Page:Cracow - Lepszy.djvu/28

 THE ORIGINS OF CRACOW daughter of King Vratislav II., in pursuance of a vow, presented to the cathedrals of Gniezno and Plock MSS. of the Gospels richly illuminated by the Benedictine Abbot Bozytech of Sazawa—one of which, the so-called Codex aureus pultoviensis, is now in the Museum of the Czartoryski family at Cracow. The second wife, whom he -married in 1088, and who died after 1092—also a Judith, daughter of Henry III—brought as a present another MS. of the Gospels, richly ornamented with miniatures, and containing on the dedication page pictures of the Emperor Henry IV, of the abbots and bishops of Regensburg, and below, three representations of St. Emmeram, for which reason it is usually called the Emmeram Gospels. It is probable that the Regensburg influence, through Judith and her Suabian chaplain Otto (afterwards Bishop of Bamberg), asserted itself also in the building of the new basilica in Romanesque style; the more so as the architectural activity of the prelate just mentioned was further manifested in the building of Speyer Cathedral. The building of this Romanesque cathedral extends over a long period of time. Boleslaus III (1102-1138), under whose reign the church was consecrated (in ino), added two towers to it in 1126. In its principal foundation, it was a basilica with one choir, three naves, and two apses. On the western side, as in St. Emmeram's church at Regensburg, there is a subterranean crypt. The church was dedicated, it seems, first to St. Salvator, then—in the thirteenth century—to St. Wenceslaus, which points to connections with Bohemia; such, in fact, are manifest in the political events of Ladislaus Hermann's reign, Vratislav of Bohemia assuming the title of King of Poland. Of the upper part of the Romanesque church scanty fragments only have been preserved, viz., a cube-shaped capital, a piece of channelled stone, and the lower part of the southern tower; but the crypt is preserved in its entirety. St. Leonard, to whom it was dedicated, was the Patron Saint of Liège, which is of importance as showing the probable connection of his cult in Poland with the Benedictine abbey mentioned above; besides, he was also particularly worshipped