Page:Cousins's Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature.djvu/389

 Dictionary of English Literature 377

pieces. When the volume, variety, finish, and duration of his work are considered, as well as the influence which he exercised on his time, a unique place must be assigned him among the poets of his country.

SUMMARY. B. 1809, ed. Camb., Poems by Two Brothers 1827, Poems chiefly Lyrical 1830, his chief works Poems in two Volumes 1842, Princess 1847, In Memoriam 1850, Maud 1855, Idylls of the King 1869-72, Poet Laureate 1850, d. 1892.

Life by his s. (2 vols., 1897). There are also numerous books, bio graphical and critical, by, among others, W. E. Wace (1881), A. C. Benson, A. Lang, F. Harrison, Sir A. Lyell, C. F. G. Masterman (T. as a Religious Teacher), Stopford Brooke, Waugh, etc.

TENNYSON, FREDERICK (1807-1898). Poet, was the

eldest s. of the Rector of Somersby, Lincolnshire, and brother of Alfred T. (q.v.). Ed. at Eton and Camb., he passed most of his life n Italy and Jersey. He contributed to the Poems by Two Brothers, and produced Days and Hours (lyrics) (1854), The Isles of Greece 1890), Daphne (1891), and Poems of the Day and Night (1895). All lis works show passages of genuine poetic power.

TENNYSON TURNER, CHARLES (1808-1879). Poet, elder

Drother of Alfred T. (q.v.), ed. at Camb., entered the Church, and Became Vicar of Grasby, Lincolnshire. The name of Turner he as sumed in conformity with the will of a relation. He contributed to Poems by Two Brothers, and was the author of 340 sonnets, which were greatly admired by such critics as Coleridge, Palgrave, and his Brother Alfred.

THACKERAY, WILLIAM MAKEPEACE (1811-1863).

Novelist, s. of Richmond T., who held various important appoint ments in the service of the East India Company, and who belonged to an old and respectable Yorkshire family, was b. at Calcutta, and soon after the death of his /., which took place in 1816, sent home to England. After being at a school at Chiswick, he was sent to the Charterhouse School, where he remained from 1822-26, and where he does not appear to have been very happy. Meanwhile in 1818 his mother had m. Major H. W. C. Smythe, who is believed to t>e, in part at any rate, the original of Colonel Newcome. In 1829 he went to Trinity Coll., Camb., where he remained for a year only, and where he did not distinguish himself particularly as a student, 3ut made many life-long friends, including Spedding (q.v.), Tenny son, Fitzgerald (q.v.), and Monckton Milnes (see Houghton), and con tributed verses and caricatures to two Univ. papers, " The Snob " and " The Gownsman." The following year, 1831, was spent chiefly in travelling on the Continent, especially Germany, when, at Weimar, he visited Goethe. Returning he entered the Middle Temple, but having no liking for legal studies, he soon abandoned them, and turning his attention to journalism, became proprietor, wholly or in part, of two papers successively, both of which failed. These enterprises, together with some unfortunate investments and also, it would seem, play, stripped him of the comfortable fortune which he had inherited; and he now found himself dependent on tiis own exertions for a living. He thought at first of art as a