Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/331

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whole from the fire, fuffer it to cool gradually, and finally flop the bottle very clofe down.

A little of this powder being poured out of the bottle, and expofed to the open air, immediately takes fire, and appears like a glowing coal; but the powder muft be frefh made to have a good effect, for the fun's rays* or the moifture of the air being admitted to it, gradually take away its virtue. Almoft any animal or vegetable fubftance may be fubftituted inftead of Wheat-flour in this procefs, and it will fucceed equally well ; but no other fait will do in the place of alum. Shazu's Leisures, p. 406. PYROPHYLACIA, a term ufed by JCircher and fome others to exprefs thofe magazines of fire which are placed in the cavities of mountains and other hollows of the earth, and ferve to fupply the feveral volcanos in the different parts of the world. See Volcano. PYROSCOPIA, among the Greeks, a kind of divination, be- ing the fame with pyromancy and ignifpicium. See the article Pyromancy, Cycl. PYROSIS, a word ufed to exprefs an intenfe heat and rednefs in the face, fuch as that of perfons who travel in extremely hot ■weather, and the like. PYRRHALA, in zoology, the name of a bird well known in England by the name of the hul finch, and called by fome au- thors rubi cilia.

It is a beautiful bird, and fings very fweetly ; but does great mifchief in gardens and orchards, deftroying the buds of the fruit-trees. PYRRHOCORNIX, in zoology, a name given by authors to a bird of the crow-kind, defcribed by fome authors as a diftinct fpecies ; but Mr. Ray, and other very judicious natu- ralifts, eficem it the fame with the coracias, or Cornifh chough, or only differing in age or by other accidents. Ray's Ornithol. p. 86. See Coracias. PYRROPCECILOS, in the natural hiftory of the antients, the name by which they call the granite' of Arabia, commonly known to this day under the name of the oriental granite. The name is derived from the Greek itv^, fire, or fire- coloured, and OTotxi;\o;, fpotted j and the antients having ufed the epithet fiery to yellow, as well as red, fome have imagined the gra- nite muit be a yellow ftone; but it is evident that red is the colour meant by it here. Hill's Hift. of FofT. p. 500. PYRSEPHORUS, w^opo,-, in the Athenian feftival, hephsf-

tia, the fame with lampadephorus. SeeLAMPADEPHORUS. PYRUS, the pear-tree, in botany, the name of a genus of trees, the characters of which are thefe : the flower is of the rofa- ceous kind, and is compofed of feveral petals arranged in a circular form. The cup finally becomes a flefhy fruit, ufually of a turbinated fhape, umbilicated, and divided within into cells which contain oblong feeds. Town. Inft. p. 629. The fpecies of pear, enumerated by Mr. Tournefort, are thefe : 1. The double-flowered fear. 2. The final], branched, very fweet-fcented fummer-pear. 3. The fummer-pear, with very fmall and fweet-fcented fruit. 4. The fweet- flavoured fummer-pear, partly of a deep red, and partly of a yellow colour. 5. The fmall, yellowifh, fweet-flavoured pear. 6. The round, feflile, fweet-flavoured fummer-pear, variegated with black fpots. 7. The round, feflile, fweet flavoured, fugar-tafted fummer-pear, of a purplifli green colour. 8. The oblong, iron -coloured, fweet-flavoured fummer-/>ear, with ten- der pulp. 9. The fnaall fummer-pear, of a whitifh green co- lour. 10. The greater whitifh fummer-pear. 11. The whitifh, fugar-tafted, very fweet-flavoured, fummer-pear. 12. The whitifh fummer-pear, with a long pedicle. 13. The oval fummer-pear, variegated with iron-coloured fpots. 14. - The oblong, reddifh, fugar-tafted, fummer-pear. 15. The fmall, roundifh, vinous, fummer-pear, of a reddifh yellow co- lour. 16. The fugar-tafted turbinated fummer-p^ar, with tender pulp. 17. The oblong, fmall, afh-coloured fweet- flavoured fummer-pear. 18. Theglobofe, feflile, fugar-tafted, fumtner-pear, of a whitifh yellow colour. 1 9. The fugar- tafted, globofe, whitifh fummer-pear. 20. The globofe, feflile, fweet-flavoured Hummer-pear. 2 1 . The turbinated, feflile, red-coloured, and punctated Cummer-pear. 22. The turbi- nated, feflile, fweet-flavoured, Cummer-pear, partly yellow, and partly variegated with red fpots and veins. 23, The long, red, Cummer-pear, of a fomewhat acid tafte. 24. The glo- bofe, greenifh purple, Cummer-pear. 25. The globofe, fugar- tafted, fweet-flavoured, fummer-pear, of a yellowifh colour, blended with red and white. 26. The great oblong fummer- pear, partly red and partly white. 27 . The long Cummer-pear, of an extremely bitter tafte. 28. The autumnal -pear, with very fweet fruit, which diflbives in the mouth. 29. The

feflile, fugar-tafted, fweet-flavoured, autumnal -pear, of a green- ifh yellow colour, and diflolving in the mouth. 30. The tur- binated autumnal-pear, of a green colour, variegated with blood-coloured veins. 31. The roundifh autumnal-/ ear, of a reddifh iron colour, fometimes fpotted. 32. The Ion<% green, fweet-flavoured autumnal-/> t -ar, which diflbives in the mouth. 33. The tuberous, feflile, autumnal-pear, of a green- ifh yellow colour, variegated with black fpots, with fuaar- tafted tender pulp. 34. The tuberous, feflile, fugar-tafted, autumnal-pear, with hard pulp. 35. The globofe, iron-co- loured, very fweet-tafted autumml-^ear, with tender pulp. 36. The turbinated, feflile, autumnal-pear, with yellowifh fruit, difTolving in the mouth. 37. The globofe, iron-co- loured, autumn al-p&r, with vifcid pulp. 38. The Eiifflifli pear, with long fruit, variegated with iron-coloured fpots. 39. The very fweet-flavoured, fugar-tafted, pale-red, oblong, autumnal-^ftzft 40. The great afh-coloured, oblong, autum- nal-pear. 41. The roundifh, fweet-flavoured, red, autumnal- pear. 42. The fmall, globofe, punctated, autumnal-pear, of a greenifh red colour. 43. The fmall, tuberous, feflile, darkifh- coloured, autumn al-pear. 44. The tuberous, turbinated, punc- tated, autumnal -pear, of a yellowifh or whitifh colour. 45. The turbinated, yellow, or ftriated, fubacid, autumnal pear: 46. The turbinated, fading yellow, and fomewhat bitter, aro- matic tailed, autumnal -pear. 47. The turbinated, feflile, yel- low, autumnal-pear, with a fomewhat bitter aromatic tafte. 48. The turbinated, feflile, yellow, autumnal-pear, with ftriated ribs. 49. The tuberous, angular, autumnal-pear, of a yellowifh, fading green colour. 50. The tuberous autum- nal-pear, with a thin, pellucid fkin, partly red, and partly- yellow. 51. The oval, fomewhat angular, autumnal-pear, with a very tender fkin of a faint yellow. $2. The large winterer, of a reddifh yellow colour, and fhaped like a py- ramid. 53. The pyramid like winter-pear, partly purple, variegated with black fpots, and partly yellow. 54. The great oblong, turbinated, iron-coloured, Windfor-pear, umbi- licated on both fides. 55. The great quince like winter-pear, partly yellow, and partly purple. 56. The very fweet-flavour- ed, yellow, Winter-pear, with a thick pedicle. 57. The great feflile, winter-pear, of a yellowifh grey colour. 58. The glo- bofe, feflile, winter-pear, of an afh-colour, variegated with large dark fpots. 59. The long yellow winter-pear. 60. The fmall winter-pear, of a yellow colour, variegated with red fpots, and a bitter tafte. 61. The oval, fugar-tafted, winter- pear, of an iron colour, with a faint admixture of purple. 62. The citron-fhaped, hard, and very fweet-flavoured, win- ter-pear. 63. The globofe, feflile, fugar-tafted, fweet-flavour- ed, winter-pear. 64. The turbinated and unequally tumid winter-pear, partly purple, and partly yellow. 65. The great globofe w'mter-pear, of a yellow colour, variegated with red fpots. 66. The turbinated, feflile, winter-pear, of a fubacid tafte, a yellow colour, and covered with a multitude of fharp points. 67. The turbinated, feflile, yellow, fugar-tafted, winter-pear, of a fweet fmell, and diflolving in the mouth. 68. The tuberous, turbinated, greater fugar-tafted, winter-pear, diflolving in the mouth, 69. The oblong, fugar-tafted, fweet- flavoured, winter-pear, of a partly deep and partly faint iron colour. 70. The oblong, winter-pear, of a very pale red co- lour. 71. The oblong, yellowifh green, winter-pear, of an aufterely fweetifli tafte. 72. The oblong, tuberous, fubacid, winter-pear, of a punctated yellow colour. 73. The tuberous, fugar-tafted, punctated, yellowifh green, winter-pear. 74. The long, whitifh green, winter-pear, difTolving in the mouth. 75. The long, yellowifh green, winter-pear, difTolving in the mouth. 76. The feflile, yellowifh green, winter-pear, fpotted, umbilicated on both fides, and diflolving in the mouth. 77. The globofe, pale green, tuberous, punctated, w'mter-pear, diflolving in the mouth. 78. The great pyramidal, whitifh, fugar-tafted, fweet-fcented, winter-pear, difTolving in the mouth. 79. The feflile, iron-coloured, very fweet-fcented, winter-pear, difTolving in the mouth. 80. The globofe, ci- tron-fliaped, punctated, yellow, winter-pear, diflolving in the mouth, and very fweet-fcented. 81. The long, fugar-tafted, yellowifh green, winter-pear, difTolving in the mouth. 82. The feflile, winter-pear, partly purple, and partly yellow. 83. The great, double-headed, winter-pear. 84- The tuberous and angular winter-pear. 85. The oval, paler green, win- ter-pear, with a very long pedicle, and befet with tubercles. 86. The wild pear. 87. The great wild pear. Tourn. Inft. Bot. p. 628, feq. Seethe article Pear. PYULCUM, a word ufed by the antients to exprefs an inftru- ment ufed in their times to draw out the pus from the bottom of deep fuaufes, probably a fort of canula.

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