Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 08.djvu/474

LEFT SHOWERMAN 410 SHREW MOLE with gold (Exod. xxv. 23-29; I Kings vii. 48), and having a blue covering (Num. iv. 7). The shew bread consisted of 12 cakes baked with fine flour, two- tenth deals being in each cake (Lev. xxiv. 5). It was to stand in the Holy Place, and, being sprinkled with frankincense, was there to be eaten each Sabbath by Aaron and his priestly descendants (Lev. xxiv. 9). When the old shew bread was removed, new and hot bread was to take its place (I Sam. xxi. 6). When David was in want of food, he ate the shew bread, though he was not a priest (I Sam. xxi. 3-6), and Jesus approved the deed (Matt. xii. 4; Mark ii. 26; Luke vi. 4). The 12 cakes of shew bread were appar- ently one for each tribe; the deeper spiri- tual significance of the bread has been variously interpreted. SHOWERMAN, GRANT, an Ameri- can university professor, born at Brook- field, Wis., in 1870. He was educated at the University of Wisconsin, from which he received the degrees of A.B., A.M., and Ph.D. From 1898 to 1900 he was a fellow at the Archaeological Institute of America at the American School of Clas- sical Studies, Rome, and in 1900 became professor of classics at the University of Wisconsin. He was a member of va- rious educational and other societies. Be- sides contributing to the leading literary magazines and philological journals, he wrote "With the Professor" (1910) ; "Translation of Ovid's Heroides and Amores" (Loeb Classical Library, 1914) ; "The Indian Stream Republic and Lu- ther Parker" (1915) ; "A Country Chron- icle" (1916) ; and "A Country Child" (1917). SHRADY, HENRY MERWIN, an American sculptor, born in New York City, in 1871. He was educated at Co- lumbia University and studied law, which, however, he never practiced, being en- gaged in business from 1895 to 1900. From then on he devoted himself to sculp- ture. Although being entirely self-taught, he won the competition for the equestrian statue of General George Washington in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1901, and another competition for the Grant Memorial in Washington, D. C, in 1902. He also exe- cuted various other statues, chiefly eques- trian, for Detroit, Charlottesville, Va., and Duluth. In 1909 he became an Asso- ciate of the National Academy, and he was also a member of the National Insti- tute of Arts and Letters, the Architec- tural League, and the National Sculpture Society. SHRAPNEL, HENRY, an English inventor, entered the Royal Artillery in 1779, served with the Duke of York's army in Flanders, and shortly after the siege of Dunkirk invented the case shot known by the name of shrapnel shells, an invention for which he received from government a pension of $6,000 a year in addition to his pay in the army. He retired from active service in 1825, at- tained the rank of Lieutenant-General in 1837, and died in 1842. SHRAPNEL. See PROJECTILE ; Shell: Explosives. SHREVEPORT, a city and parish- seat of Caddo parish, La.; on the Red river, and on the Texas and Pacific, the Houston and Shreveport, the St. Louis Southwestern, and other railroads, 326 miles N. W. of New Orleans. It is one of the most important cities in Louisiana, owing to its location in a great stockrais- ing and cotton growing region. Here are St. John's College, St. Vincent's Convent, St. Mary's Convent, hospitals, sanitori- ums, a high school, United States govern- ment building, United States Marine Hospital, board of trade, cotton exchange, waterworks, street railroad and electric light plants, National and State banks, and several daily and weekly newspapers. Shreveport has a large trade in wool, cotton, livestock, groceries, and hides; cotton gins, cotton-seed oil mills, cotton compresses, manufactories of ice, cotton machinery, etc. Pop. (1910) 28,015; (1920) 43,874. SHREW, in zoology, a popular name for any individual of the Soricidse, par- ticularly the common {Sorex vulgaris) and the lesser shrew (S. pygmssus) . The former is about the size of a mouse, which it somewhat resembles, but has the muzzle produced, with prominent nostrils, far beyond the lip; the eyes are scarcely dis~ cernible through the fur; ears wide and short; the tail is four-sided, with the angles rounded off; fur usually reddish- gray above, grayish beneath, but the color varies. They feed on insects and worms and the smaller mollusca; they are extremely pugnacious, and two males scarcely ever meet without a battle, when the weaker is killed and eaten. They breed in the spring; the female makes a nest of dry herbage in a hole in the ground, and brings forth from five to seven young, but their increase is checked by the weasel and barn owl. SHREW MOLE (Scalops aquaticus), a genus of insectivorous mammals, be- longing to the family of Soricidse or shrew mice, but also by some zoologists placed in the Talpidse or mole family. It ia found in North America, usually near rivers and streams, and burrows after the fashion of the common mole.