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LEFT WAR TB'ADE BOABD 297 WARWICK Camden Professor of History in 1785; and he succeeded Whitehead as poet- laureate in the same year. Several church livings were also held by him. He rendered great service to literature by his "History of English Poetry" (1774- 1781, three vols.), a work never com- pleted. He died in Oxford, May 21, 1790. His brother, Joseph (1722-1800), also deserves mention as a literary critic, and as headmaster of Winchester School (1766-1796). To him we owe an essay on the "Writings and Genius of Pope." WAR TRADE BOARD, a body es- tablished by executive order Oct. 12, 1917, under the Trading with the Enemy Act. It was a development of the Ex- ports Administration Board and of the division of export licenses of the De- partment of Commerce, which had dealt with exports only. The new body dealt with exports and imports and performed other duties under the Trading with the Enemy Act. Its chairman represented the secretary of state, and other mem- bers represented the Departments of the Treasury, Agriculture and Commerce, the Food Administration and Shipping Board. It grew in importance and soon had 2,300 people in its employment. It was represented by numerous branches in American ports and in neutral and allied countries. It had a contraband committee, with numerous bureaus, as well as bureaus or committees dealing with exports, branches and customs, im- ports, transportation, enemy trade, war trade intelligence, research, tabulation and statistics, and foreign agencies. Commodities in foreign trade were sub- jected to licensed control by the board. The board was enabled to use its powers to negotiate with other countries for the exchange for exports for shipping facili- ties. Agreements were entered into with European neutrals in regard to food, raw materials, and manufactured goods. In such cases guarantees were to be given against re-export to enemy countries. Under such agreements shipments of food, fodder, chemicals and the like were permitted to go to Norway, Holland, Switzerland and other neutral countries. There was also a certain amount of su- pervision exercised over traffic by rail and water, and to prevent overcrowding in the Atlantic ports licenses to export were established. It continued to func- tion after the cessation of hostilities, and upon the signing of the armistice it removed by degrees commodities from the Export Conservation List and in- creased the commodities on the Free List. It sought on the arrival of peace to stimulate the resumption of normal trade relations, a policy that was being put into effect in all the belligerent countries. In May, 1919, the powers and duties of the board together with its personnel and records were transferred to the Department of State. Licenses continued to be valid with certain re- strictions dealing with the importation and exportation of wheat, powers in re- gard to which had been transferred to the United States Wheat Dii'ector. WARWICK ("the fortified place"), the county-town of Warwickshire, Eng- land, 107% miles N. W. of London; chiefly situated on the S. shore of the Avon. On the opposite bank, crowning a solid rock, stands Warwick Castle, rear- ing its towers, Caesar's (147 feet) and Guy's (128 feet), above the cedars of the surrounding park and storing with- in its state apartments rich tapestries, pictures by Rembrandt, Van Dyck, and Rubens, collections of armor and other rarities, among them the famous ""War- wick vase." St, Mary's Church, mainly rebuilt in 1704, retains its old Perpen- dicular choir and Beauchamp chapel (1370-1391), with the tombs of four cen- turies of Warwick's earls; over the E. gate is an ancient chapel, till recently used as a free school; and Leicester's Hospital, founded for 12 brethren in 1571, is a quaint quadrangular building, with a Gothic chapel surmounting the Warwick Gate, a mighty kitchen, and vaulted hall, profusely adorned with its founder's cognizance, the Bear and Ragged Staff. The town itself, having suffered much from fire, is generally mod- ern, among the prominent buildings being a Roman Catholic Church, the county hall and courts, a domed market house, the county jail, a theater, and antiqua- rian museum. Iron founding, brewing, and brickmaking are carried on, but agricultural produce forms the staple of the trade of Warwick. Pop. about 15,000. Traditionally connected with King Cym- beline, its reputed founder in A. D. 1, and with Guy of Warwick, the vanquisher of the giant Colbrand, Warwick figures in "Domesday" with 261 houses, having earlier been sacked by Danes, but re- stored by Ethelfleda, Alfred's daughter, in 914. William of Newburgh, a fol- lower of the Conqueror, replaced her fortress by the castle, which Stephen surrendered to Prince Henry (1153), which was Edward IV.'s prison (1469), and which has been visited by many of England's kings. See Hawthorne's "Our Old Home." WARWICK, a town of Rhode Island, which includes several villages in Kent CO. It is on Narragansett and Cowesett bays, the Pawtuxet and Providence rivers, and on the New York, New Ha-