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LEFT TISSUE 414 TITHE veloped from the same embryonal ele- ment, serving more or less as framework or connecting substance for nervous, mus- cular, glandular, and vascular tissues. In the embryo and in the growing condition one may be changed into the other, and in the adult they gradually shade off one into the other. These tissues are divided into three groups: The epidermal, which covers the exterior of the plant, and usu- ally consists of a single layer of cells; (2) the fibro-vascular, which traverses the body of the plant in the form of bundles, and is characterized by the pres- ence of tubes and vessels, and of long, pointed, prosenchymatous cells — the wood fibers; (3) the fundamental tissue, which fills up the rest of the space, and con- sists principally of parenchyma. TISZA, KOLOMAN BOBOSJENO VON, a Hungarian statesman; born in Geszt, Hungary, Dec. 16, 1830; was edu- cated for the civil service; devoted much time to travel; was elected to the Hun- garian Parliament in 1860; and later became leader of the Moderate Radicals, which party he united with the Liberals in 1875, He was appointed Minister of the Interior in the same year and prime minister in 1876. In 1876-1878 he op- posed the policy of Russia and Pan- Slavism, and resigned with his cabinet when the financial condition of the Aus- trian government was found to be in- sufficient to meet the expense of the Bosnian occupation. Subsequently, how- ever, he resumed this office and held it till 1890, when he resigned. He died in Budapest, Hungary, March 23, 1902. TISZA, STEPHAN, COUNT, Hun- garian statesman, born in Budapest, in COUNT STEPHAN TISZA 1861; died in 1918, at the hand of an assassin. After finishing his studies in Berlin and Heidelberg and Vienna he was given a post in the Ministry of the Interior, in 1882. He was a strong sup- porter of the union with Austria and on the strength of this policy became Pre- mier and Minister of the Interior in 1903-1906. In 1913 he again became Pre- mier, and was believed to be one of the most influential figures in precipitating the World War. His Cabinet was com- pelled to resign in 1917, its war poli- cies having by that time become dis- credited. TITANIUM, a very rare metallic ele- ment, discovered by Gregor in 1789. Symbol Ti; at. wt. 50. It is never found in the metallic state, but may be ob- tained by heating the double fluoride of potassium and titanium with potassium in a covered crucible, or by mixing ti- tanic oxide with one-sixth of its weight of charcoal and exposing to the strongest heat of an air furnace. It is a dark- ^reen, heavy, amorphous powder, hav- ing under the microscope the color and luster of iron. It dissolves in warm hy- drochloric acid, with evolution of hydro- gen, and, when heated in the air, burns with great splendor. Like tin, it forms two classes of compounds — the titanic, in which it is quadrivalent, and the titan- ous, in which it is trivalent. The spec- troscope shows that there is titanium in the sun. TITANS, in Greek mythology, were six sons and six daughters of Uranos and Gaia, named Okeanos, Koios, Kreios, Hyperion, lapetos, and Kronos; Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosnyne, Phoibe, and Tethys. Uranos having banished to Tar- tarus the Hekatoncheires ("the hundred- handed") and the Cyclopes, Gaia called the Titans to avenge their brothers. They rose and freed them, deposed Uranos, and set Kronos in his place. Kronos and the Titans were in their turns put down by the sons of Kronos and Rhea, named the Olympioi, with Zeus at their head, but not till after a long struggle, in which Zeus brought to his aid the Cyclopes and Hekatoncheires, whom Kronos had again imprisoned in Tartarus. Zeus quelled the Titans with the lightning given him by the Cyclopes, hurled them to Tar- tarus, placing them under the care of the Hekatoncheires. This struggle, called the Titanomachia, was regarded as sym- bolic of the conflict of reason and order with the rude forces of nature. TITHE, etymologically a 10th, his- torically a 10th part of the titheable produce of the land paid to the clergy.