Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 10.djvu/408

LEFT WHEAT 348 WHEATLEY ford, and delivered eight lectures "On the Use and Abuse of Party Feeling in Matters of Religion." He held the living of Halesworth in Suffolk in 1822-1825, and was then appointed principal of St. Alban's Hall, Oxford. In the latter year he published "Essays on Some of the Peculiarities of the Christian Religion." A second series of essays "On Some Difficulties in the Writings of St. Paul and Other Parts of the New Testament," came out in 1828; and a thii*d series, "The Errors of Romanism traced to their Origin in Human Nature," in 1830. In 1827 was published "The Elements of Logic," and the scarcely less popular "Elements of Rhetoric" in 1828. Both of these works were written originally for the "Encyclopaedia Metropolitana." He occupied the chair of political economy at Oxford in 1830-1831, and afterward published "Introductory Lectures on Political Economy." Appointed Arch- bishop of Dublin, 1831. Died Oct., 1863. WHEAT, the most valuable and, next to maize or Indian corn, the most produc- tive of all the cereal grasses. The genus 'Triticum of which the species are popu- larly known either as wheat or wheat grass, are distinguished by a spike with many-flowered spikelets without stalks, and seated one on each notch of the rachis, their sides directed to the rachis, which is zigzag, and two glumes, of which the lower is either awned or awnless; the outer palea of each floret having at the top a notch, in the center of which is the tenninal point, some- times prolonged into an awn, or in some species with many florets tapering into an awn without a notch. The native country of the cultivated wheat has gen- erally been supposed to be the central part of Asia; but the ^gilops ovata, a grass of the regions near the Mediterra- nean, and of western Asia, becomes transformed by cultivation into wheat and may be regarded as the original form. Common wheat (T. vulgar e, aesti- vmn, or sativtnn) grows to a height gen- erally of three or four feet, and has ears or spikes generally three or four inches in length; the spike four-cornered, the spikelets about four-flowered. Be- sides being classified as bearded and beardless the varieties in cultivation are distinguished according to the color of the grain, as white and red wheats. Some having the ears covered with a short soft down are known as woolly wheats. Innumerable varieties exist. Many parts of the United States and British provinces and wide regions of South America are admirably adapted to its cultivation. The value* of wheat depends mainly on the quantity of fine flour which it yields; the best wheat yielding 76 to 80 per cent., sometimes even 86 per cent., of fine flour. The greater part of the husk of wheat is separated from the flour by the miller, and is known as bran. That portion of the bran which is more finely divided than the rest receives the name of sharps or pollards. The following table shows the acreage, production, and value of the wheat crop in the United States in the calendar year 1920: State. Maine Vermont New York. . . . New Jersey. . . Pennsylvania. Delaware Maryland Virginia West Virginia. . North Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia Ohio , Indiana Illinois Michigan. , Wisconsin. Minnesota. Iowa Missouri. . North Dakota. South Dakota. Nebraska. . . . Kansas Kentucky. . . . Tennessee. Alabama. ., Mississippi. Texas Oklahoma. , Arkansas. Montana. , Wyoming. Colorado. New Mexico. Arizona .... Utah Nevada. . . ., Idaho Acreage' Washington. Oregon California. . United States. 7 11 500 95 1,524 120 670 914 340 724 160 211 2,259 1,960 2,650 938 341 3,001 831 2.617 7,600 2,886 3,593 8,903 550 424 68 10 1,225 2,890 126 1,750 254 1.240 330 36 280 18 1,050 2,329 1.107 650 Production Bushels 57,192 159 209 10,998 1,520 25,284 2,040 11,390 11.425 4,250 8,471 1.760 2,110 28,698 23,540 40.670 14,275 5,152 29,116 13,011 32.721 68,400 26.282 60.480 137,0'56 5,610 4,0-28 C5a 100 15,925 46,240 1,197 19,850 5.080 22,821 6.375 864 5,366 420 23,600 37,982 22,900 9.100 787.128 Total Farm Value* $366 418 19,247 3,116 42.983 3,488 18.794 20,565 8.075 17.789 4.488 5,064 47,352 39,312 65,479 23.982 7.934 37.851 18,074 52.354 88,920 30,224 79.229 178.173 10.715 7.855 1.502 213 27,391 62,424 2,274 25,408 6.858 30,808 8,925 2.264 8,210 756 29.500 51,276 29,770 16.380 1,135,806 WHEATLEY, HENEY BENJAMIN, an English philologist; born in Chelsea, London, England, May 2, 1838. He was an official of various London literary and other societies. Besides editing a num- ber of works, he wrote: "Anagi'ams" (1862) ; "Round About Piccadillv and Pall Mall" (1870) ; "Samuel Pepys and
 * 000 omitted.