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 and cyclopaedic works, directories, gazetteers, and other compilations "; but our judges have agreed with the English view, Judge Thompson holding, in 1828, in Clayton v. Stone, that a "book" may be printed "only on one sheet," and that " the literary property intended to be protected by the Act is not to be determined by the size, form or shape. . . but by the subject-matter," and Judge Leavitt, in 1862, in Drury v. Ewing, that a diagram for cutting dresses, with directions, printed on a single sheet, being " the product of thought and mental toil," was a "book" within the benefit of the law.

In fact, though all English and American statutes inclusions have been avowedly for "the encouragement of adjudicated learning" and "the progress of science and useful arts," the courts have construed the laws to cover in the widest sense any "useful book." The courts have indeed denied copyright protection only to works having absolutely no literary quality, such as advertisements (unless they contain original literary matter) and advertising cuts, labels, blank books, or blank forms. Even booksellers' and other trade catalogues, having descriptive notes or distinctive arrangement and combination, can be copyrighted. Compilations of existing materials, from common sources, arranged and combined in an original and useful form, receive the same protection as wholly original matter. Drone schedules English or American judicial constructions extending this principle to: (i) general miscellaneous compilations; (2) annotations consisting of common materials; (3) dictionaries; (4) books of chronology; (5) gazetteers; (6) itineraries, road and guide books; (7) directories; (8) maps and charts; (9) calendars; (10) catalogues; (11) mathematical tables; (12) a list of hounds; (13) abstracts of titles to lands; and collections of (14) statistics, (15)