Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 10.djvu/528

LEFT WU TING-FANG 458 WYCLIF Julius hospital and school of medicine, and the royal palace (1720-1744). The manufactures before the World War were varied in character. Pop. about 90,000. WU TING-FANG, a Chinese diplo- matist; born in Hsin-hui, district of Kwangtung, China; studied Chinese lit- erature and classics together with Eng- lish in Canton, and took a law course in England in 1874-1877. On his return to China he directed the construction of the first railroad in his native land; was the first secretary of the Chinese commission to negotiate with Japan in 1895; and was afterward a plenipotentiary to ratify the treaty. He was appointed en- voy extraordinary and minister plenipo- tentiary to the United States, Peru, and Spain in May, 1897. While residing in Washington he became very popular. In 1900 the degree of LL. D. was conferred on him by the University of Pennsyl- vania. He was the author of numerous articles on China in American maga- zines. He took a prominent part in the revolution which overthrew the Man- chu dynasty, and was active in the politi- cal movements of the following years. WYANDOTTE, a city of Michigan, in Wayne co., on the Detroit river and on the Michigan Southern, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, the Grand Trunk, and the Detroit, Toledo and Ironton railroads. It is an important industrial center and has manufactures of chemicals, salt, iron, steel ships, trunks, lumber, gasoline engines, automo- biles, etc. There are a public library and a hospital. Pop. (1910) 8,287; (1920) 13,851. WYATT, SIR THOMAS, an English courtier and poet; born in Allington Castle, Kent, England, in 1503; son of Sir Henry Wyatt, who stood high in favor with Henry VII., and later with his son. In 1515 he was entered at St. John's^ College, Cambridge, where he took his degrees of Bachelor and Master of Arts. He was warmly received at court, for he was one of the most ac- complished men of his day, of a noble presence and fine manners, dexterous ind subtle in the management of affairs, /et of spotless honor and integrity. In 1536 he was knighted, and the next year he was made high sheriff of Kent. He contrived to retain the hazardous favor of the king, and was frequently employed by him in positions of trust, as in mis- sions to Spain, to the imperial court. In 1541 he was rewarded with a grant of lands at Lambeth, and the year after he was named high steward of the king's manor at Maidstone. He had now very much withdrawn himself from public life, and lived for the most part retired at Allington. Among the other accom- plishments of Wyatt was that of verse, which he seems to have begun to cultivate early, and continued through life to practice. During his life he had acquired considerable reputation as a poet; and in 1557 his poems, with those of Surrey, were published in "TottePs Miscellany" (ed. by Arber, 1870). As marking a stage in the progress of early English literature they hold a permanent place. He died in Sherborne, Oct. 11, 1542. WYATT, SIR THOMAS, surnamed The Younger (to distinguish him from the preceding, of whom he was the only son), an English soldier; born about 1520. After a wild and riotous youth, he raised a body of men at his ov/n ex- pense, and did good service at the siege of Landrecies (1544), displaying con- siderable military talent; and he contin- ued in honorable service on the Con- tinent till 1550. In 1554, when the Spanish match was in agitation, Wyatt, in co-operation with Lady Jane Grey's father, led the Kentish men to South- wark, after gaining considerable suc- cesses over the royalists; but failing to capture Ludgate, he became separated from the main body of his followers, was taken prisoner, and soon after executed in London, April 11, 1554. WYCLIF, WICKLIFFE, or WICLIF (the name is spelled in several ways), JOHN, an English reformer; born in the village of Ispreswel (later Hipswell), Yorkshire, England, between 1315 and 1320, the year 1324 assigned by Lewis and accepted by several subsequent biographers being too late to tally with other facts in his life. Of his childhood and youth no account has been preserved. He probably went to Oxford when a mere lad, and he certainly had a re- markable university career; but all de- tails are wanting till 1356, when we find him (if there is not a confusion with another John Wyclif ) seneschal of Mer- ton College. In 1361 he was master or warden of Balliol, and though in May of the same year he was appointed rector of Fillingham in Lincoln, the university continued for a long time the main seat of his activity. About four years later, Simon Islip, Archbishop of Canterbury, appointed him (if this be not again the other Wyclif) warden of the new founda- tion of Canterbury Hall, but after Islip's death he was expelled by the monkish members, whose action was sanctioned by papal bull in 1370 and confirmed by royal decree in 1372. Meanwhile he had become Professor ({. e., doctor) of Theology. Lehler thinks