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 seems however still to be permitted as a result of the law of 1901.

As a result of the reciprocal provisions of the new German law, the President of the United States on December 8, 1910, proclaimed reciprocal relations between Germany and the United States with reference to mechanical reproductions of music. In the opinion of May 6, 1911, approved by the Attorney-General, a Presidential proclamation is required to determine "the existence of reciprocal conditions" as to the mechanical music provision (sec. I, e) as in respect to sec. 8; but as the proclamation of December 8 did not recite that reciprocal conditions existed between September 9 and December 8, 1910, it is held that "it would not afford evidence sufficient to sustain an action for infringement between said dates."

In France the general copyright act of 1793, as considered to cover mechanical music, was interpreted or modified by the act of 1866, which enacted that "the manufacture and sale of instruments serving to reproduce mechanically musical airs which are still in the private domain, does not constitute musical infringement." In the suit of Enoch v. Société des phonographes et gramophones, the Civil Court of the Seine had decided in 1903 that phonographic instruments were excepted from the protection of the law of 1793 by the "general immunities" concerning the mechanical musical instruments in the act of 1866. But in 1905 the Court of Appeals of Paris reversed this decision, holding that the law of 1866 applied solely to musical airs, that is, those involving no words, on the ground that the law of 1793 was enunciatory of the rights of authors, applying to all modes of publication and distribution, and that the word "publication" should be understood broadly "as jurisprudence has applied it to numerous modes of publication