Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/54

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power of coercion, Cave what the Jews voluntarily allow him. Pridcaux, Connect. P. 2. 1. 9. p. 934.

^EDILATE, JEdilatvs, in antiquity, the dignity or ma- giikacy of Roman Mdiles. See jEdile, Cyd. This is otherwife called Mdilitas, ^Edility. In inferiptions we find it reprefented by the abreviature AED. Urfat. de Not. Rom. p. 4.

j^DILiriUM Ediaum, among the Romans, was that whereby

' a remedy was given a buyer, in cafe a vitious, or unfound beaft, or flave were fold him. It was called Mdilitium, becaufe the preventing of frauds in fales and contrail, belonged ef- pecially to the Curule /Edilcs. Cah. Lex. Jur.

.ffiDITUUS, in antiquity, the keeper of a facred manfion, who had the care of the offerings and ornaments of the deity venerated therein.

The word is compounded of aides and tueor, I defend ; q.^ d. a tuendis Mdibus : originally it was written, JEdltimus. Gell. Not. Att. 1. 12. c. 10.

The Mdituus is the fame with what Sccevola calls Hierophy- lax, the Latins fometimes Mdilis, and the Greeks Vumapt i anfwering to the fcxton among us.

The Mditui, among the Romans, were officers of diftinition, being the depofitarics not only of the treafure, but of the public acts, or records.— The Mditui had their feveral cells, near the temples, the cuftody of which was committed to them. Struv. Ant. Rom. c. 11. p. 518. & 12. p. 638. The female deities had a woman officer of the fame kind, under the denomination /Editua, Danet. Diet. Ant. invoc.

iEGAGROPILA, or /Egagropilus, in natural hiftory, a ball generated in the ftomach of the Rupicapra, or Chamois goat, hard on the outfide, and confuting of a fubftauce like hair. Caji. Lex. Med. p. 18. See Hair Ball. The word is Greek, Aty*j'f<nn*o?, from mya.yg^, the rupi- capra, or rock goat, and mhos, a ball. The MgagropiTus is fometimes called Bczoar Germamcum, or the German bezoard. It is a ball found in the ftomach of does and goats in Germany, which fome have pretended to be formed of the doronicum, or leopards-bane, on which thefe animals feed ; but it is now certain, that this ball con- fifts only of hairs which they fwallow. The like are found in the ftomach of cows, hogs, &c. and are of no medicinal value ; though, from the falfe opinion concerning their ori- ginal, fome have celebrated them in loofenefles, haemorrha- ges, &c. becaufe of the plants whence they conceived them to be formed.

Some have been whimfical enough to recommend thefe Mga- gropili in vertigo's, becaufe the goats which produce them climb very fteep rocks, without being giddy. Vid. Geoffroy, Mat. Med.

iEGELETHRON, in botany, is a name ufed by fome authors for the common mercurialis, or Englilh mercury, an eatable wild herb. Ger. Emac. Ind. 2.

^EGIAS, Aiyia*, in antient Greek phyficians, denotes a white ipeck on the pupil of the eye, occafioning a dimnefs of fight ; cither arifing from an excrement! tious humour, or from the relicts of the cicatricula of an ulcer on the part, Cajlel. Lex. Med.

This is the fame with what others write Aigts, and fome Alalia. Gorr. Def. Med. p. q. in voc. Aiy*i».

JEGILOPS, (Cyd.)— The Mgileps is difficult of cure : before it has reached the lachrymal paflages, it is managed like other ulcers. Galen orders it to be treated with actual cau- teries, introduced through a cannula a : which method is ftill ufed, where the bone is foul ; where it is not, collyriums and aftringents may fuffice b. The fame author notes, that others chufe rather to bore a hole through the bone, and dif- charge the matter thus. Albinus has a differtation exprefs on

the Mgilops" [ a V. Gaelic. Hift. Chir. Vet. §. 66. p. 51.

b Horn. Microtec. p. 80. See alfo Ephem. Germ. cent. 5.

app. p. 138. Zuinger. Peedoiatr. Obf. 29. p. 155. feq.

Shaw, Pra'a. Phyf. p. 4.5. Allen, Synopf. Medic, c. 10.

§. 47. p. 265. c A notitia of it is given in Gaelic. Hift. Chir.

Recent. §. 534. p. 343-]

The name Mgilops is alfo given to a kind of oat, called alfo

cerris, and by the Latins fejluca, the flour of which mixed with

honey, has been reputed a remedy for this difeafe. Gorr.

Def. Med. p. 9. Blanc. Lex. Med. p. 14. feq.

The Mgilops is the avena fyhejlris, the wild oat, common

among corn. Dale, Pharm. &c. p. 263. See Bromus.

Mgilops is alfo ufed for the Holme oak, with great acorns; the Cerrus mas majore glande a, ^uercus calyce echinato, glande majore, aty&u-b Iderorum, Afpris Maurorum, Cerrus Latinorum b. — [ a Vid. Parkin/. Theatr. p. 1387. b Cajp, BauhhiJ]

At Venice, they make cups of the acorns of this tree ; which is alfo ufed, as we do oak-bark, to drefs leather. Ray, Hift. Plant.

The cup of this acorn is an inch and an half in diameter, and fomewhat lefs in depth. Thefe cups are alfo ufed, m- ftead of galls, to die woollen cloth black. Id. ibid.

/EGINETA, in botany, the name given by Linnseus * to a genus of plants ; the characters of which are thefe. The cup is an oval inflated, and coloured fpathle ; it is univalve, and opens longitudinally near the top. The flower confifts of one

petal. Its bafe is large, round, and inflated. The tube is fhort, cylindric, and open ; and the mouth is fmall, but ex- panded, and turns back at the edge. The ftamina are four crooked filaments \ two of them are of the length of the flower, and the other two a little fhorter. The anther* are oblong, and ftand clofe to one another at their tops. The germen of the piftil is oval ; the ftyle is fubulated, and of the length of the ftamina ; and the fttgma is large, round, and bending. The Hortus Malabaricus b is the only work in which we have a defcription of this plant ; and there the fruit and feed are not mentioned. Without thefe, however, the flower gives a very evident proof of its being a genus wholly diftina from all others.— [ a Linn. Gen. Plant, p. 304. b Hort. Malab. Vol. 11. p. 47.]

^EGLEFINUS, in zoology, the name given, by the generality of authors, to the haddock, called by others the ones, or aftnus antiquorum. It is a well known fifh, and feems of a middle nature between the cod and the whiting. It is black on the back, and covered with fmall fcales, and has a black line running along each tide from the gills to the tail. Under this line, in the middle of the iides, and a little below the gills, it has on each fide a black fpot, pretended to have been made by the finger and thumb of St. Peter, in one of thefe fifh, and to have been from thence propagated through the whole fpcc'ies. A like idle tale there alfo is, of the faber, or John Dory. The eyes are large, and there is a fhort beard under the chin. The jaws are both furnifhed with teeth, as is alfo a part of the roof of the mouth, as in the common cod-fifh. Its fins are of the fame number and fitu- ation with thofe of the cod ; but its tail is forked. Gefner, de Pifc. p. 100.

,/EGLEUS, in botany, a term of distinction for the white chamxleon thiftle. It is derived from the Greek «iyX>!EK of Galen ; by which word he diitinguifhes the white chameleon, which was an efculent and medicinal plant, from the ereben- nus, or E£i&wa;, which was what we call the black chamadeon thiftle, and was eftecmed poifonous.

MGOBOLIUM, in antiquity, the facrifice of a goat offered to Cybcle. V. Act Erud. Lipf. an. 1703. p. 83. Mem. de Trev. 1703. p. 1331. It. 1705. p. 1001. Struv. Syntagm. Antiq. Rom. c. 10. p. 485.

The Mgobolium was an expiatory facrifice, which bore a near refemblance to the taurohalium and criobolium, and feems to have been fometimes joined with them. The notion of an Mgobolium feems to have been firft ftartei by Reinefius, from the copy of an antient infeription, wherein were the following words a ; Criobolium & AEMO- BOLiUM movit j where he takes /Emobolium for a cor- ruption of Mgobolium. Van Dale, and fome others, allow the correction ; but M. de Boze explodes both it and the Mga- bolium, aflcrting MmcboUum, for a mere effufion of blood, to be the genuine reading b. — [ a Infcript. p. 212. b Mem. Acad. Infcript. T. 4. p. 117.]

./EGOCEPHALUS, in zoology, the name by which the ge- nerality of authors call the bird, known in England by the name of the godwit, or in fome places the Jlone plover, the yarwherp, or yarnvhip. It is fomewhat larger than the wood- cock. Its head is covered with feathers black in the middle, and of a greyifh brown, with fome redifhnefs at the edges ; its neck and throat are of a redifh brown ; its breaft is of a dufky whitifh, and its back variegated with black, white, and yellowifti red, the middle of all the feathers being black. The male has black tranfverfe ftreaks on its breaft and throat, which the female wants, and are of a plain greyifh colour; and the rump is either white with black fpots, or has a large triangular white fpot on it, pointing upwards. The beak is fomewhat longer than the fnipe's j but the legs are fhort. It is frequent on the fandy fhores of the fea, where it walks very erect and boldly. Ray's Ornithol. p. 214, 218.

j*EGOMANTIA, in antiquity, a fpecies of divination per- formed by means of a goat. V. Buleng. 1. 3. de Divinat. c. 22. p. 215.

iEGONYCHUS, in natural hiftory, a name mentioned by Pliny, as fynonym of the lithofpermum, or gromwell. It had this name given it, by the Greek writers, from the words atyCi; on|, the claw or hoof of a goat. The antients had another name for this plant, of the fame fort or origin, which was Exonychm : by this they exprefled its being like the exterior part of the human nails on the fingers. The hardnefs and fcaly nature of the feeds, gave the idea of the refemblance of a nail, or hoof. Pliny, I. 26. c. 11.

jEGOPHTHALMUS, the goat's eye-Jlone, a name given, by fome authors, to thofe pieces of agat, or other femipcllucid gems, as have circular fpots in them refembling the eyes of that animal, in colour, and in their round figure.

./EGOPOGON, in botany, a name ufed by Tragus, and fome others, to exprefs the common meadoivfweet, or ulmaria. Ger. Emac Ind. 2.

iEGREFINUS, in zoology, a word more ufually fpelt Mgb- finus, and ufed as a name for the common haddoc. Bellonius, de Pifc. p. 104. See the article ^Eglefinus.

j^GYPTIACUM, {Cyd. ) — The German difpenfaric3 have another compofition cajled Mgyptiacum Compofitum Ma~