Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/930

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which adhering alfo to the capfula, is afterwards inferted in the greater middle furface of the great tuberofity of the head of the os humeri. At the place where the fibres leave the infrsfpinal fofia under the acromium, there is a great quan- tity of fat, or adifpofc cells between the bones and the Ioofe portion of the flefhy mafs. This mufcle appears double a little below the fpine, and toward the bafis of the fcapula, becaufe of the middle tendinous plane already men- tioned. It feems likewife to be confounded with the teres minor, to which it is very clofely joined ; and its tendon is united on one fide with that of the teres major ; and on the other fide with that of the fuprafpinatus, and it is covered by the pofterior portion of the deltoides. Win/low's Anat.

P. .83.

INFRIGIDANS, a term ufed by fome of the writers in medi-

dicine, to exprefs the cerate of rofes. INFUNDIBULIFORM(Cy/.)— Infundibuliform /%w- ers, or funncl~faj}noned foiver, in botany, a term ufed to ex- prefs one of the kinds of monopetalous or onc-leav'd flowers. The reafon of the name is their refembling a funnel in fhape, that is, having a narrow tube at one end, and a wide mouth at the other. There are properly two fpecies of the funnel-fhaped flowers : The one reprefents an inverted cone at its mouth, and the other being more wide and fhallow looks more like a fmall faucer. The firfl of thefe are more properly called funnel-fhaped flowers, the others faucer- ihaped ones, from their refembling a faucer in their figure. See Tab. r. of Botany, Clafs 1. Town. Inft. p. 116. INFUSION (Cycl.) — Infusion of laurel haves. See the ar- ticle Laurocerasus. Infusion of Sena, Infufum Sena, a purging medicine in great ufe, but of a very difagreeable flavour. The London Dit- penfatory orders however two methods of preparing it, by which it lofes at leaft a great part of its naufeoufnefs. The one is by- diffolving three drams of cryftals of tartar in a pint of water, and pouring this boiling hot upon an ounce and half of fena, and two drams of cardam urn -feeds, and {training it off" when cold. This is a much better way than the common one, with fait of tartar. But the other is more elegant ; it is this ; take fena an ounce and half, lemon- peel frefh an ounce, lemon-juice an ounce, boiling- water a pint ; let it ffand till cold, and then ftrain it ofF. Pern- berton's Lond. Difp. p. 257. INGANNO, in the Italian mufic, is ufed when the com- pofer, after having done every thing proper for making a clofe or cadence, inftead of fo doing places a mark of filence in the place of the final note. This word is Italian, fignifying deceit. INGESTA, is ufed by fome authors to exprefs all forts of ali- ment taken into the body. INGROSSING of a Fine, is the making of the indentures by the chirographer, and delivery of them to the party to whom the fine is levied. F.N. B. 147. .Blount. INGUINAL Ligament. This, which has been alfo called from its difcoverer Ligamentitm Fcllopii, is an aponeurotic, or ligamentary band, faftened by one end to the anterior and fuperior part of the os ilium, and by the other to the fpine of the os pubis. The middle portion of it is very narrow, but it expands confiderably towards both its extremities. It is clofely joined to the mufcles of the abdomen, and to the aponeurotic fafciaof the thigh, but feems to be often want- ing. fP'infoiu's Anat. p. 124. INGUINALIS, in botany, a name given by fome to the plant more commonly called after attkus. See the article Aster Miens. INHOC, or Inhoke, in our old writers, is ufed for any cor- ner or part of a common field ploughed up and fowed with oats, t?Y. and fometimes fenced in with a dry hedge, in that year wherein the reft of the fame field lies fallow and com- mon. It is called in the north of England an httock, and in Oxfordshire a Hitcbin. . And no fuch Inhoke is now made without the joint confent of all the commoners, who in raoft places have their fhare by lot in the benefit of it, except in fome manors where the lord has a fpecial privilege of fo do- ing. Kenneth Paroch. Antiq. 297, &c, and his GlofTary. The word is Saxon, compounded of In, within, and hske t a corner. INHUMATION, [Cycl.) in chemHtry, a method of digefting fubftances together, by burying the veflel in which they are put in horfe-dung, or in a dry fandy earth expofed to the fun. INJECTION, or Injecting, [Cycl.) in furgery, the thro w- • ing in fome liquor or medicine into a vein opened by in- cinon. This practice, and that of transfufion, or the con- veying the arterial blood of one man, or other animal, into another, were once greatly pracfifed, but are now laid afide.

The method of injscling is this : A vein is to be opened in the arm with a lancet as in bleeding, and the fmall pipe of a fyringe being introduced at the orifice, the liquor intended to be mixed with the blood and contained for that pur- pofe in the body of the fyringe, is to be forcibly inj.it3.ed or thrown into the vein upwards or toward the heart; which . done the orifice is to be fecured with comprefles and bandage as in bleeding. Heifers Surgery, p. 304.

3, • -~

INK*

Whether this practice of injeffing proper medicines into the blood may not be found of ufe in apoplexies, quinfies, hy- drophobia, &c. is worthy to be tried by repeated experiments. Purman performed it upon himfelf with great fuccefs, once curing himfelf of an itch, and once of a fever by it. And Elfholtz has written a treatife profelledly on the fubjecT:. The method of injecting liquors into the blood of living ani- mals, is faid to be the invention of Sir Chriilopher Wren. His method was by making ligatures on the veins, and open- ing them on the fide of the ligature towards the heart ; then putting into them fmall fyringes or quills fattened to bladders, in the manner of clyfter-pipes, containing the mat- ter to be injected. Mr. Boyle foon made the experiment upon dogs, with infufions of opium and crocus metallorum. All which he circumirantially defcribed, in his Ufefulneis of Experimental Philofophy, part. 2, eff. 2. Phil. Tranf. N° 7. p. 128, 129.

Many diforders of particular parts are no way curable, un- lets the parts affected are i?ijc£led with a proper liquor, by- means of a fyringe and a proper tube. The method of per- forming this, is too obvious to need any directions ; but thefe general cautions are neceflary in regard to it, that the fyringe or tube be applied tenderly and carefully to the parts, efpecially in very fenfible or nervous parts, to avoid giving the patient any pain; and that the liquor to be in- jected, be neither too hot nor too cold.

In ulcerations and inflammations of the uvula, tonfils, and fauces, Injections are generally ufeful ; but care mufr.be ta- ken to prefs down the tongue with a fpatula, or with the flat end of a fpoon, and having introduced the fyringe two or three fingers breadth into the mouth, the InjeBitm is to be carefully and gently thrown in at feveral times. In <*o- norrhceas, Injections are often neceflary, to allay the heat and forenefs of the urethra, and to wain out the matter. The fafeft and beft InjeSims on this occaiion, are warm milk, and barley-water fweetned with fugar, honey, or fyrup of marfhmallows ; and towards the end a little faccharum fa- turni diflblved in plan tan e- water. Heijler's Surgerv, p. 317. Anatomical Injections. Thefe are coloured in order to make the parts more confpicuous. Mr. Monro ufes red and green chiefly. For the red, Vermillion finely levigated muit be got. For the green, diftilled verdigreafe is belt; becaufe its colour is brighter than that of the common fort, and it never runs into knots, and alfo diftolves in oily liquors. To make the fine Injection, pour a pint of the oil of tur- pentine on three ounces of vermillion, or verdigreafe ; ffir them well with a wooden fpatula till they be thoroughly mixed, and then fbrain all through a fine linnen rag. The coarfer Injection is thus made j take tallow lb. ~\. white- wax oz. v. oil of olives oz. Hi. melt them over a gentle fire, then add of Venice turpentine oz. ij. when this is~diHbIved, fprinkle in of vermillion or verdigreafe ez. iii. then pafs all through a warm linnen cloth. When you defign to make it run far in the vefTels, add fome oil of turpentine imme- diately before you ufe it.

As to the practice of Injeclions, we refer to the Medic. Eff. Edinb. Vol. 1. art. 9. INIMBOY, in botany, a name by which fome authors have called the Acacia Gloriofa, the tree which produces the bon- duch or bczoar nuts. Marggr. p. 12. INK (Cycl.) — Writing Ink is commonly made of copperas and galls ; but other aftringent plants may ferve the fame purpofe, fuch as oak-bark, red-roles, log-wood, or fumach. Mr. Boyle feems to doubt whether all aftringent vegetables will do the fame. Boyle's Works abr. Vol. 1. p. 57. Filings of iron put into feveral of the common vegetable juices turn them inftantly as black as Ink; and hence it fliould feem that vitriol only acts in the making Ink as a fub- ftance containing iron ; which always gives a black colour to an infufion of galls, or the like vegetable fubftances, and that the more deep, as it is more divided in its particles by acids. According to this rule, all thofe vitriols which have iron for their bafis, and all folutions of iron in vitriolic, ful- phureous, or aluminous acids, muff, make Ink with galls, or alike infufion; and the blue vitriol of Cyprus, and fuch o- thers as have copper for their bafis, muff have no fuch ef- fect on thefe infufions ; ■ and both thefe deductions are con- firmed by experience.

In examining feparately the two principles of which the atra- mentitious vitriols are compofed, that is, their vitriolic acid, and their bails of the matter of iron, it appears, that the acid a- lone being mixed with an infufion of galls, wdl never make Ink\ whereas the bafis alone, that is filings of iron, will always do it in a little time. Hence it appears, that the acid has no fhare in the effect, and that the whole is owing to the ferrugi- neous matter in the vitriol reviving again into iron. The man- ner in which this revivification of iron is fo fuddenly perform- ed, on the mixing vitriol and the infufion of galls, feems to be, that this infufion acts as an abforbent on the acid which had before reduced the iron to vitriol, and the ferrugineous par- ticles being thus freed from the acid by which they were transformed into vitriol, appear again in their native form, and have the fame effecl: upon the infufion that fimple or pure iron would have, Mem. Acad. Par. 1707,

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