Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/933

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drying, or afterwards. The green colour feems to be wholly the effect of the fea fait ; for not only this aluminate impreg- nation, but others in which other falts had been employed, were always found to be of a different colour. Glauber's fait ufed inftead of common fea fait, left the mafs red in the fame manner as alum did. Nitre added inftead of fea fait, gave the precipitate or dried fait of a beautiful purple colour, which became white on the inftant that water was poured upon it, and a rofe coloured tincture was drawn from it, which gave lines or letters on paper, which continued in- vifible as long as they were cold, but afiumed a beautiful red on holding the paper to the fire ; which colour they retained no longer than while the paper continued warm, difappearing afterwards in the fame manner with the green colours made by the fea fait* and if a fimple folution of fea fait be rubbed over the paper, and fuffered to dry, and the paper be after- wards heated, the lines appear blue. Borax has the fame ef- fect in this preparation with the nitre. All thefe experiments were made with the neutral falts ; but in order to try what would be the effects of alkalies in the mixture, Mr. Heliot added to three ounces of the impregnation of the ore in aqua fortis, pure fait of tartar, till the ebullition ceafed; but the confequence of this was no great precipitation, but merely the fubfiding of a fmall white fediment; this mixture being evaporated nearly to a drynefs, the remaining mafs, fo long as it was warm, appeared of a beautiful purple ; but this became paler as it dried, and turned white in an inftant on pouring water upon it. This, diflblved in water in the man- ner of the others, gave lines on paper of a faint rofe colour, which appear'd or difappear'd in the manner of thofe made by the other folutions, according as the paper was hot or cold ; and the wetting the paper with a folution of fea fait, had the fame effects on this as on the others, making the lines appear blue on holding to the fire. Mem. Acad. Par. 1737.

Indian Ink. The Chinefe have often attempted to ufe this in their porcelain, to give the colour of black to the figures traced on white veffels, but it has been a vain attempt ; for however beautiful and ftrong the figures might appear when firft laid on, and even when the veifels were dried, it all dif- appear'd on the baking, and they came out quite white as they were put in. The colours for this ufc muft be fuch as can penetrate the varnifh, and endure the fire. Mineral co- lours alone are found to have thefe qualities, and thefe alone therefore are to be employed ; fuch tight ones as this black burning off from the furface, and wholly difappearing. Obf. de les Coutumes de 1'Afie. p. 329.

INLAGATION, Inlagatio, a reftoring of one out-Iawed to the protection of the law, and benefit of a fubject. Bracl. lib. 3. tract. 2. c. 14. Leg. Canut. par. 1. c. 2. The word comes from the Saxon In-lagiam, i. e. inlagare. Terms of law. Blount^ Cowel.

INLAGH, Inlagatus, he that is of fome frank-pledge, and not out-Iawed. It feems to be the contrary to TJtlagb. Bracl. tract. 2. lib. 3. c. n. Terms of law.

INLEASED, in our old writers, fignifies entangled or enfnared ; it is ufed in the champion's oath. 2 Inft. 247. Blount.

INN, or Inner, in the manege, is applied differently, accor- ding as the horfe works to the right or left upon the volts, or as he works along, by a wall, a hedge, or the like. For along or by a wall, the leg that is of a fide with, or next the wall is the outer, and the other the in or inner leg. And if upon volts, the horfe works to the right, the right heel is the inner, and the left the outer heel, and fo of the other parts of the body, furniture, &c. The direct contrary of this will happen, if the horfe works to the left.

INNOM1NATA OJfa. See the article Ossa innominata.

INOCULATION, or Inoculating, (Cycl.) in gardening, an operation in the propagation of trees, ufually praetifed on all ftone fruit, and commonly known by the name of budding. Peaches, nectarines, cherries, plums, &c. as alfo oranges and jefamines, fucceed very well this way, and it is indeed preferable to any other for fruit trees in general. The method of performing it is this : The operator muft be provided with a fharp penknife having a flat haft, the ufe of which is to raife the bark of the ftock to admit the bud, and fome found baffinat, which mould be foaked in water to encreafe its ftrength, and make it more pliable. Then having taken off cuttings from the trees to be propa- gated, a fmooth part of the ftock muft be chofen, which if intended for dwarfs, muft be about five or fix inches above the ground, but if for ftandards, it fhould be as many feet high. A horizontal cut is then to be made crofs the rind of the ftock, and from the middle of that another flit muft be made ftrait downward of two inches in length, that the whole may have the figure of the letter T, but thefe muft not be cut too deep. Then cutting oft" the leaf from the bud, but leaving its foot-ftalk remaining, a crofs-cut is to be made on it about half an inch below the eve, and the bud is to be flit off with part of the bark to it, in form of an efcutcheon. The wood then muft be taken out of the flip of the bud, without pulling the eye of the bud out with it, for if this happens, the bud muft be thrown away as uncapable of fuc- ceeding. When the bud is thus prepared, the bark of the Suppi.. Vol. I.

ftock is to be gently raifed with the fiat haft of the penknife^ and the efcutcheon of the bud muft be flipp'd in, and placed very evenly between the bark and the wood, cutting off any part of the rind of the bud which may be too long for the ifit made in the ftock. The whole is then to be gen% tied up, beginning at the lower part of the flit, and taking great care not to injure the eye of the bud, which is to be left out at the flit. In three weeks or a month the bud will fhew that it is joined, and then the tying round the ftock muft be loofened ; and in the March following, the ftock mult be cut off about three inches above the bud, Hoping it that the wet may run off. To this part of the ftock the fhoot pro ■ ceeding from the bud is to be tied, left the winds ihould loofen or dif place it; and when the tree has ftood one year- in this ftate, the ftock muft be cut down clofe to the bud. 1 he feafon for inoculating is from the middle of June to the middle of Auguft, according to the forwardnefs of the trees. "W hen the buds are formed at the ends of the ihoots of the fame year, it is a proof that the tree is fit for the purpofe ; the firft tree that comes in feafon to be inoculated is the apricot, and the laft the orange tree : And in doing this, choice fhould always be made of a cloudy .day, that the fun may not dry up the buds too quick ; and in fome very tender plants,- a part of the wood in the fcutckeon of the bud mould be left in. Miller's Gardener's Diet.

It is faid by many, that fuch trees as are inoculated m the month of February, will continue always free from worms, both themfelves and their fruit; but this is a thing not con- firm'd by experience. Another error in thefe things is, the opinion that a cyon taken from a young tree which has never yet bloffomed, will never bear fruit ; experience proves that it will ; but our gardeners choofe rather to take their cyons from fuch trees as have already borne. Phil. Tranfi N°. 2. In the Inoculations made upon fruit trees, it is obfervable, that a little vegetable bud, often not fo big as a pea, is able fo to tranfmute all the lap which arrives at it; that tho' this lap be already in the root, and in its palliige upwards, deter- mined by nature's intention, as is faid, to the production of fruit natural to the ftock, it fhould yet, by fo fmall a vege- table fubftance, be fo far changed, as to conftitute a fruit quite otherwife qualified; than the genuine product of the tree ; which at the fame time, is actually produced by thofe other portions of the like lap, that happened to nourifh fuch prolific buds, as are the genuine offspring of the ftock • fo that the fame fap, which in one part of a branch conftitutes a duller of haws, in another part of the fame branch may conftitute a pear. And what is farther remarkable, not only the fruits made of the fame fap often differ from one another in fhape, bignefs, colour, odour, tafte, and other obvious qualities, but tho' the fap itfelf be a watcrifh and almoft in- fipid liquor, yet it is not only convertible by buds of feveral natures into different fruits, but in one and the fame fruit the tranf muted fap fhall by different textures, be made to ex- hibit very different, and fometimes contrary qualities. As when a peach-bud not only changes the fap which comes to it, into a fruit very different from that which the ftock na- turally produces, but into parts very different from one ano- ther in the fame fruit.

From Inoculations therefore we learn, that a liquor feemlngly homogeneous, may, by being varioufly ftrained, be tranf- muted into bodies endowed with new fcents, colours, taftes folidity, medicinal virtues, and many other qualities, mani- feft and occult. Boyle's Works abr. Vol. I. p. 250. Inoculation, in medicine (Cycl.) — The Chinefe feem to have had the method of inoculating the fmall-pox, lone before it was introduced into this part of Europe. Their method of proceeding is this ; they gather the fcabs which come off from an healthy child, who has had the fmall-pox in a favourable way, and keep them well fhut up in a china-cup, till there is occafion for them ; then taking four fmall ones, or two large ones, and putting a grain of mufk between them, they roll them in a little cotton, and thruft this tent into the child's nofe, where it remains till the fymptoms of infection begin to appear. The child is to be more than a year old. If the puftules appear on the firft day of the fever, the child almoft certainly dies; if on the fecond, the event is uncer- tain ; if they do not fhew themfelves till the third day, the patient probably recovers. Letr. Edif. & Cur. Tom. 20. INOSARCION, in natural hiftory, a name given by the old Greek and Roman authors to a peculiar fperies of emerald, called alfo by fome the Chalcedonian emerald. The great diftinction of this from all the other kinds of this gem, was its not being of the pure, clear, and unvarying colours of the others, but having thick veins in it, which gave peculiar re- fractions and reflexions to the light ; and tho' the ftone was in itfelf wholly green, yet when viewed in fide-lights, thefe veins gave all thofe changeable colours that ornament the feathers of a peacock's tail, or the neck of a pigeon. INSAG, in natural hiftory, a name given by the people of

the Philippine iflands, to one of the feveral fpecies of Parrots,

common in their woods. The Infag is a very beautiful bird;

its body is of a very bright green, and its head of a fine

florid red.

14 G

INSCHI,