Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/417

 C A B

true reading of the Hebrew text. Prid. Connect. P. r. 1. 5. P- 507-

CABBIN. See Cabin.

CABEBA", a name given by fome authors to the (eales of iron. Rulandus.

CAHILIAU, in zoology, a name by which fome authors have called the common cod-fid, the morbus and ajc fas major of otherwriters. Willughby, Hift. Pifc. p. 165. See Qoj>-fijh.

CABIN, orCAEBJisr, (CycL) is fometimes ufed for the huts or cottages of (avages) and other poor people. The habitations of the Indians in Virginia are cabins, about nine or ten feet high, which are made after this manner: They fix poles into the ground, and bring the tops of them one within another, and fo tie them together; theoutfideof thefe poles they line with bark, to defend them from the injuries of the weather, but they leave a hole in the top, right in the middle of the cabin, for the fmoke to go out; round the infide of their cabins they have banks of earth caft up, which fcrve inftead of ftools and beds. Philof. Tranf. N° 126. See the article Cabins, CycL

CABINET (CycL) is fometimes particularly ufed for a place at the end of a gallery, wherein are preferved the paintings of the beft mafters a, conveniently ranged, and accompanied with bufts, and figures of marble and bronze, with other curiofi- ties b .~ [ * Felib. Princ. de 1' Archit. p. 364. b Davit. Expl. Term. Archit. p. 4.38, feq.]

In this fenfe, cabinet amounts to the fame with what is called by Vitruviusy finacotheca. Sometimes there are feveral pieces or rooms deftined for this ufe, v/hich are all together called ca- binet, ox gallery. Vitruv. de Archit. 1. 6. c. 5. Davil. loc. cit. See Gallery, CycL

Cabinet alfo denotes a kind of bufet or cheft of drawers, partly for the prefervation of things of value, and partly as a decora- tion of a chamber, gallery, or other apartment. Thus we fay, an open cabinet, a walnut-tree cabinet, a Japan or Chinefe ca- binet, &c. Savor. Diet. Comm. T. r. p. 506. In the repository of the Royal Society is a Chinefe cabinet, filled with the instruments and fimples ufed by the furgcons of that country. The moft remarkable are thofe which are contrived for fcratching, picking and tickling the ears, in which the Chi- nefe take great pleafure. Phil. Tranf. N° 24.6. p. 390, feq. Cabinet, in gardening, is a little infulatcd building in manner of a fummer-houfe, built in fome agreeable form, and open on all fides ; fervjng as a place of retirement, and to take the frefh air under cover. Davil. Cours d'Archit. P. 2. p. 439. According to Miller, a cabinet is a kind of faloon, placed at the end or in the middle of a long arbour. See the article Ar- bour, CycL

It differs from an arbour, which is long, in form of a gallery, and arched over head ; whereas the cabinet is either fquare, cir- cular, or in cants, making a kind of faloon. Mill. Gard. Diet. in voc. Cabinet is alfo ufed in fpeaking of the more felect and fecret councils of a prince or administration. Thus we fay, the fecrets, the intrigues of the cabinet. To avoid the inconveniences of a numerous council, the po- licy of Italy, and practice of France, have introduced cabinet

.councils; a remedy worfe than the difeafe. Bacon, Mor. Eft* 21. Works, T. 3. p. 330. Trev. Diet. Univ. T. 1. p. 1307.

King Charier. I. is charged with firft eltablifhing this ufage in England. Befides his privy council, that prince erected a kind of cabinet-zounc\\, or junto, under the denomination of a coun- cil of ftate; compofed of archhifliop Laud, the earl of Staf- ford, and lord Collington, with the fecretaries of ftate. da- rend. Hift. Rebell. T. 1. I. 2. Bibl. Cboif. T. 18. p. 68- Yet fome pretend to find the fubftance of a c^W-eouncil of much greater antiquity, and even allowed by parliament, who antiently fettled a quorum of perfons moft confided in, without whofe prefence no arduous matter was to he determined ; giv- ing them power to act without confuting the reft of the coun- cil. As long fince as the 28th of Henry Ilf. acharter patted in affirmance of the antient rights of the kingdom a ; which pro- vided, that four great men, chofen by common confer) t, who were to be confervators of thekhigdom b, among other things, fhould fee to the difpofing of monies given by parliament, and appropriated to particular ufes ; and parliaments were to be fummoned as they fhould advife c . But even of thefe four 11 , any two made a quorum ; and generally the chief juftice of England, and chancellor, were of the number of the confer- vators •:—[_■ Vid. A'Jattb. Par. 28 Hen. III. b Per vifum & tejlimoniwn eorum tracletur thefaurus domini regis, & pecunia ab univcrjii fpecia titer concejja ad commodum domini regis £3" regni e.x- pendatur, &c. e Nee fine ipjis fed am necefje fuerit &? ad eorum infianiiam iterum conveniant univerf. J Et ft non armies duo ad uvnus prafentes fan, &c. c Et quia frequenter debent effe cum rege poterunt ej/e de numero conferuatorumA In the firft of Henry VI. f the parliament provides, that the quorum for the privy council be fix, or four at the leaft ; and that in all weighty confiderations, the dukes of Bedford and Glocefter, the king's uncles, fhould be prefent ; which feems to be erecting a cabinet by law *.— [ f Rot. Pari. 1 Hen. VI. n. 30, 31. « Accompt Land Pore. Engl. p. 54. J

Suppl. Vol. I.

C A B

CABIRI, in antiquity, certain deities worshipped more ejpc - ally by theSamothracians, and in the ifie of Itnbros, and other parts of Greece.

The Cabiri, according to Sanchoniathon, were alfo adored by the Phoenicians a. Diodorus Siculus fcribes to them the in- vention of fire, and the art of working iron b. Whence it is, that on a medal of Gordian c, and another of Furia Sa- bina franquillma, both ftruck atCarrhae, where the Cabiri were worfhipped, we find the figure of a Cabirus on a column, holding a hammer in his right hand For the fame realon* Herodotus obferves, they were reprefented like Vulcan d. —J 3 Eufcb. de Prepar. Evang. I. i ; * DM. Sic. 1. 5. c Vaillant, Num Imper. P. 2. p? 205, 223. d Hercdot. 1 3. Trev. Diet. Univ. T. 1, p. 1307. j

5 Pis difputed who, and how many, the Cabiri were, whether they be of Phoenician, Samothracian, or Egyptian origin; and Whether the fons of Vulcan or of Jupiter ? V. Pitifc. Lex. Ant. T. p. 306. Schoetg. Lex. Ant. p. 274. The common opinion limits them to two, viz. Caftor and Pollux, ctherwife called Diofcuri. Others, on the authority of Mnafeas, cited by the fcholiaft on ApolJonius Rhodius,, ad- mit four more, viz. Axieros, or Ceres,. Axiokevfa, or Pro- ferpine, Axiokerfos, or Pluto, and Cafmilos, or Mercury. But the reafon of the denomination is by no means agreed on. The generality derive the word from the Hebrew cabir ; or rather ghab'tr, powerful : on which principles the Cabiri are fuppofed to be the fame with thofe otherwife called Dii mag- ni, or the greater Gods ; tho' Gutbcrlcth makes them to be the Penates, brought by ./Eneas into Italy, after the deftruc- tion of Troy. Gutberleth, Diff Philol de Deorum Cabiro- rum myfteriis. ap Ejufd. opufc. Franck. 1704. 8°. Act. Erud. Lipf. 1--05. p. 536.

Aftorius derives the name from cho'ir, an inchanfsg-, as fup- pofing them to have originally been a fort of magicians, be- fore or foon after the Egyptian flood, to whom divine ho- nours were paid e. M. Reland from chabar, to unite, aiib- ciate ; on which principle the dii Cabiri fhould import as much as focial or aflbciated Gods. An appellation which quadrates exactly with Caftor and Pollux, whofe union is fo famous in all antiquity; and no lefs with the other four, whofe fellow- fhip did not confift in their being of the number of great Gods, a quality which was by no means peculiar to them, but in what related to them as infernal Gods, and jointly charged with the care of the dead f .— [ e Jflor, Diff. de Diis Cabins. Venet. 1703. r Reland Diflert. Mifcell. P. 1 Diff. 5. Act. Erud. Lipf. 1707. p. 72. feq. Jour, des Scav. T. 39- P- 483 feq.]

Cabiri is alfo ufed to denote the gain* or Perfian fire-wor- fhippers. Hyde, de Relig. Perf. c. 29 Cabiri fait gabri, voce Perfica aliquantuhan detotta. Trev, Diet. Univ. T.I. p. 1307, feq. SeeGABREs, CycL

CABLING, in architecture, the figure of a ftaff*, or reed, either plain or carved, in refemhlance of a rope, or a rufh, where- with a third part of the flutings of a column are fometimes filled up ; hence called cabled fittings.

There are alfo cablings in relievo without fluting, efpecially on certain pilafters, as in the church of Sapienza at Rome. Davil. Cours d'Archit. P. 2. p. 842. voc. Rudmture.

CA13LISH, cablicia, in the foreft: law, denotes brufh, or browfe wood * ; tho' Spelman b takes it more properly to fignify trees, or branches thrown down by the wind ; from the French chablis or bois chablis, which denotes the fame. — [ a Manwood, For. Law. p. 84. Cromp. Jurifd. p. 165. Cowely Interpr. in voc. b Spelm. Gloff. p. 96. Du Cange, Glpf£ Lat. 'I". 1. p. 67c. Skim. Etym. voc. Forenf]

CABOCHED, in heraldry, a deer's, leopard's, or bull's head, is faid to he caboched, when it is born full-faced without any part of the neck. Cms, Diet. Her. p. 61. The word is formed from the obfolete French cahoche$ from caput, head. Menag. orig. p. 143. Skim Etym. Angl. in voc.

CAKOCLES, a name given in the W eft-Indies by the Por- tuguefe to thofe produced between Americans and Negroes. See Boyle's Works, abr. Vol. 2. p. 4;.

CABOTE, in zoology, the name of a fifh of the cucuhis kind, more ufually known among authors by the name of the co- rax Pijlis. Gefner, dePifc. p. 356. See CpRAX.

CABRUSI, in the writings of the antients, a word frequent- ly ufed to exprefs Cyprian, or coming from the ifland of Cy-< prus. The antient Greeks had almoft all their vitriols and vitriolic minerals from this ifland ; they therefore fometimes called thefe cabruji, without any addition. It is very pro- bable that our word copperas, the common name of green vitriol, is a falfe pronunciation of this word cabrufi.

CABUIA, a Weft-Indian (pedes of hemp, produced in the province of Panama, from a plant fome what like the Char- don or Iris; when ripe, they lay it to fteep in water, and after drying it again, beat it with wooden mallets till nothing but the hemp remains, which they afterwards fpin and make thread and ropes of it; the former of which is fo hard and tough, that with it they faw iron, by fitting it on a box, and laying a little fine find over the metal as the work proceeds. Savar. Diet. Com. T. 1. p. 506.

5 Z CASURE,