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 GAZETTEER OF THE CUDDAPAH DISTRICT

CHAPTER I. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION.

GENERAL-Natural divisions-Rivers--The western division-The southern division-The eastern division. SOILS. CLIMATE-Rainfall Temperature-Humidity-Winds. GEOLOGY-Two distinct rock areas-Of crystalline rocks-Of stratified rocks-Concealed by recent deposits-Upland rugged with scattered hill masses-Low country of hill-divided plains-Granitoid gneiss-Granite veins--Trap dykes-Brecciated quartz reefs-Sub-metamorphic series of Cuddapah and Kurnool-Cuddapah formation-In south-east taluks-Cheyyer group-Cheyyers in the Pulivendla taluk, volcanic--Papaghni group. oldest-Faulting near Cuddapah-Warm springs-Nallamalai group-Metalliferous-Cuddapah town on rocks of the Kurnool formation-Kunder series of limestones-Narji beds-Banganapalle group of quartzites-Alluvium, soils, etc.-Implement gravels-Blown sands of Penner-Industrial products-Diamonds-Iron ore-Lead ore-Copper-Building materials-Limestones-Lime Slates-Sandstones, etc.-Gneiss, etc, FAUNA Cattle-Buffaloes, Sheep and Goats-Game-Quadrumana.

THE district of Cuddapah till recently ranked second in point of size among the Collectorates of the Madras Presidency. By the recent redistribution of districts, which chiefly affected the tract comprising the old districts of Cuddapah and North Arcot, the former lost three taluks representing an extent of 2,839 square miles, nearly 33 per cent. of its total area. Of these taluks Kadiri, the largest, was on