountain crowfoot with Narciflus flowers. 25. The purple flowered hairy mountain crozvfoot. 26. The aconite leaved

moun-