Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/907

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long, and terminate in a fubulated and pappofe ftalk. The receptacle is befet all over with little chaffy fubftances. Thefe are of the length of the feeds, and are placed between them. Linnxus makes this genus comprehend the Hypechesris and the achyrophorus of Vaillant. The only difference between which is, that the Hypocharis has a roundifh cup all over imbricated, and a plumofe down upon the feeds, whereas the achyrophorus has an oblong cup, which is imbricated only at the bale, and a fimple down on the feed. Lhmm Gen. PI,

P- 377-

HYPUCHONDRIAC Malady {Cycl.)— It is obfervable that perfons, fubject to this diforder, very rarely fall into con- tinued, epidemic, or contagious fevers, and even cfcape the plague, and remain free from many other diforders. Hofm. Oper. T. 3. p. 65.

1 his diforder is confounded by Sydenham and others, with byjhrks ; but Hofm -.in infills that the difference is confi- derablc, and deferves to be attended to in practice. See Oper. T, 3. p. 50. feq. Sec the article Hysterics.

HYPOCRATERIFORMIS, fauccr-fhaped, in botany, the

. name given by Mr. Tournefort to a peculiar fort of flowers of plants, of the general order of the. infundibuliform, but not fo deep and narrow at the mouth as thofe fimply fo called, but expanded into the figure of a faucer. Town, Inft. p. 116. See the article Infundieuliformis.

HYPODIACONORUM Feflum. See the article Calenda-

RIUM Frjium.

HYPODORIAN, in antient mufic, a name for the fe- venth fpecies of the diapafon, otherwife called locrian, and common. See the article Diapason.

HYPOLYDIAN, in antient mufic, the fifth fpecies of the diapafon. See Diapason.

HYPOMNEMATOGRAPHUS, tw^^Ve*?"* in the pri- mitive church, an' officer who attended on the bifhop, and kept a regifter of his confecrations. Hofm. Lex. in voc.

HYPONITIS, in botany, a name given by Dillenius to a genus of plants, called by Tournefort, orobanchcides. See the article Orobanchoides.

HYPOPHORA, "tvo^d, in rhetoric, the firft part of the prolepjis : Thus, in the inftance mentioned in the cyclopasd'ia, butjome men will fay, How are the deadraifed, or with what body do they come? is the Hypophora. And, then foot, that which thou /owe ft, &c. is the Anthypophora, or folution of the objection. Vojf. Rhet. 1. 5. p. 393. See the article Pro- le psis, Cycl.

HYPOPHRYGIAN, in antient mufic, the fixth fpecies of the diapafon. See the article Diapason.

HYPOPHTHALMUM, in botany, a name ufed by fome au- thors for the after atticus. Ger. Emac. Ind. 2.

HYPO PODIUM, in antiquity, a piece of Furniture belonging to the baths ; its ufe was to fet or reft the feet on. Pitifc. Lex. in voc.

HYPOPROSLAMBANOMENOS, in mufic, the name of the chord added by Guido Aretinc, below the Projlambanomenos of the Grecian fcale, anfwering to our 6. See Diagram.

HYPOPYON {Cycl.)— The cure of this diftemperature of the eyes is fometimes effected by violently (baking the head. The antients ufed this practice as an approved remedy ; and acci- dent has (hewn it to be often fucceisful ftill. 'I'he jolting of a chariot, in a long journey, having been known to remove the diforder, by making the purulent matter fubfide behind the uvea. This method of making ought, therefore, always to be made the firft attempt, to give relief in this cafe, dilpoflng, the patient's head in a lupine pofture, and preffing the eye before-hand with the fingers, in order to remove, or at leaft Ioofen the matter. Heijlcr's Surgery, p. 425. But if this attempt proves unfuccefsful, the neceffary operation mull: be performed. The patient muft be feated againft the light, with his head and hands firmly fecured by an afliftant. The furgeon is then to deprefs the lower eyelid, while the afliftant elevates the upper ; and the furgeon is then with a lancet to incide cautioully through the cornea, below the pu- pil, making the opening large enough todifcharge the matter, with the aqueous humour; but taking great care not to wound the uvea behind the matter. About three or four hours- afterward the eye muft be dreffed with a comprefs, dipped in a collyrium of role-water, white of eggs, mucilage tot quince feeds, and a little camphor ; and by this means the wound in the cornea will be healed, the aqueous humour will be reftored, and if none of the interval parts are injured, the patient will recover his fight.

HYPOSCENIUM, X*o?*>i«w, in antiquity, a partition under the pulpit or logtum of the Greek theatre, appointed for the mufic. Potter y AichxoJ. Grax. 1. J. c. 8. p. 42. See the article Logeum.

HWOSCHESIS, "tvovxfm, in rhetoric, the fame with divi fan. Sec the article Division.

HYSSOP, Hyjfpus, {Cycl.) in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe: The flower confifts of one leaf, and is of the labiated kind ; the upper lip is erect, roundifh, and bifid ; the lower is divided into three fegments, the middle one being hollowed in the manner of a fpoon, and double pointed, and as it were elated. The piftil arifes from the cup, and is fixed in the manner of a nail to the hinder Suppl. Vol. I.

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part of the flower, and furrounded by four embryo's, which afterwards become fo many' feeds, ripening in the cup of the flower.

The fpecies of Hyjfop, enumerated by Mr. Tournefort, arc thefe: 1. The common blue- flower'd Hyjfop, 2. The Hyj- fop, with flowers all round the ftalks, 3. The fweet fmellmg or muflc Hyjfop. 4. The curl'd-leav'd Hyjfop. 5. The Hyjfop with deeply divided leaves. 6. The fhort round fpiked Hyjjbp. 7, The variegated or golden Hyjfop. 8. The com- mon Hyjfop, with white flowers. 9. The common Hyjfop, with purple flowers. 10. The hairy Hyjfop. ii. The white- flower'd hairy Hyjfip. And, 12. The low myrtle-leav'd Hyjfop. Tourn. Inft. p. 200.

The feveral fpecies of Hyjfop, when not in flower, may be known by their long nai row leaves, and their peculiar agFee- able fmell.

AH the forts of this plant, the common, as well as the more fcarce, are propagated by lowing or by cuttings. The {tads muft be fown in March, on beds of a light fandy foil, and when the plants are come up, they muft be cleared to a foot afunder every way ; or if they are intended to remain manv years, they Ihould be left at two foot diftancc, for they grow quick, and fpread very much. They thrive belt on a poor dry foil, and will bear the feverities of winter much better on fuch a foil, than on a richer. When they are to be propa- gated from cuttings, it is to be done in April or May, in a border where they may be defended from the violent heat of the fun, and, being frequently watered, they will take root in two months, after which they may be tranfplanted to the places where they are to remain, managing them as the feed- ling plants. Miller's Gardener's Diet.

Hyjfop is greatly commended is cafes of bruifes from falls, blows, &c. ufed externally by way of cataplafm, or only a little bundle of the plant fewed up in a lumen rag, and applied to the part. Ray gives an account from Mr. Boyle, of a violent contufion of the thigh, from a kick of a horie ; which was happily cured by this herb, boiled and applied as a cata- plafm. He tells us, the violent pain was almoft inftantly removed, and the very mark and blacknefs taken oft" in a few hours.

Hyssop, among the antient Jews. A bunch of Hyjfop could only be ufed to fprinkle the door-pofts and threfholds of their houfes with the blood of the paffover-lamb. See the article Passover, Cycl.

Hedge Hyssop. See the article Gratiqla.

HYSTERA, a term ufed by fome of the old writers in medi- cine to exprefs the fecundines.

HYSTERICS, {Cycl.) Hyjl erica Pajfto, in medicine, the name of a diltempcr attending women, which is, in many refpects, of the fame nature with the hypochondriac paflion in men : But as they are ufually of more tender conftitutions than men, it afflicts them more violently, and often brings on a terrible fenfation of ftrieture of the breait, and a fort of fuffbeation, whence it is called by fome fujfocatio uterhia, together with convulfious and fpafms of violent kinds. Hence fome have alfo called it an uterine epilepfy ; violent anxieties, with naufcas, reaching to vomit, and other painful and often dangerous complaints ufually alfo attend it, which are unknown to men in their hypochondriac diforders.

This diftemper feems to arife from congeftions of blood in the abdomen, and in the vifcera, fituatcd there, which fhould find paflage by the uterus, or the hemorrhoidal veins, but is impeded. And as this is alfo the caufe of the hypocondriac af- feclions in men, it is no wonder that the generality of fymp- toms are the fame in both, and that the method of cure muft be nearly the fame. It is to be obferved, however, that tho* obftructions are the common caufe of thefe difeafes in both fexes, yet women are fometimes found afflicted with this while the menfes flow properl)', in due quantity, and at their regular periods. In this cafe, the diforder feems owing to acrid humours in the prima; vire, exciting fpafms wherever they come. Htijiers Comp. Med. p. 184.

In the time of the fit, when the fenfation of ftrangulation is violent, or there are convullive motions, or fain tings, the fcetid and volatile medicines ferve to recover thG patient ; fuch are fpirit of hartfhorn, oil of amber, tincture of caftor, and the volatile falts held to the nofe, or taken internally, as alfo the burning of feathers, horn, or leather, or any other fub- itance, which has a very difagreeable fmell while in the fire j rubbing the hands and feet alfo are of great fervice, and fome recommend the pulling off" of the hairs fingly, and other methods which give pain, to bring the patients to thein- felves.

Thefe are the methods to be ufed in the time of the fit ; but when the patient is reftored from that, the fame method is to be ufed as in the hypochondriac paflion ; only that, in this cafe, a little caftor is to be added to the faline and cinnabarinc me- dicines. After this, care is to be taken to reftorc the menfes to their proper order, if the patient be at a time of life when they ought to flow ; but if that period is pair, the evacuation muft be, in fome meafure, fupplied by bleeding in the foot, and repeating this every year at the fpring and fall, and with this fome dofes of a gentle purge, with a proper regimen. Vomiti are always found very hurtful in thefe cafes, and whsn 13 it violent,