Page:Cornyn Outline of Burmese Grammar.pdf/34

Rh o’clock’; macágín kâuŋgâun pyôdappálèimmé ‘before long (you) will probably be able to talk well’.

Enclitic ‑phê. This is attached to negated verbs with the meaning ‘without’:

mî mapábê tôdêgóu maθwânè ‘do not go into the forest without a light’; maθibênè mapyônè ‘do not speak without knowing’.

163. Doubled verbs are noun expressions which consist of two verb members. The verb members may be the same verb repeated (164), the parts of a dissyllabic verb repeated (165), a negated verb repeated (166), two different negated verbs (167), a verb first member followed by a rhyming syllable (168), a verb first member followed by rhyming syllables with initial t- t- (169), a negated verb first member followed by a verb with prefixed ta- (170). Doubled verbs are often preceded by kha?khaɁ [sic] (171).

When the members of a doubled verb are the same verb repeated, the juncture is close:

kâundé ‘is good’: kâuŋgâun loutté ‘(he) works well’; hnêidé ‘is slow’: hnêihnêi pyôbá ‘speak slowly’; tândé ‘extends in a straight line’: tândân θwâ ‘go straight’;  tódé ‘is sufficient’: tódó nyán kâundé ‘is fairly intelligent’; dá phyìn, khímbyâ θâðamîdwéi tódó cî kóumbí ‘that being the case, your children are almost grown  up’; lwédé ‘is easy’: ŋwéi lwélwénè mayàhnáimbû ‘money can not be got with  ease’; nêdé ‘is few, little’: nênê ŋédé ‘(he) is a little young (for that)’: couttòugóu  thîn nênêlauɁ šá pêibá ‘look for a little firewood for us’; túdé ‘is the same’:  túdúbê ‘just the same’; códé ‘is refined, genteel’: Ɂapyóu cójógalêimyâlê θeiɁ pódé ‘there are plenty of refined little girls too’; tèdè ‘is straight’: tèdé θwâbá ‘go straight  ahead’: tèdèhmá šìdé ‘(it) is straight ahead’; toutté ‘is short and thick’: wàdé  ‘is fat’: hlàdé ‘is pretty’: touttouɁ wàwà Ɂapyóuhlà ‘short, fat, pretty girl’.

. When the members of a doubled verb are the parts of a dissyllabic verb repeated, each syllable is repeated in close juncture with open juncture between the resulting doublings:

θéijádé ‘is precise’: θéiðéi chájá mapyôhnaimbû ‘(I) can not say precisely’; thûzândé ‘is peculiar, strange’: thûdû shânzân loutté ‘(he) acts peculiar’.

. When the members of a doubled verb are a negated verb the juncture is close:

cádé ‘is long (in time)’: macábû ‘is not long (in time)’: cájá manéihnáimbû ‘(I) can not stay long': θúlê couɁ Ɂéiŋgóu macámacá yautté ‘he also comes often to my house'.

. When the members of a doubled verb are two different negated verbs, the juncture is close:

nîdé ‘is near’: wêidé ‘is far’: ywáné manîmawêihmá šîdé ‘(it) is not very far from the village’; ládé ‘comes’: chîndé ‘approaches’: khímbyâdòu malámachîn couttòu dígà bégóumà maθwâbâbû ‘until you come we will not go anywhere from here’.

When the members of a doubled verb are a verb followed by a rhyming syllable, the juncture is close: