Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 10.djvu/34

LEFT TRUE 18 TRUMBULL State agricultural colleges. At various times he was on the faculties of several universities and agricultural colleges. He was the author of monographs on agiiciiltural experiment stations in the United States and agricultural educa- tion. TRUE, CHARLES KITTRIDGE, an American educator; born in Portland, Me., Aug. 14, 1809. He was pastor of various Methodist churches, and subse- quently Professor of Intellectual Philos- ophy at Wesleyan University (1849- 1860). He was the author of "Elements of Logic" (1840); "Shawmut; or, The Settlement of Boston" (1845) ; "John Winthrop" (1875) ; "Sir Walter Raleigh" (1?^78) ; "Life and Times of John Knox" (1878) ; "Memoirs of John Howard" (1878); "The Thirty Years' War" (1879); "Heroes of Holland" (1882). He died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Jan. 20, 1878. TRUE, FREDERICK WILLIAM, an American biologist; born in Middletown, Conn., July 8, 1858; was graduated at New York University in 1878 (LL. D., 1897) ; became connected with the gov- ernment service in 1878; and was ap- pointed expert special agent on fisheries for the 10th census, 1879. He next served as custodian of the collections of the United States Fish Commission at the Berlin Fisheries Exhibition in 1880, He was curator of the department of mam- malia at the United States Museum in 1883-1892, and was executive curator in 1892-1897, In the latter year he was made head curator of the Department of Biology at the United States National Museum. During the exposition in Nashville in 1897, Omaha in 1898, and Buffalo in 1901, he was the representa- tive of Smithsonian Institution. He was the author of "Review of the Family of Dephinidse"; etc. He died in 1914. TRUFFLE, a genus of fungi of the order Tuheracei, division Ascomycetes', globose, or nearly so; of a fleshy sub- stance, with a distinct skin, the whole substance pervaded by a network of ser- pentine veins, which are the hymenium, and bear the spore-cases in minute cavi- ties. The species are not numerous ; they are very generally diffused in temperate parts of the world; they are subterra- nean, often found at the depth of a foot or more in the soil, usually near the roots of trees, or rarely living on the surface. Some of them are among the most highly valued or esculent fungi. They are said to have a stimulating aphrodisiacal quality. The common truffle {T. sesti- vum) is of a black color, and has a warty surface. It is the principal spe- cies sold in the English markets. It varies in size from that of a large plum to that of a large potato. On account of its agreeable flavor, it is used in the preparation of many dishes. It is com- mon in central and southern Europe, chiefly in loose soils, in woods and pas- tures, as in the chestnut woods of France and Italy. TRUJILLO, (tro-hel'yo), (1) a town of Spain, the birthplace and burial place of Pizarro, in Caceres province, 60 miles N. E, of Badajoz. It is built partly on a granite crag, and manufactures linen, leather, and pottery. Pop. about 12,000o (2) An episcopal city of Peru, capital of the department of Libertad, on a fertile plain near the sea-coast. It was founded by Pizarro in 1535, has walls that were raised in 1686 to keep out the filibusters, and contains a college, a theological semi- nary, and high school. Its ports are Huanchaco and Salaverry. Pop, about 15,000, (3) A port of Honduras, on the N. coast (bananas, hides, mahogany, rubber, and cattle). The town dates from 1524, Pop. about 2,500. TRUMBULL, HENRY CLAY, an American editor; born in Stonington, Conn., June 8, 1881. He was army chap- lain, 1862-1865; afterward secretary of the American Sunday-School Union, 1865- 1872; and after 1875 editor of the "Sun- day-School Times." He published many books, including "Army Sermons" (1864) ; "The Knightly Soldier'* (1865) ; "A Useful Life," etc. (1866) ; "The Cap- tured Scout" (1869); "Children in the Temple" (1869) ; "A Model Superintend- ent" (1880); "Kadesh-Bamea" (1884); "Teaching and Teachers" (1884) ; "The Blood Covenant" (1885) ; "Yale Lectures on the Sunday-School" (1888) ; "Hints on Child Training" (1890) ; "Friendship the Master Passion" (1891) ; "Studies in Oriental Social Life" (1894) ; "War Memories" (1898) ; "The Covenant of Salt" (1899); "Answers to Prayer" (1900) ; etc. He died in 1903. TRUMBULL, JOHN, an American poet and lawyer; born in Waterbury, Conn., April 24, 1750, He wrote, with Timothy Dwight, a series of essays in the "Spectator" style, which first drew attention to his ability. In "The Prog- ress of Dullness" (1772-1773) he satir- ized contemporary methods of education ; but he won his greatest fame with "Mc- Fingal" (1775-1782), a satire on _ the loyalists of the Revolution time, written in Hudibrastic verse. Thirty pirated edi- tions are said to have been sold; and some of its lines are still "familiar quota- tions" popularly credited to "Hudibras,"