Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/862

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mountain Coralline, and would fcarce be diftinguifhablc from fome of the (mail Corallines, if it were articulated. i$. The cyprefs-like Coralloides. This has globofe tubercles at the extremities of the branches, and when fcen at a dirtance, has fomewhat of the appearance of favm. 16. The clufter branched Coralloides. This grows in the mountains of Ruf- fia, and refembles a fmaU fea coral. 17. The horned wrack, or fucus-like Coralloides. This grows in thick tufts on the mountains in Wales. i&. The warty and pod-like Coral- hides. This grows in fmall clutters, from a fort of cretaceous bafis ; the branches are furrowed, and rife in prominences in feveral places, as if they were pods containing feeds. 19. The horned clufter Coralloides, ufed in dying, and refemblmg fome of the round branched focus's. This is commonly cal- led argol, and canary weed, and by fome rocella and or- cella. It grows from a tophaceous or cretaceous bafis ; the branches are two or three inches long, ridged, folid, and fome- what branched. This is ufed in the dyers bufincfs for making a red colour. Dilhn. Btft. Mufc- p-U5-

HEATOTOTL, in zoology, the name of an American bird, defenbed by Nieremberg, and called alfo Avis Venti. It is remarkable for a very large and round creft of whit'ifh fea- thers on its head. Its bread is of a brownilh grey ; its belly white, and its feet yellow ; its tail is round when expanded, and is variegated with black and white* Its back and wings are black. Ray's Ornithol. p. 301.

HEAVING a Peek, in the fea language. Sec the article Peek.

HEAVY, in the manege, A horfc is faid to reft heavy upon the hand, who, through the foftnefs of his neck, the weaknefs of his back, the weight of his fore-quarters, or through wearinefr, throws himfelf upon the bridle; but withal, without making any reliftancc, or any effort to force the horfeman's hand. This fault is remedied, and the horfe made light upon the hand, by {topping, and making him go back frequently ; if it proceeds only from lazinefs and ftifr- nefs ; but if caufed by any defect in the back, there's no remedy for it.

HEBBING-#W^ in our ftatutes, is ufed for wears or engines made or laid at ebbing water, 23 Hen; 8* 5. Blount.

HEBDOME, "E&V? among the Athenians* a feftival or holy day kept always on the feventh day of the moon in honour of Apollo i that being fuppofed to have been his birth-day. Hofm, Lex. in voe.

HEBENSTRETIA, in botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe : The Perianthium is of a tubular form ; it confifts of one leaf lightly divided at the verge into two lips, the upper lip is fliort, ftrait, and nar- row, the under is lanceolated, long, and bent downwards ; the flower confifts of one irregular petal ; the tube is cylin- dric, and fhorter than the cup ; the lip is only one, not two, as in other labeated flowers ; it is broad, and divided into four fegments at the end, and is of the length of the under lip of the cup. The ftamina are four filaments, two arifing from each fide of the lower part of the lip of the flower. The germen of the piftil is oblong, the ftyk is flender, and of the length of the flower, and the ftigma is very thin. The fruit is an oblong capfule opening into two parts. The

- feeds are two in number, and are oblong, convex and triful- cated on one fide, and flat 011 she otfhef, Linnai Gen. Plant, p. 306. Hort. Amft. 11, 109.

HEBRAICA Concha, in natural hifrory, a name given_ by authors to a very beautiful fea-fhell of the voluta kind, from a number of black marks which feem to refemble the Hebrew characters. See the article Voluta.

HEBREW Characters, (Cyct.)-lt has been fuppofed by many very learned men, that the Hebrew characters or letters were often ufed hieroglyph ically, and had each its feveral diftindt fenfe tmderftood as an hieroglyphic. Neuman, who feems to have taken infinite pains to find out this fecret meaning of thefe letters, gives the following explication: N aleph, he fays is a

- character denoting motion, rcadinefs, and activity ; *j beth, fignifies i°, matter, body, fubftance, thing. 2*, Place, fpace, or capacity. And 3, in, within, or contained ; J gimel, Hands for flexion, bending, or obliquity of any kind ; 1 da- leth, fignifies any protrufion made from without, or any pro- motion of any kind ; !"! he, ftands for prefence, or demon- ftrative effence of any thing ; T van, ftands for copulation or growing together of things-; * dfain, expreffes vehement pro- trufion and violent compreffion, fuch as is occasioned by at once violently difcharging and conftringing a thing to- gether ; it alfo fignifies, fomctimes, the ftraitenrng of any figure into a narrow point at the end ; n cheth, exprefles affocia- tion, fociety, or any kind of coirrpofition,. or combination of things together; t3 teth, ftands for the withdrawing, drawing back, or recefs of any thing ; * jod, fignifies extenfion and length, whether in matter or in time ; D caph, expreffes a turning, curvednefs, or concavity ; 7 lamech, ftands for an addition, accefs, impulfe, or ad'verfation, and fometimes for preflure ; mem, expreffes amplitude, or the amplifying any thing in whatever fenfe; in regard to continuous quantities, it fignifies the adding length, breadth, and circumference ; and in disjunct quantities it fignifies multitude ; J nun, fignifies
 * he propagation of one thing from another, or of the fame

H E C

thing from one perfon to another; D famech, expreffes cinc- ture and coarctation ; y ain, ftands for obfervation, objection,, or obviation ; £3 pe, ftands for a crookednefs or an angle of any figure ; *J tfade, exprefles contiguity and clofe fuc- ceffion ; p koph, exprefles a circuit or ambit ; "\ refh, ex- prefles the egrefs of any thing, as alfo the exterior part of a thing, and the extremity or end of any thing ; ty fhin, fig- nifies the number three, or she third degree, or the ut- moft perfection of any thing ; fi tau* expreffes a fcquel, con- tinuation, or fucceffion of any thing.

According to this explication, as the feveral particular letters of the Hebreiv alphabet feparately fignify the ideas of motion, matter, fpace, and the feveral modifications of matter, fpace and motion, it follows, that a language the words of which are compofed of fuch expreflive characters mult neceffarily be of all languages the molt perfect and expreflive, as the words form'd of fuch letters according to their determinate feparate fignifications muft convey the idea of all the matters contained in the fenfe of the feveral characters, and be at once a name and a definition or fuccinct defcription of the fubject, and all. things material as well as fpiritual,[all objects in the natural and moral world muft be known as foon as their names are known> and their feparate letters confidered.

The words Urim and Thummim are thus eafily explained and found, perhaps the molt appofite and expreflive words that were ever formed. See the articles Urim and Thum- mim. , HECATOMB^ON, in chronology. See the article Eca-

TOMBiEON.

HECATONSTYLON, MWn>*»» in the antient architecture, a porch with ait hundred columns. This defignation was pe- culiar to the great porch of Pompey's theatre at Rome* Pitifc. Lex. Ant.

HECTIC Fever (Cycl.)— The fymptoms of this difeafe distinc- tively from the febris lenta, which is often confounded with it, are thefe : A perpetual dry burning in the flefh, which is moll fenfible in the hands after eating ; a weak, low, and quick pulfe ; a thick orange -coloured urine, with a pale red fediment, with a thin fattifh cuticle upon it* and a ftrong fmell ; a languid habit of body, and a particular love of all cold meats ; a drynefs of the mouth, with continual thrift, and a frothy or glutinous fpitile, unfettled fleep, not at all re- frefhing to the patient j a lucceilive and continual wafting and emaciation of the body, a lofs of ftrength, a languor of the mind, a fenfe of a weight and pain in one of the hypocon- dria, a fenfibility ef tlie lighteft changes in the weather, and a continnal growing worfe at the greater changes which hap- pen at the equinoxes, a vertiginous and dozing fwimming in the head when the patient gets up ; and in the latter ftages of the difeafe colliquative fweats ; and finally the fcene is clofed by a diarrhea, and the facies hippocratica, which is-feen in no other difeafe fo remarkably as in this, and a confumption. A cough is no neceflary confequence of a Heclic, but it ufual- ly attends it, and arifes from fome conjunct eaufe. Junker's. Confp. Med. r>. 388.

Perfons fubjeft ta it. — Men are much more liable to fall into- Hetties than women ; and of thofe principally fuch as are of a tender eonftitution and dry habit, and are violently addict- ed to the paflions, and live high, eating feafon'd food and drinking large quantities of wine or other ftrong liquors ; and fuch as have exhaufted their ftrength and fpirits by violent exercifes, long watching, great ftudy, or thoughtfulneis, want of nourirtiment, exceflive venery, or by the taking repeated dofes of ftrong purgative medicines. Perfons often fall into this difeafe alfo by omitting habitual bleedings and other eva- cuations, and by flopping cuftomary difcharges of blood by the hemorrhoidal veins, or other ways, by the taking of a- frringent medicines; but more perfons are thrown into Hetties by injudicious treatment in fevers, than fall into them by all thefe other ways together ; and efpecially by the bad treatment of inform ittents.

Prognojlics in it. — When a Heftic is confirmed and of fome ftanding, it is in vain to attempt the cure of it ; for when one of the vifcera is ulcerated, nature will always bring on this fever to endeavour to abfterge it ; and as the caufe never can be removed, the fymptom never will ceafe. Junker's Confp. Med. p. 387.

All that can be expected from medicine in thefe cafes, is the mitigating the fymptoms, and putting off the fatal period longerthan it would naturally have happen'd. Younger people are much more fuddenly deftroyed by Hetties, and are much more fubject to them, than thofe more advanced in years ;. hence from eighteen to five and thirty may be accounted the period of life moft fubject to danger from this difeafe ; it is ufually fudden in its deftruction between thefe periods, after- wards if people fall into it, it becomes chronical, and they bear it a long time. The changes of the feafons are danger- ous times- for Hctiic people, but moft of all the autumnal equinox, and fo alfo the climacteric years. Young perfons. firft feized with He£iics in fpring ufually die in the autumn following j and thofe who are firft feized with it in the fum- mer folftice, ufually live till the fame feafon of the following year, A ducharge of blood by the hemorrhoidal veins in the

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