Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Supplement, Volume 1.djvu/144

 ANA

ANA

ANACLASTIC Gkffes* Vitra AnadaJUca^ a kind of fonorous phials, or glafles, chiefly made in Germany, which have the property of being flexible ; and emitting a vehement noife by the human breath.— They are alio called vexing glaltes, by the Germans, vexier glafer, on account of the fright and difturbance they occafion by their rcfilition. The Anadajiic glafles are a low kind of phials with flat bellies, refembling inverted funnels, whofe bottoms are very thin, fcarce furpafling the thicknefs of an onion peel : this bottom is not quite flat, but a little convex. But upon ap- plying the mouth to the orifice, and gently infpiring, or as it were fucking out the air, the bottom gives way with a hor- rible crack, and of convex, becomes concave. On the con- trary, upon expiring or breathing gently into the orifice of the fame glafs, the bottom with no lefs noife bounds back to its former place, and becomes gibbous as before. The Anadajiic glafles firft taken notice of were in the caftle of Goldbach 4 where one of the academifts Nature curiofo- rum, having Ceen and made experiments on them, publifhed a piece exprefs on their hiftory and phenomena. Rojini Len- tiiii Oribafii Sched. de Vitris Anaclafticis. V. Ephem. Acad. N. C. Dec. 2. An. 3. p. 489. feq. their figure may be feen in the book above cited.

They are all made of a fine white glafs. It is to be obferved in thefe, 1. That if the bottom be concave at the time of infpiration, it will burft ; and the like will happen if it be •convex at the time of expiration. 2. A ftrong breath will have the fame effect even under the contrary circumftances.

ANACLETICUM-, AwMtXtlixw, in the -antient art of war, a particular blaft of the trumpet, whereby the fearful, and fly- ing foldiers were rallied, and recalled to the combat. Sutd. Lex. T. 1. p. 166.

ANACLINOPALE, Ahufenm)*, in antiquity, a kind of wreftling, wherein the champions threw themfelves volun- tarily on the ground, and continued the combat by pinching, biting, fcratching, and other methods of offence. Potter. Archaeol. I. 2. c. 21.

The Anadinopale, ftood contradiftinguifhed from the ortho- pale, wherein the champions were erect. In the Anadino- pale, the weaker combatant fometimes gained the victory.

ANACL1NTERIA, in antiquity, a kind of pillows on the dining bed, whereon the guefts ufed to lean. The antient tricliniary beds had four aytJl*, one at the head, another at the feet, a third at the back, and a fourth at the breaft. That on which the head lay, was properly called by the Greeks, ara^i^m,,, or #huO\$%w ; by the Romans Ful- -crum, fometimes Pluteus. Cafaub. Not, ad Spartian. in JEllo Vero. c. 5. Salmaf. ad eund.

According to other writers, Anadinteria is more properly underftood of the backs of ciiairs whereon we lean. Pitifc. Lex. Ant. T. 1. p. go.

ANACOENOS1S, Communication a figure in rhetoric, when we confult the adverfary, or appeal to the judges what ought, or could have been done on fuch an occafion. Vojf. Rhet. c. 14. §. 2.

Such is that of Cicero, S$u*ro y fi te hodie domum tuam redeun- tem, coacli homines et armati, non modo limine teiloque tedium tuarum, fed prima aditu vejlibuloque probibuerint, quid aclurus fu f Cicero pro Cecin.

ANACOLLEMA, in phyfic, denotes a liniment or other me- dicine applied to the forehead, to ftop or prevent defluxions of the eyes. Gorr. Def. Med. p. 33. The word is Greek, formed of ««* ?A«w, conglutino. Anacoilemata make a fpecies of medicines called frontalia. The qualities required are, to be drying, cooling, thickening, altringent, conglutinant, &c.

1 o the clafs of Anacoilemata belong bran, manna, myrrh, terra Samia, Acacia, feff.

Jungkcn defcribes an Anacollema frontale for flopping he- morrhages at the nofe. Jungk. Lex. Chym. Pharm. P. 2. p. 12.

ANACOLUTHON> Avax^vQw, among antient grammarians, denotes an incoherence, or a conftruaion which does not hang together. This is ufually fignified by the appellation of a figure, which ought rather to be denominated an inac- curacy. Fab. Thef. p. 152. Heder. Schul. Lex. p. 227. feq. '

ANACRISIS, among the antient Greeks, is ufed for a kind of trial, or examination, which the Archons, or chief ma- giftratesof Athens, were to undergo, before their admiffion into that office.

The Anacrifn ftands diftinguifhed from the Dodmaf a, which was a fecond examination, in the forum. The Anacrifts was performed in the fenate houfe. The quef- tions here propofed to them were concerning their family, kindred, behaviour, eftate, &c. Potter. Archsol. 1. i.e. 12. come will have it that all magiftrates underwent the Anacrifis.

Anacrists, in the civil law, denotes a fearch or enquiry into the truth by examination of witneffes, and other proper means, efpecially torture. Calv. Lex. Jur. p. 66. BriJ. de verb. Sigmf. p. 45. Suid. Lex. T. 1. p. 167.

ANACROSIS, A^f, i n antiquity, denotes a part of the Pythian long, wherein the combat of Apollo and Python are defenbed. Potter. Archsol 1. 2. c. 23.

4

The Anaerofis was the firft part, and contained the prepar- tion to the fight.

ANACTON Padon, A*a*W n a .&», in antiquity, a feftival held at Amphyfla, the capital of Locris, in honour either of the Diofcuri, or of the Curetes, or Cabiri, about which authors are not agreed. Potter. Archasol. 1. 2- p. 20.

ANADAVAD./EA, in zoology, the name of a fmall bird of the Eaft Indies, which has the beak of the chaffinch, and the feet of the lark. It is a very fmall bird, fcarce exceed- ing the gold crefted wren in fize. It is brown on the back, hut very beautifully red at the rump ; its tail and its long wing feathers are black ; the wings arefpotted with white, and tha breaft is black in fome birds, and in others of a fine bright red. It is fometimes brought over to England alive in cages, and will live here very comfortably. Ray's Ornitholog. p. 194.

ANADEMA, among the antients, denotes an ornament of the head, wherewith victors at the facred games had their temples bound. Fab. Thef. p. 153.

The word is formed of the Greek Ava&oftat, to be bound round the temples, to be crowned. Suic. TheL T. i.p. 256.

in VOC Avcchofictt.

Some confound the Anadema with the Diadema, worn by

the antient Perfian kings. Pitifc. Lex. Ant. T. 1. p. 661.

in voc. Diadema.

Anademata are alfo mentioned by antient writers among

the ornaments of the heads of women. Calv. Lex. Jur.

p. 66.

According to fome the Greek word uvcthpx anfwers to what

the Latins call Redimiculum.

ANADOSIS, in the antient medicine, denotes the diftribution of the aliment, by the veffels of the body. Gorr. Def. Med. p. 33. Caji. Lex. Med. p. 43.

In this fenfe Anadofis makes a part of nutrition or digeftion. Some ufe Anadofis as fynonymous with Diadofis. Others dif- tinguifh between them, reftraining Anadofis to the act of con- veying the chyle from the ftomach into the greater veins, and Diadofis to that of forwarding it from the greater into the fmaller, and capillary veffels. See Digestion.

ANADROMOUS, inichthyography,aterm of diftindtionamong fifhes, denoting fuch as have their times of going from the frefh water to the fait, and afterwards returning back to the frefh water again.

The word is derived from the Greek, »«j back again, and ^°'/* ^ a courfe, or paffage. The truttaceous fifhes are many of them of this kind, and the method nature has appointed of their courfe of changes feems to be this j they are firft produced from the fpawn in frefh water rivers, they live there till of fome ftrength and fize, and then feek the fait water to feed more at large in, and grow to their full extent : at which period they return into the frefhes again to lay their fpawn, that their young brood may have the fame advantages themfelves before had of being firft placed in frefh water. Some ufe the word Catanadromi in the fame fenfe. Vid. mihigbby's Hift. Pifc. p. 182. Caji. Lex. Med. p. 48. Du Conge, GlofT. Grsec, T. 1. p. 67.

ANADYSIS, among antient divines, denotes the ceremony of the emerfion in baptifm. Suic. Thef. Ecclef. T. 1. p. 259. in voc. AvaHvai. See Baptism.

In which fenfe, a*«3Wk (lands contradiftinguifhed from x«l«- 3Wk, or immerfion. See Immersion, Cycl.

AN^DEIA, in antiquity, a denomination given to a filver ftool placed in the Arasopagus, on which the defendant, or perfon accufed was feated for examination. Potter y Archeeol. 1- 1. c. 19.

The word is Greek Ak*e&i», which imports impudence; but ac- cording to Junius's corredtion it mould rather be Avxfltx, q. d. innocence.

The plaintif, or accufer was placed on an oppofite ftool called Hybris, or injury ; here he propofed three queftions to the party accufed ; to which pofitive anfwers were to be given. The firft, are you guilty of this fact ? The fecond, how did you commit the fact? The third, who were your accom- plices? See Accusation, Cycl. and Suppl.

AN./ERETA, in aftrology, a place in the heavens, at which the Apbeta arriving, an infant born at that time, is in danger of death. Vital. Lex. Math. p. 38. The word is Greek, and literally imports, a cutter off, Ah~

In this fenfe An&reta ftands oppofed to Apbeta.

Anesreta, among the Greek aftrologers, amounts to the fame,

with what the Arabs call Ahazin.

ANESTHESIA, AweQwa, in medicine, a privation of fenfe, or abolition of the faculty of perceiving external objects. Zuinger. Compend. Inftit. Med. Pathol, n. 158.

. The fpecies or degrees of this are Jlupor, hebetudo^ de- pravatio, &c.

ANAGALLIS, in the Linnsan fyftem of botany, the name of a genus of plants, the characters of which are thefe. The calyx is a perianthium divided into five hollowed fegments, and remaining after the flower is fallen. The flower confifts of a fingle petal, which forms no tube, but is divided into five roundifh but fomewhat oval fegments, which join together at their bottoms. The ftamina are five erect filaments Ihorter

than