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LEFT RIPON 59 BITSCHL odicals, the following books: "Financial History of Virginia" (1890) ; "The Races of Europe" (1900); "Trusts, Pools and Corporations" (1905) ; "Railway Prob- lems" (1907); "Railroads: Rates and Regulation" (1912); "Railroads — Fi- nance and Organization" (1914) ; "Spe- cial Report U. S. Eight-Hour Commission on Trainmen's Schedules and Agree- ments" (1917). He also edited "Selec- tions and Documents in Economics," in 10 volumes. RIPON, a city in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, 22 miles N. W. of York. It is the seat of a bishopric, with notable cathedral and other ecclesiastical buildings. The market-place has a high obelisk and there is an Hiberno-Saxon crypt dating from the missionary period of the 7th century. The industries in- clude iron founding, machine making and malting. The Irish missionaries in Northumbria established there one of the earliest monastic establishments in Eng- land, organized in 678 into a see. Pop. about 8,500. RIPON, GEORGE FREDERICK SAMUEL ROBINSON, FIRST MAR- QUIS OF, a British statesman and ad- ministrator, born in 1827. He was the son of the first Earl of Ripon. He served in several diplomatic missions, but later became actively interested in the Chris- tian Socialist movement. From 1853 to 1867 he was a Liberal member of the House of Commons for Huddersfield, and from 1857 to 1859, from West York- shire. In the latter year he entered the House of Lords, becoming Undersecre- tary for War. He was also successively Secretary for India, Secretary for War and Privy Councilor, and Secretary of State for India. He served as chairman of the joint high commission on the Al- abama Claims in 1871. In 1873 he re- signed his position in the cabinet and in the following year joined the Roman Catholic Church. For the six years fol- lowing he was engaged chiefly in relig- ious work. In 1880 he was appointed by Gladstone Governor-General of India. In his administration he introduced many reforms, chiefly relating to added politi- cal freedom of the governed peoples. He was First Lord of the Admiralty in 1886, Colonial Secretary in 1892, and Lord Privy Seal from 1905 to 1908. He died in 1909. He was made a Marquis in 1871. RIPON COLLEGE, a co-educational institution for higher education, founded in 1851, at Ripon, Wis. It was origi- nally called Brockway College and its present name was assumed in 1863. In 1919 there were 250 students and 21 in- structors. President, H. C. Culbertson, LL.D. RISTORI, ADELAIDE, an Italian actress; born in Cividale, Italy, Jan. 29, 1822. At a very early age she played in comedy, but afterward appeared in tragedy. She married the Marquis Ca- pranica del Grillo in 1846, and afterward played in all the chief European capitals and in the United States. She took her farewell of the English stage in Man- chester, Nov. 8, 1873. Among her chief characters were Medea, Francesca da Rimini, Marie Antoinette, Mary Stuart, and Lady Macbeth. In 1884 she visited the United States for the last time. She died Oct. 9, 1906. RITA (MRS. W. DESMOND HUMPHREYS), a British novelist. She was born at Gollanfield, Scotland, edu- cated at Sydney, N. S. W., and was twice married. She went to Australia as a child with her parents, later re- turned to Britain and has traveled much. She commenced to write at a very early age, her works including: "Dame Dur- den," "Darby and Joan," "Corinna," "My Lord Conceit," "Asenath of the Ford," "Two Bad Blue Eyes," "Gretchen," "A Husband of No Importance," "A Gender in Satin," "Sheba," "Joan and Mrs. Carr," "The Ending of My Day," "Faus- tine," "A Woman in It," "Vignettes," "Peg the Rake," "Kitty the Rag," "Good Mrs. Hypocrite," "The Sinner," "An Old Rogue's Tragedy," "A Woman of Sama- ria," "Vanity," "The Sin of Jasper Stan- dish," "Prince Charming," "A Jilt's Journal," "Souls," "The Rubbish Heap," "The Philanthropic Burglar." RITCHIE, ANNE ISABELLA (THACKERAY), LADY, an English au- thor, daughter of William Makepeace Thackeray; born in London in 1838. Among her writings are: "Old Kensing- ton" (1873): "Toilers and Spinsters" (1873) ; "Bluebeard's Keys" (1874) ; "Miss Angel" (1875) ; "Mme. de Sevig- ne" (1881); "Records of Tennyson, Rus- kin, and Browning" (1892) ; "Lord Ten- nyson and His Friends" (1893) ; (with R. Evans) "Lord Amherst and the Brit- ish Advance Eastward to Burma" (1894) ; "Chapters on Unwritten Me- moirs" (1895) ; "Blackstick Papers" (1908); "From the Porch" (1912). She died in 1912. RITSCHL, ALBRECHT, a German theologian; born in Berlin, Germany, March 25, 1822. His university studies were carried on at Bonn, Halle, Heidel- berg, and Tubingen. In 1846 he "habil- itated" at Bonn, the subject of his thesis being the relation between the gospel of Marcion and the canonical gospel of