Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/617

 DON

ing among them feveral marks and characters peculiar to cer- tain (pedes, and not to others ; it may be proper to arrange them under feveral fenes denoted by thefe marks. I. Of the round umbilicated Dolia we find the following fpe- cies. i. The white, thin, and iirhtcd Dolium. 2. The fur- rowed Dolium, with yellow circular ridges. 3. The furrowed Dolium, furrounded with fpotted ridges. 4. The partridge (hell, or regularly fpotted and firiated Dclhtm. 5. The white thick Dolium furrowed all over, and with dentatcd edges. 6. The firiated and fpotted Dolium, with a wrinkled columella.

If. Of the oblong and fmooth Dolia? we have the following fpecies. I. The yellow Dohum, without an umbo. 2. The white Dolium, with an umbo. 3. The Ethiopian crown, or the brown coronated Dolium, with an umbo. 4. The ob- long Dolium, with no umbo. 5. The confabulated and va- riegated Dolium, with an exerted clavicle, ILL Of the oblong collated and umbonated Dolia we have the following fpecies. I. The Lyra or Harp-Jhell, pennated and adorned with thicker rofe coloured ribs. 2. The Harp-jhell, with eleven ribs. 3. The noble Harp-Jhell ; this is of a very elegant figure, and is of a brown colour variegated with white. 4. The reddifh Harp-Jhell, with fourteen red ribs. 5. The umbonated Perfian jhell, otberwife called the Perfian Purpura, or Panama Jhell. When this is polifhed, it appears of a very different kind, and has feveral white lines on it, and is fmooth. 6, The Mullberry-jliell, 7. The firiated Dolium, with brown and white fpots.

IV. Of the Dolia of the fourth fenes, which have long and arched ■tails, there are the following fpecies. 1. The Fig-Jhell, with a deprefied clavicle. 2. The violet coloured, or ametleyflinc

' redifli Dolium. 3. The firiated pale yellow Dolium. 4. The thick yellow Dolium, with flreaks and protuberances regu- larly placed. 5. The white Dolium, with flreaks and protu- berances placed regularly.

V. Of the Dolia of the fifth feries, which from their fhape are called bullae, we have the following fpecies. 1. The great and thick Gondola Jbell ; this is of a grey colour, and is called by fome the fea nut. 2. The oblong greenifh Gondola Jhell, 3. The oblong reddifh Gondola jhell. 4. The thin white papy- raceous gondola Jhell. 5. The yellow Gondola jhell, with four brown tafciae, 6. The yellow Gondola Jhell, with brown ca- pillary flreaks. 7. The great white Gondola Jhell, umbilicated on each fide.

VI.To thefe is to be added a very rare fpecies of Dolium,which is fafciated, of a blue colour on the outfide and white within, this is called by fome the Vitta Cerulea; and there is an olive coloured fliell of the fame kind. Hifl. Nat. Kelairc. N° 303.

DOLPHIN, [Cycl.) in ichthyology, the Englifh name of a fifh of the cetaceous kind, called alfo fometimes the Porpejje, but improperly. The word Porpejje is properly the name of the conick bodied Ddphin, with a broad back and fubacute fnout ; but the Dolphin, properly lb called, and to which the name Porpejje is erroneoufly given, is the Delphtmis of Artedi, with an oblong and fubcylindric body, and a long and acute fnout. .This is the Delphis of Ariflotle and the other Greek writers, and the other properly called the Porpejje is their Phoc&na. ./Elian, Appian, and Atbseneus, all join in calling this Dol- phin, properly fo named, the Delphis and Delphin, and the fame name is preferved by all the more accurate of the Latin writers. See Delfhinus.

Dolphin, is alfo a. name given by the Englifh to the fifh called Hippurus, by the generality of authors; but by fome Hippojele and Equijele, and by others Dorado. According to the new fyflem of Artedi, this fifh is a fpecies of the Coryphcsna, and is diflinguifhed from all the other kinds, by its having a forked tail. See Hippurus and Cor.yph^na.

DOM and SOM, words ufed in antient charters, fignifying a power of judging, and fecurity in poffeMing.

DOMENGER, in middle age writers, is fometimes ufed for damfel. See Damsel, Cycl.

DOMICELLUS. See Damsel, Cycl.

DOMIN ARUM Aqua, a name given by Mynficht to a di- flilled water, which he recommends to the ladies to facilitate delivery.

DOMNICELLUS. See Damsel, Cycl

DO MO Rcparmula, a writ that lies for one againfl his neighbour, by the fall of whole houfe he fears damage to his own. Reg. of writs, fol. 153. In which cafe the Civilians have the adlion de damno infetlo.

DONARIA, among the antients, in its primary fignification, was taken for the places where the oblations offered to the gods were kept ; but afterwards was ufed to denote the offer- ings themfelves; and fometimes, though improperly, the tem- ples. Hofm. Lex. in voc.

DONAX, in zoology, a name by. which feveral of the old au- thors have called the folen or razor fifh. See Sol en.

Donax, in botany, the name by which fome authors call the great reed, the arundo maxima, or arundo cypria of others. Tourn. Inft. p. 256. See Arundo.

DONGON, in natural hiflory, a name given by the people of

DOR

the Philippine Hands to a peculiar fpecies of crane, which has a large body like a goofe, and a fhorter neck than the com- mon kind : it has a long and very broad beak, and is of a grey colour ; they have, betides this, another fpecies of crane, which they call tipul or tihol; as remarkable for the leBgth of its neck and legs, as this for the breadth of its beak. This tipul can (land ereift, and look over a tall man's head. See Tipul.

DONNA, or La Donna, in ichthyology, a name given by Zu- chelh, and fome other authors, to the manati or fea cow. See the article Manati.

DONZELLINA, in zoology, a name by which fome called the julis a very beautifully painted fifh, of the Mediterranean, approaching to the nature of the turdus or wrofie. IVillugJiby, Hift. pifc. p. 324. See the article Julis.

DOR, the Englifh name for the common black beetle. Some alfo apply it to the dufly beetle, that flies about hedges in the evening. See Scarab^us.

DORADO, in zoology, the name of a large fea fifh, called by the Brafilians guaracapema ; and fo much refembling the hip- puris,- as by many to be fuppofed to be the fame fifh ; it grows to fix or feven feet in length, and is of a Ibmewhat broad and flatted form, being a foot and a half broad near the head ; the head ends in a fouare, and is thinned away to an edge, for the advantage of the creatures fwimming the more fwiftly. Its mouth is but (mail for its fize, and is furnifhed with very fharp teeth ; its eyes are large and round, and placed but a little above its mouth ; its gills are large. It has one long fin running the whole length of the back, and another anfwering it on the belly, reaching from the anus to the tail ; the tail is long, large, and forked ; its fcaies are very fmooth, and fcarce feniible to the touch ; its head, back and' fides are of a filver green, its belly white ; its hack and fides are fpotted with blue ; it is a very fwift fifh in fwimming, and is a very deli- cate and well tafled one. IJ'Vluobby, Hift. pifc. p. 214.

DOREAS LybUa, in natural hiftory, the name by which Julian and fome other authors have called the common antelope. See Gazella.

DOREE, or John Do REE, in ichthyology, a name given by us to a fifh, called by authors, the faber and gallus marinus. We have borrowed the name Done from the French ; and, as to the word John, by fome writers prefixed to it, it feems only a corruption of the French vioiijcnme, yellow. They expreffing the colour of the fides of this fifh, which is a gold yellow, by the phrafe jame dorcc : this has given us the words John Done, or by thofe who fpell yet worfe, John Dory ; as we fee it in fome authors. See Faber. According to the new Artedian fyflem, this is a fpecies of the Zeus, and is diflinguifhed by that author from the others of that genus, by the name of the Zeus, with a prickly belly, and with a tail, not forked at the end, but rounded. Wdlughly, Hifl. pifc. p. 295. See Tab. of fifhes, N° 50, and Zeus.

DORIALTIDES, in natural hiftory, the name of a flone, to which great virtues, medicinal and magical, were attributed by the writers of the middle ages. It was faid to be found in the head of a cock, or of fome other animal ; and that it was made lucid by being laid on an ant-hill, the account feems altogether idle and imaginary.

DORIAN, in antient mulic, the fourth fpecies of the diapafon; See Diapason.

DORING, or Daring, among the fportfmen, a term ufed to exprefs a method of taking larks, by means of a clap-net and a looking-glafs. For this fport there mufl be provided four flicks, very flrait and light, about the bignefs of a pike ; two of thefe are to be four foot nine inches long, and all notched at the edges, or the ends. At one end of each of thefe flicks there is to be faflencd another of about a foot long on one fide ; and on the other fide a fmall wooden peg, about three inches long. Then four more flicks are to be prepared, each of one foot length ; and each of thefe mufl have a cord of nine foot long fattened to it at the end. Every one fhould have a buckle for the commodious fattening on to the refpeclive flicks when the net is to be fpread.

A cord mufl alfo be provided, which mufl have two branches. The one mufl be nine foot and a half, and the other ten foot long, with a buckle at the end of each : the reft, or body of the cord mufl be twenty-four yards long. All thefe cords, as well the long ones, as thofe about the flicks, mufl be well twifled, and of the bignefs of ones little finger. The next thing to be provided is a flaff of four foot long, pointed at one end, and with a ball of wood on the other, for the carrying thefe con- veniences in a fack or wallet.

There fhould alfo be carried, on this occafion, a fpade to le- vel the ground where there may be any little irregularities*; and two fmall rods, each eighteen inches long, and having a fmall rod, fixed with a packthread at the larger end of the other. To thefe are to be tied Ibme packthread loops, which are to fatten in the legs of fome larks ; and there are to be reels to thefe, that thefe birds may fly a little way up and down. When all this is done, the looking-glafs is to be prepared in the following manner. Take a piece of wood, about an inch and half thick, and cut it in form of a bow, fo that there may be

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