Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 09.djvu/223

LEFT SUSSEX 181 SUTRO gypsum beds near Netherfield, large railway works at Brighton, and impor- tant fisheries in many of the coast towns. Capital, Chichester. SUTHERLAND, a county of north Scotland. Area, 2,028 sq. miles; pop. about 20,000. The majority of the in- habitants speak Gaelic. The county has a coast line of some 60 miles with rugged shores in the northwest and flat shores in the east. Although extensive moors are to be found throughout the county and although the southern and central portions are mountainous, the eastern parts are very fertile. The principal elevations are Ben More (3,273 ft.) and Ben Clibrigg (3,154 ft.) ; the chief rivers are the Oikel and the Shin. Coal, marble, limestone, granite, etc., are found and there are important salmon and herring fisheries. Capital, Dornoch. STJTLEJ, one of the five rivers of the Punjab, in northwestern India; identified both with the Zaradras and the Hypanis of the Greeks. It rises in the lake of Manasarowar, amid the Central Hima- layas, nearly 20,000 feet above the sea- level, and first flows N. W. for about 200 miles through stupendous mountain gorges; it is then joined by the Spiti, a tributary larger than the main stream, and turns S. E. In this part it is occa- sionally crossed by suspension bridges of rope and iron. Passing Rampur and Bilaspur, it enters the plains of the Pun- jab at Rupar, where it is 30 feet deep and more than 500 yards wide in the rainy season. It receives the Beas a little above Sobraon, after a total course of 550 miles. Thenceforth the united stream is known as the Gharra, taking the new name of the Punjab after its junction with the Chenaub, up to the point where it finally empties itself in- to the Indus opposite Mithankot. The principal town on its bank is Ferozepur. Its waters are largely used for irriga- tion. It is celebrated in history as form- ing the E. frontier of the Punjab, within v/hich Runjeet Sing was confined. The crossing of the Sutlej after his death by the Sikh army occasioned the first Sikh War of 1843, and on its banks many bloody battles were fought. The Upper Sutlej canals have a total length of 213 miles, and irrigate 135,439 acres in the district of Lahore and Montgomery. The Lower Sutlej and Chenaub canals, in the Multan district, are 632 miles long, and water 242,504 acres. SUTLER, a person who follows an army and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, or the like. The sutlers attached to regiments in the French army are called vivandiers. SUTRO, ADOLPH HEINRICH JOSEPH, an American mining engineer; born in Aix-la-Chapelle, Prussia, April 29, 1830; came to the United States in 1850 and settled in San Francisco, Cal. There he engaged in business till 1860, when he conceived the plan of the great "Sutro tunnel," as a means of develop- ing the Comstock mine in Nevada. He interested capitalists in the project and work was begun on the tunnel in 1869. His contract with the mine-owners called for $2.00 royalty on every ton of ore taken from the mines. When the work was completed in 1879 he sold out his interest in the tunnel ; went to San Fran- cisco, invested in real estate, and soon became one of the wealthiest men on the Pacific slope. He was a donor of large sums of money to public institutions; founder of the Sutro Library, of San Francisco, and mayor of that city in 1894. After his death there, Aug. 8, 1898, his will, in which he bequeathed nearly his whole fortune to the city, was contested and broken. SUTRO, ALFRED, a British dramatist, born in 1863. He was educated in the City of London School and at Brussels, and afterward devoted himself to the writing of plays and other forms of lit- erature. His works include: "The Cave of Illusion," a play in four acts ; "Women ALFRED SUTRO in Love, Eight Studies in Sentiment"; "The Foolish Virgins"; "Five Little Plays"; "Freedom," a play in three acts; Maeterlinck's "Wisdom and Destiny," "Life of the Bee," etc. (translations) ; "Arethusa"; "A Marriage Has Been Ar- ranged"; "The Walls of Jericho"; "The Perfect Lover"; "The Fascinating Mr. Vanderveldt"; "John Glayde's Honor"; "The Barrier"; "The Builder of