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LEFT TINDAL 409 TINTOBETTO 11. bearing on Jewish history in the ordinary rationalistic manner; but he does not ex- plicitly deny the truth of the Christian revelation. Of Tindal's other works the following are the most imp* ttant: "Four Discourses of Obedience to t;;e Supreme Powers" (1694) ; "Rights of the Chris- tian Church Asserted" (1706) ; "New High Church Turned Old Presbyterian" (1709); "A High Church Catechism" (1710). He died in Oxford, Aug. 16, 1733. TINDALE, WILLIAM. See Tyndale. TINDER, any substance artificially rendered readily ignitable but not inflam- mable. Before the invention of chemi- cal matches it was the chief means of procuring fire. The tinder, ignited by a spark from a flint, was brought into con- tact with matches dipped in sulphur. Tinder may be made of half-burnt linen, and of various other substances, such as amadou, touchwood, or German tinder. T I N G L E Y, KATHERINE (nee Westcott), an American theosophist; born at Newburyport, Mass., in 1852. She founded the Universal Brotherhood, a theosophical organization, and as head of it gained recognition as the successor of Madame Blavatsky. She toured many countries preaching theosophy in 1897 and 1904. The headquarters of the Brotherhood, formerly at New York, were removed to Point Loma, Cal., where she established an orphanage, a Raja Yoga Academy, and a School of An- tiquity. She edited the "Century Path" and wrote: "The Mysteries of the Heart Doctrine"; "A Nosegay of Everlastings"; "Theosophy and Some of the Vital Problems of the Day." TINKER, CHAUNCEY BREWSTER, an American college professor; born in Auburn, Me., 1876. He graduated from Yale in 1899 and became associate in- structor in English at Bryn Mawr in 1902; instructor in English in 1903; as- sistant professor in 1908; then professor of English literature at Yale in 1913. Among his works are: "A Critical Bibli- ography of the Translations of Beo- wulf" (1903) ; "Selections from Ruskin" (1908); "Dr. Johnson and Fanny Bur- ney" (1911); "The Salon and English Letters" (1915). During 1918-1919 he was captain h. the Military Intelligence Division of the general staff, United States Army. TINO, or TENDS, an island of Greece, in the nomarchy of the Cylcades; immediately S. E. of Andros; area, 81 square miles. It is 18 miles long by 8 broad, and is traversed by high moun- tains, the terraced slopes of which yield wine, wheat, melons, figs, etc. Marble, in block or wrought into various kinds of vessels and ornaments, and silk, raw or made into gloves and stockings, are the chief exports. The chief tovm, Tino, on the S. coast, is the seat of a Roman Cath- olic bishop, has two Roman churches, and a small harbor. To the N. of it is the white marble church of Penagia Evan- gelistria, a famous resort of pilgrims. TINTAGEL (-ta'jel) HEAD, a cliff 300 feet high on the W. coast of Corn- wall, about 22 miles W. of Launceston, and but 6 miles from Camelford — the Camelot of Arthurian legend. Partly on the mainland and partly on the so-called island, almost cut off by a deep chasm from the rest of the promontory, stand the imposing ruins of the castle where King Arthur held his court. His spirit still hovers around the scene of his splen- dor in the form of the red-legged chuugh, a beautiful Cornish bird already rare in Leland's time. The oldest part of the existing ruins is the keep, apparently of a Norman construction, but there need hardly be a doubt that a Saxon, and per- haps earlier a British stronghold, occu- pied the same site. The castle was still habitable in 1360, when we read of its being provisioned. TINTERN ABBEY, i famous abbey in Monmouthshire, England, on the right bank of the Wye river; 5 miles to the N. of Chepstow; was founded for Cistercian monks in 1131 by Walter, second son of Richard Fitz-Gilbert de Clare. Rebuilt by Roger de Bigod (1269-1288), it is an excellent example of the Transition style from Early English to Decorated, the most striking features of its cruciform church (228 by 150 feet) being the cen- tral belfry arches, and four great win- dows with their lace-like tracery. The dismantling of the abbey followed close on the dissolution (1337), when the ruins were granted to the ancestor of the Dukes of Beaufort. TINTORETTO II., a Venetian painter; real name Jacopo Robusti; re- ceived his well-known surname from the fact of his father being a dyer (Tin- tore) ; born in Venice in 1512. He studied for a few days under Titian, but soon deserted the studio of the master for some unknown reason, and subsequently became a devoted student of antique sculpture, of anatomy, and of the works of Michael Angelo. On the walls of his studio he inscribed the ambitious motto, "II disegno di Michelangelo ed il colori di Tiziano" and such was the ardor and rapidity of his labor, reflected in the in-