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LEFT ZOSIMUS 504 zua 800 B. c, and may be greatly earlier. See Parsees. ZOSIMUS, a Greek historian; author of a "History of the Roman Emperors" from Augustus to a. d. 410. In this work, which is ably executed, he inveighs bit- terly against the Christian emperors, particularly Constantine and Theodosius I. The best edition of Zosimus is that of Bekker (1837), forming a volume of Niebuhr's "Corpus Scriptorum Historije Byzantinje." An English translation of the history appeared in 1814 (Military Library). ZOUAVE, a soldier belonging to the light infantry corps of the French army, which were organized in Algeria soon after the conquest of that country in 1830, and were originally intended to be composed exclusively of the Kabyle tribe. This idea, however, was soon abandoned, and since 1840 the corps has been com- posed almost entirely of French soldiers, recruited from the veterans of ordinary line regiments, who are distinguished for their fine physique and tried courage. They still, however, retain the picture- sque dress originally adopted, consisting of a loose dark-blue jacket and waist- coat, baggy Turkish trousers, yellow leather leggins, white gaiters, a sky- blue sash, and a red fez with yellow tassel. The few corps composed of Al- gerines still connected with the French army are now known as Turcos. The name was also given to several reg^iments which served on the side of the North in the American Civil War, but these were only distinguished from the other volun- teer regiments by their picturesque uni- form. COUNT NIKLAS ZRINYI ZRINYI, COUNT NIKLAS, a Hun- garian military officer; became famous for his defense of Sziget with 3,000 men against a Turkish army in August- Sep- tember, 1566. While the enemy was forcing a narrow bridge leading to the castle on September 7, he ordered the gates to be opened and after firing a mortar filled with broken iron into their midst sallied forth at the head of 600 men. He was soon mortally shot, and several thousand Turks swai'med into the castle, where a mine of 3,000 pounds of gunpowder exploded immediately after their entrance, causing great carnage. ZSCHOKKE (tshok'ka), JOHANN HEINRICH DANIEL, a German author; born in Magdeburg, Germany, March 22, 1771. He was educated at the Univer- sity of Frankfort-on-the-Oder, and sett- led in Switzerland, in which country he held an honored position in connection with education and public affairs, and with the press. His autobiography, several of his tales, and the "Hours of Devotion," have been translated into English. He died in 1848. ZUEBLIN, CHARLES, an American educator and publicist; bom in Pendle- ton, Ind., in 1866. He was educated at the University of Pennsylvania, North- western University, Yale, and the University of Leipzig. In 1891 he founded the Northwestern University Settlement. In 1892 he became the first secretary of the Chicago Society for University Extension. From 1892 to 1895 he was instructor; from 1895 to 1896 assistant professor; from 1896 to 1902 associate professor; and from 1902 to 1908 full professor of sociology at the University of Chicago. In 1911-1912 he was editor of the "20th Century Maga- zine." He lectured extensively and con- tributed frequently to philosophical and sociological journals, and to many of the most prominent magazines and reviews. From 1901 to 1902 he was president of the American League for Civic Improve- ment. He wrote: "American Munici- pal Progress" (1902) ; "A Decade of Civic Development" (1905) ; "The Religion of the Democrat" (1908) ; "Democracy and the Over-man" (1911). ZUG (tsog), a central and the smallest undivided canton of Switzerland, bound- ed by Zurich, Schwyz, Lucerne, and Aargau. The surface, which is gener^ ally mountainous in the S. E. and S., where the Rossberg occupies the fron- tier slopes more or less gradually N. and W., till it becomes comparatively flat. The only lakes deserving the name are those of Zug and Egeri. The climate, rigorous in the mountainous districts, is mild on the lower S. slopes. The chief exports are cattle, fruits, cider, and "kirschwasser." Area, 92 square miles; pop. about 25,000. ZuG, the capital,