Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 2.djvu/104

 M U S

M U S

iJyponhematlc, or Chorale Music is ufed by fume authors for a fort of Mufic fit for ballads and dancing.

Injlrumental Music is ufed to denote mufical compofitions made to be executed by inftruments.

Melijmatic, or Melodic Music, is ufed to denote a fong, or fmgle part, merely for a voice or for an instrument, Brof- fard. See the article Melody, Cyd.

Melopoe'tic Music is the fciencc or art of ranging and difpofmg founds in fuccefiion in an agreeable manner ; or the art of making melody. See the articles Melody and Melo- poeia, Cyd.

Meafured Mu sic, Mufica Mifurata, among the Italian au- thors, a kind of Mufic the notes of which are unequal. It is contrary to Mufica Plena, or Chorale.

Metabolic Music, Mufica Metabolica, among the Italians, is properly Mufic tranfpofed, as when the piece goes out of its natural mode into a tranfpofed one, the better to exprefs the words, or to diftinguifh fume change in the action, paffion, motion, c5V,

Mark Music, Mufica Metrlca, is ufed by Italian authors, to denote the harmonious cadence of the voice, heard when any one declaims, or repeats verfes ; or it is an air compofed to verfes.

Modern Music. See the article Modern.

Modulatory Music, Mufica Modulatorla, among the Italians, that part of Mufic which teaches to compofe or modulate, i. e. that fixes rules for the ufe of modes, and teaches either to iing or play well. See the articles Mode, and Modula- tion, Cyd.

Odic Music, Mufica Odica, among the Italians, is the fame with hyporchematic, or chorale. Vid. fupra.

Organic Music, Mufica Organica, among the Italians, is ufed to denote mufical compofitions defigned to be performed by inftruments only.

Pathetic Music, Mufica Pathetica, is amoving and affecting kind of Mufic, that caufes emotions in the mind, either of love, grief, or pity.

Poetic Music, Mufica Poctica, is fometlmes ufed for the art of inventing fongs, of modulating concords and difcords to- gether agreeably, and making what we call compofitions, ■ fcjfc

Recitative Music, Mufica Recitatlva, fcenlca or dramatlca, a fort of Mufic ufed in operas, &c. irregular as to time, being a declamation in fmging, to exprefs the paffions ; From its be- ing thus irregular in its time, the Italians often place the phrafe a tempo gluflo, when the recitative ends, and an air, be it minuet, jigg, or any other s follows, to fnew that the time is then ftridtly to be obferved.

Rhythmic Music, Mufica Rythmic a, is ufed for the harmony or cadence of the words in profe ; or a fong compofed to ■words in profe. BroJJard.

Scenic Music, the fame with Recitative. See above.

Signatory Music, Mufica Signatoria, is ufed for that part of Mufic which teaches the knowledge of the characters, notes, figures, paufes, and all other figns and marks whatever, ufed in Mufic.

Vocal Music, Mufica Vocale, or that compofed for the voice, in oppofition to organical or instrumental, which is intended to be played on inftruments only.

Music Shell, in natural biftory, the name of a fpecies of fhell- fifh of the murex kind, remarkable for its variegations, which confift of feveral feries of fpots placed in rows of lines, like the notes of Mufic.

MUSICAL {Cyd.) — Musical Numbers are 2, 3, and 5, to- gether with their compoiites. They are fo called becaufe all the intervals of mufic may be expreffed by fuch numbers. See the article Interval,

This is now generally admitted by mufical theories' 3. Mr. Euler feems to fuppofe, that 7 or other primes might be intro- duced ; but he fpeaks of this as a matter doubtful and difficult b. It is to be obferved, that 2 correfponds to the octave, 3 to the fifth, or rather to the twelfth, and 5 to the third major, or rather the feventeenth c. From thefe three may all other in- tervals be found (l . — [ a Euler Tentam. Nov. Theor. Muf. p. 62, 163. Dr. Pepujch in Phil. Tranf. N°.48i. p. 267, feq. b Euler, ibid. p. 163. c Phil- Tranf. ibid. d Euler & Pe- pufeb. loc. cit.]

MUS1MON, in natural hiftory, the name of an animal efteem- ed a fpecies of fheep, defcribed by the antients as common in Corfica and Sardinia, and found in no other part of the world. It is much to be fufpected, whether the animal defcribed un- der this name is now any where to be found in the world ; not that it is to be fuppofed that any fpecies of animal once created is become extinct, but that this probably was a fpu- rious breed between two animals of different fpecies, perhaps the fheep and goat, which like the mule not being able to propagate its fpecies, may havefailed ever fince, TheodorcBeza, indeed, gives an account of an animal, which he received from an ignorant countryman of Sardinia; which, he (aid, was peculiar to that place, and was called mufio ; that its hide and hair was like that of a deer, its horns wholly like thofe of a ram, curling back to its ears, and its fize that of a middling ftag; and that it fed on vegetables, and lived among

the rocks. The tragelaphus of BeHonius differs little frbirt the Mufimon, according to the defcriptions of both. Ray's Syn. Quad. p. 75.

MUSIC (Cyd.) — Mufic, and other perfumes of the fame tribe, have been long celebrated as antilpafmodics, but were formerly ordered in fuch fmall quantities as to have little effect. Prac- titioners thought four or five grains a large dofe. But the Chi- nefe have taught us to be more bold ; the tenth part of an ounce is an ufual dofe among them. The remedv in the eail for the bite of the mad dog contains 16 grains of Mujk, and this they repeat frequently. See the article Madness. The effects of Mujk are, eafe from pain, quiet fleep, and a copious diaphorcfis. Hence it has been found of great ufe in fpafmodic diforders, petechial, malignant, putrid fevers, the goal diftemper, hiccoughs, fubjultus tendinum, &c. For the particular cafes we refer tu the Philofophical Tranfactions, N°. 4 74- §• 18.

It has alfo been found ufeful in fpafmodic diforders, given by way of clyfter, as Dr. Wall obferves, in that Tranfachon. The operation of Mujk, in fome refpects, refembles that of opium ; but is in this much preferable, that it does not leave behind it any itupor or languidnefs, which the latter often does. Mujk therefore feems likely to anfwer in thofe low cafes where fleep is much wanted, and opiates are im- proper.

It is faid to be belt given in a bolus, and that thofe who are moft averfe to perfumes, may take it in that form without in- convenience. For, as Ftmuller and others, have long -ago obferved, the fmell of the perfume is often found to be of dif- fervice, where the fubftance inwardly taken produces good effect, Phil. Tranf ibid.

It is pity that a medicine of this confequence fhoukl be fo liable to adulterations, and that the criteria of its genuinenefs are ill fettled.

In a paper read before the Royal Society March 17, 174!, feveral cures performed by Mujk on diitempered cows, were mentioned.

When Mujk begins to decay, it is a practice ufed in the Fart-Indies to put it into a bladder or bags, wherein many fmall holes are made with a needle, and hang it in a neceffary houfe, but not low enough to touch the filth. Others keep it wrapped up in linnen, well moiftned with rank urine. Boyle's Works abr. Vol, 1. p. 146.

Mr. Boyle fays of his own knowledge that Mujk has greatly contributed to the prefervation of flclh. Works abr. Vol. 1. p. 30.

MusK-^Kf, the name given by Lifter and Ray, to a peculiar fpecies of ant, which is of the number of the perfumed in- fects. It is found on dry banks, and is fo much fmaller than the common ant, that it needs no other distinction. Thofe of this fpecies which are without wings are of a yellowifh co- lour, and when bruifed or crufhed emit a fharp and acid fmell, as the common ant does ; but thofe which have wings are coal-black, and thefe, inftead of the four fmell of the others, emit a perfume not to be endured for its Strength. The fmell of all the perfumed infects goes off in keeping ; and thefe little creatures, after they have been dead and dry fome time, are found to fmell lefs ifrongly, but much more agreeably. Phil. Tranf. N°. 76.

MusK-Inficl, a term ufed by fome to exprefs the Capricorn, or Mujk beetle; but it is too loofe a phrafe for that animal, fince there are other infects which fmell as ftrongly of that per- fume. There is a fmall kind of bee very frequent in the paftures of Lincolnshire, and feveral other parts of England, in April. This frequents the ranunculus and dandelion flowers, and has a very Strong and fine fcent of Mujk. There is alfo a hexapode worm, which feeds on the gallium luteum, or yellow ladies bedftraw, which has the fame perfumed fcent in a no lefs degree. Both thefe infects, and even the Capri- corn beetle, lofe their perfume when they have been fome time dead. Phil. Tranf. N°. 76. See the article Capri- corn Beetle.

MusK-Rat, an animal very common in feveral parts of America, and greatly refembling the beaver in all refpedts, except fize. A full-grown Mujk-rat might very naturally be mistaken for a beaver of about a month old. And Mr. Sarazin, of the A- cademy at Paris, obferves, that the Indians call thefe the fame animals, only diftinguifhing the beaver by the name of the elder, and the Mujk-izx of the yctmger brother. They live in fummer on all forts of plants, and in winter on the great roots of the water-lilly. They live in communities, at Ieaft they always do fo in winter, and erect: themfelves certain ha- bitations of different fizes, fome fuited for the reception of only one family, others for a great number of fuch. Their great care is employed in the chuting a proper place for thefe habitations ; for it is neceffary that they mould be not only de- fended from the injuries of weather, but freely open to the water, and that without fear of inundations ; and they muft alfo be in the neighbourhood of large plantations of the roots on which they are to feed. To have all thefe neceffary con- veniencies they always build in the fteep banks of fome river, which has a level bottom, and a wide bed without too much depth ; and as fuch rivers always abound with the roots they 3 wanti