Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 09.djvu/347

TENERIFE, PEAK OF is white. There is an ice cave at an altitude of 11,000 feet. The peak can be seen more than 100 miles off. In 1795 and 1798 there was volcanic activity here.  TENIERS, DAVID, the name of two celebrated Dutch artists of the Flemish school, father and son, both natives of Antwerp, Holland, in which city the elder was born in 1582. Having studied under Rubens, he spent six years in Rome. On his return he occupied himself principally in the delineation of fairs, rustic sports, and drinking parties, which he exhibited with such truth, humor, and originality, that he may be considered the founder of a style of painting which his son afterward brought to perfection. His pictures are mostly small. He died in Antwerp, July 29, 1649. His son, born in Antwerp, Dec. 15, 1610, was taught painting by his father, whom he excelled in correctness and finish. He became highly popular, was appointed court painter to the Archduke Leopold William, governor of the Netherlands, and gave lessons in painting to Don John of Austria. He specially excelled in outdoor scenes, though many of his interiors are masterpieces of color and composition. His general subjects were fairs, markets, merry-makings, guard rooms, taverns, etc., and his pictures, which number over 700, are found in all the important public and private galleries of Europe. His etchings are also highly esteemed. He died in Brussels, Belgium, April 25, 1690.

 TENISON, THOMAS, an English clergyman; born in Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, Sept. 29, 1636, studied at Corpus Christi in Cambridge, and after holding several cures was made Bishop of Lincoln by William III. in 1691, and primate of all England three years later. He was a favorite at court, held many important state offices, and attended Mary and William on their death beds. He crowned Queen Anne and George I., being a strong supporter of the Hanoverian succession, and died Dec. 14, 1715.  TENNANT, WILLIAM, a Scotch poet; born in Anstruther, Fifeshire, May 15, 1784, studied for some time at the University of St. Andrews, was for several years a clerk, devoted himself then to teaching, and, being a good Oriental linguist, was in 1835 appointed to the chair of Oriental languages in St. Mary's College, St. Andrews. His chief production is “Anster Fair,” a humorous poem of Scottish life in the same stanza as Byron's “Don Juan,” which it preceded, being published in 1812. Besides “Anster Fair,” Tennant was the author of several other poems and some dramas. None of them, however, attained any success. Grammars of the Syriac and Chaldee tongues were also published by him. He died near Dollar, Scotland, Feb. 15, 1848.  TENNESSEE, a State in the South Atlantic Division of the North American Union; bounded by Kentucky, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Missouri; admitted to the Union, June 1, 1796; capital, Nashville; number of counties, 96; area, 42,050 square miles; pop. (1890) 1,767,518; (1900) 2,020,616; (1910) 2,184,789; (1920) 2,337,885.

Topography.—Topographically Tennessee is divided into three sections, east Tennessee, an extensive valley, and agriculturally one of the most important sections of the State, stretches from the E. boundary to the middle of the Cumberland tableland, which has an average elevation of 2,000 feet above the sea, and abounds in coal, iron, and other minerals. Middle Tennessee extends from the dividing line on the tableland to the lower Tennessee river; and west Tennessee from the Tennessee river to the Mississippi. The Unaka mountains, a part of the Appalachian chain, run along the E. boundary, and have an average elevation of 5,000 feet above the sea. The Mississippi, with the Tennessee and the Cumberland, drains three-fourths of the State. The two latter are navigable for a considerable distance, and other rivers with numerous tributaries supply valuable water power.

Geology.—The geological formations are varied. The Unaka range, the valley of east Tennessee and the Central basin are almost entirely occupied by Lower Silurian deposits, and the tableland of the Cumberland, by the Carboniferous. The W. portion of the State is mostly