Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/177

 ANT

their nutriment from us. Whence the impoflibility of the refurredtion of the fame body has been inferred. See Re surrection, Cycl

ANTHROPOPHAGIA {Cycl.)— This is pretended by fome to be the effeft of a peculiar kind of difeafe which they call ■n-aftpayia, and which leads people affe&ed with it to eat every thing alike. Some chufe only toconfiderit as a fpecies of pica. The annals of Milan furnifh an extraordinary inftance of Anthropophagy- A Milanefe woman named Elizabeth; from a depraved appetite, like what women with child, and thofe whofe menfes are obftructed frequently experience, had an in- vincible inclination to human fieih, of which fhe made pro- vifion by enticing children into her houfe, where fhe killed and falted them ; a difcovery of which having been made, fhe was broke on the wheel and burnt in 1519. Jour, des Scav. T. 44.. p. 190. feq.

Authors have been divided as to the occafion of the Anthro- popbagia charged on the primitive Chriftians ; the gcneralky attribute its origin to what the Heathens had heard of the eucharift and the communion, tho' M. Daille and others after him are not fatisfied with this conjecture. Wormius advances another reafon ; the Chriftians it is known aflembled in fhe catacombs, and about the tombs of the martyrs, where they made profefiion of deliring earneftly the baptifm of blood, an expreffion by which they underftood martyrdom ; the Hea- thens miftook the phrafe, and imagined that the Chriftians be- ing initiated by water baptifm, had afterwards bapttfms of blood to confirm them in the faith. He adds, that the child covered with flower, puer farre conteBus, who was (tabbed by the perfon initiated, was no other than the eucharift, or the body of Jefus Chrift, concealed under the fubltance of bread. Vid. Ouvr. des Scav. 1696. p. 376.

ANTHROPOSCOPIA, the art of judging or difcovering a man's character, difpofition, paffions, and inclinations, from the lineaments of his body.

In which fenfe, Antbropofcopia feems of fomewhat greater ex- tent than phyfiognomy, or metopofcopy. Otto has publifhed an Antbropofcopia, jive judicium bomin'ts de homim ex lineament 1 s externis. Regiom. 1 64.7. 4.

AN THROPOSOPHIA, the fcience of the nature of man, and his ftrmShire and compofition, both internal and external. Charlt. CEcon. Anim. Exerc. 3. §. 10.

In this fenfe, Antbropofophia amounts to much the fame with the medical phyfiology or anatomy.

The word is ufed by Charleton, but with no great propriety ; fince Sophia or wifdom imports the fcience of ufing means to obtain an end, which is foreign to Charlcton's intention. Surggr. Lex. Med. T. 1. p. 867.

ANTHROPOTHYSIA, a^uttoBwm; in antientwriters,denotes the offering of human vi&ims. V. Suic. Thef. Ecclef. T. 1. p. 34.7. in voc. AvfyumQvteu. Fabric. Bibl. Antiq. c. 11. n. 3. The Antbropothyjia, whatever horror the idea of it may now excite, was a frequent practice among the antients. Some have imagined that the facrifice of Abraham was the firft inftance. Manyreafonings and difquifitions have been founded on this fuppofition ; by which the feverity of Abraham's trial is thought by fome to have been fomewhat exaggerated. Human facrinces were in ufe among tbe Gentiles before that time ; praciifed by kings as well as by private perfons ; nay by entire nations, as the Egyptians, Phoenicians, Canaanites, &c. V. Phil, de Abraham, p. 375. Marjh. Can. Chrbn. ^gypt. Sea. 5. p. 77. Budd. Hift. Ecclef. Vet. Teft Period. I. Seer. 3. p. 280. feq.

ANTHUMON, in the materia medica of the antients, a name given to the epithymum, or dodder growing upon thyme. See the articleEpiTHYMUM.

ANTHUS, in zoology, a name by which Aldrovand and fome other authors have called that fpecies of the CEnanthc known in England by the name of the Wb'tn-chatt. Aldrovand. de Avibus. See the article Whin-Ch att.

ANTHYPOMOSIA, A»9vx-«po0-.a, in.antient writers, an oath taken by a profecutor or accufer, declaring that the abferjee of the party accufed is not for any juft caufc, and therefore de- manding that judgment may no longer be delayed on that ac- count. Suid. Lex. in voc.

ANTHYPOPHORA, A»8wrop ogflf) in rhetoric, a figure whereby we covertly obviate a reafon or objection. Faber, Thef. p. 185. Hcdcr. Schul. Lex. p. 262.

In this fenfe Antbypophora ftands oppofed to viro$of>x 9 bypo- phora^ e. gr. If the hypophora be, grammar is very difficult to obtain ; the Anthypopbora may be, grammar is indeed a little difficult to attain, but then its ufe is infinite. See Hypophora.

ANTIBARBAROUS, a title given to fevcral works levelled againft the ufe of barbarous terms and phrafes, chiefly in the Latin tongue.

Erafmus, Nizolius, and Cellarius have publifhed Autibar- bara. Noltenius has given us a Lexicon ' Anti-barbarum, confifting of obfervatiom made by the grammarians of late ages in relation to the purity and corruption of Latin words. Sixt..Amama has given an Antibarbarus biblicus, wherein he pretends to have difcovered feven fources of the barbariims which have got footing of late ages in the bible. Helnijl. j 7 30. 8°. Suppl. Vol. I.

ANT

Peter _du Moulin ufed the title Antibarbarus for a book againft the ufe of an unknown tongue in divine fervice. ANTIBIBLOS A,f.&&,;, in the civil law, an inftrument or fignature whereby the defendant owns he has received the libel or a copy of it, and notes the day whereon he received it. This is ufually done on the back of the libel. Du Came Gloff. Gr. T. i. p. 83. .

ANT1CADMIA, denotes a fpecies of mineral Cadmia, fome- times alio called PJeudo-Cadmia. Vid. Call. Lex. Med p. 56.

It takes the denomination Anticadmia, not as being oppofite in quality to the Cadmitt, but becaufe it is ufed as a fubftitute to it. Id. ibid.

ANTICATARRHAL, an epithet given to things which are levelled againft catarrhs. Cajl. Lex. Med. in voc. In this fenfe, we meet with Anticatarrhal medicines, Antica- tarrhal prefcriptions, try. Lentil. Mifc. Medic. Praa P 2. p. 503.

ANTICATEGORIA, Ate^, ?te, i„ oratory, denotes a re- crimination or mutual accufation ■ ; where the two parties

charge each other with the fame crime' [• iZfrfinU, Inft

1. 3. c. 8. " Calv. Lex. Jur. p. 73.]

Apollodorusconfiders the Anticatigoria as two feveral caufes or

actions. QuinCl. 1. 7. c. 2.

ANTICAUSOTICS, among phyficians, denotemedicines againft burning fevers.

In this fenfe Juncken has given the defcription of an anticau- fittc fynm. Jwuk. Corp. Pliarm. P. 2. p. 493.

ANTICNEMION, in anatomy, denotes the (bin ; or the fore prominent part of the tibia.

This is otherwife called by the Greeks a«b»9«, by the Latin9 prima tibia, or anterior tibia, and ftands oppofed to the Jura or calf of the leg, fometimes called ocrla. Garr. Def Med. p. 39. Cajl. Lex. Med. p. 56.

ANTIDjEMONICI, in ecclefiallical hiftory, a fefl who de- nied the exiftence of devils, or evil fpirits ; alfo all fpeBres, incantations, witchcrafts, BV. Prated. Elcnch. Hajret. 1 1 n. 46.

ANTICHRIST (Cj*/.)— Wehavedemonftrations, difputations, pro and con, and proofs in great order and number, both that the pope is, and that he is not Antichrijl. F. Calmet is very large in defcribing the father and mother of Antichrijl, his tribe and pedigree, his wars and conquefts, his atchicvements againft Gog, Magog, tsV. Some place his capital at Conftantinople, others at Jerufalem, others at Mofcow, and fome few at London, but the gene- rality at Rome, though thefe laft are divided. Grotius and fome others fuppofe Rome Pagan to have been the feat of Anti- chrijl. Moft of the Lutheran and reformed doctors contend earneftly for Rome Chriftian under the papal hierarchy. M. Le Clerc holds that the rebel Jews and their leader Simon, whofe hiftory is given by Jofephus, are to be reputed as the true Antichrijl. Lightfoot and Vandcrhart rather apply this character to the jcwifli Sanhedrim. Hippolitus and others held that the devil himfelf was the true Antichrijl, that he was to be incarnate, and make his appearance in human fliape before the confummation of things. Others among the an- tients held that Antichrijl was to be born of a virgin, by fome prolific power imparted to her by the devil. A modern writer of the female fex, whom many hold for a faint, baa improved on this fentiment, maintaining that Antichrijl is to be begotten by the devil on the body of a witch by means of the femen of a man caught in the commimon of a certain crime, and conveyed, (Sc. Bayle, Difl. Crit. T. 1. p. 655. note (Q_) voc. Bourignon. But the majority of voices has fallen on Nero. How cndlefs are conjecf ures ? Some of the Jews we are told actually took Cromwell for the Chrift, while fome other3 have laboured to prove him Antichrijl himfelf. Pfaffius affures us he faw a folio book in the Bodleian library, written on pur- pofe to demonftrate this latter pofition. Pfaff. Introd. in Hift. Theol. Liter. Lib. 1. p. 106.

Hunnius and fome others to fecure Antichrijl to the pope, notWithftanding that this latter feemed excluded by not being of the tribe of Dan, have broke in upon the unity of Anti- chrijl, and affert that there is to be both an Eaftern and a weftern Ant'uhrift.

ANTICHRISTIANISM, a ftate or quality in perfons or prin- ciples, which denominates them antichriitian, or oppofite to the kingdom of Chrift.

M. Jurieu takes the idea of the unity of the church to have been the fource of Antichrijlianifm. Had not mankind been infatuated with this, they would never have ftood in fuch awe of the anathema's of Rome. It is on this the popes erected their monarchical power. Vid. Ouvr. des Scav. An. 1 688. P- 493-

ANTICHRISTIANS properly denote the followers or wor- fhipers of Antichrijl. Sec Antichrist.

Antichristians are more particularly underftood of thofe who fet up or believe a falfe Chrift, or Meffiah. Prateol, Elench. Haeret. 1. I. n. 46.

In this fenfe, many Jews and others may be denominated An-

tichrijhans. Bucet himfelf is by fome ranked in the number,

it being pretended that at his death he declared that Chrift

1 X was