Page:Copyright, Its History And Its Law (1912).djvu/359

 Rh laws accord to natives, as well as the rights accorded by the convention, "not subject to any formality" and "independent of the existence of protection in the country of origin," and regulated exclusively according to the legislation of the country where the protection is claimed. The "country of origin" is defined as "for unpublished works, the country which the author belongs; for published works, the country of first publication" and for works published simultaneously in several countries within the Union (as also in countries without the Union), the unionist country granting the shortest term of protection. Published works (œuvres publiées) are again defined as works that have been issued (œuvres éditées). "The representation of a dramatic or dramatico-musical work, the performance of a musical work, the exhibition of a work of art and the construction of a work of architecture do not constitute publication."

Authors of a unionist country first publishing in another country of the Union enjoy (art. 5) in the latter country the same rights as national authors; and authors of a non-unionist country first publishing a work in any unionist country enjoy (art. 6) in that country the same rights as national authors and in the other Union countries the rights accorded by the convention. This article greatly broadens the scope of the convention, and by recognizing without formalities the rights of authors of non-unionist countries, makes it of a world-wide inclusion for works unpublished or first or simultaneously published within a unionist country, to the full extent of domestic protection in each unionist country, whether the country of origin does or does not grant protection, —thus giving to citizens of the United States full protection throughout unionist countries on the sole condition of first or simultaneous publication within one of them.