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LEFT BANDALL 427 BANDOLPH is not of very high quality, yielding about $10 per ton. There are about 10,000 stamps in the district, which can crush 7,000,000 tons a year. The Boer War passed over Johannesburg without doing any vital damage to the plants. Just before the war it was yielding at the rate of $100,000,000 a year, or one-third of the world's production. The reefs are over a mile deep, and conditions favor deep mining. The deposits are not, as asserted, practically unlimited. South Africa rivals the United States in disrespect for tradition. In fact, its brightest pioneers are Americans, and the leading figure among Johannesburg engineers is Hennan Jennings, a Har- vard graduate. There are many prob- lems ahead of the Rand, the chief being that of power. There are no navigable rivers, and practically no waterfalls. The Kaffir, of whom there are 100,000 in the Rand, is lazy and dissolute, and the Boer War made him worse and scarcer; while the climate makes white menial labor impossible. BANDALL, JAMES BYDER, an American journalist and composer; born in Baltimore, Md., Jan. 1, 1839; was edu- cated at Georgetown College, D. C. He taught for a while in a Louisiana col- lege, and then turned to journalism. Shut out from the army by a delicate constitution, he still gave powerful aid to the Southern cause by his lyrics. These include, besides "Maryland, My Maryland" (1861; called forth by news of the passage of the first Massachusetts troops through the streets of Baltimore) ; "Stonewall Jackson"; "There's Life in the Old Land Yet"; etc. After 1866 he edited a paper in Augusta, Ga. He died Jan. 14, 1908. BANDALL, SAMUEL JACKSON, an American statesman; born in Philadel- phia, Pa., Oct. 10, 1828. In 1862 he was elected to Congress, serving continuously till his death. He was Speaker of the House, 1876-1881. As such he used his influence in guiding the House through the dangerous crisis produced by the un- certainty of the presidential election of 1876. He died in Washington, D. C, April 12, 1890. BANDOLPH, ALFBED MAGILL, an American clergyman; born in Winches- ter, Va., Aug. 31, 1836; was graduated at William and Mary College in 1855 and at the Virgrinia Theological Seminary in 1858; was ordained in the Protestant Episcopal Church; became rector of St. George's Church, Fredericksburg, Va., in 1860, and remained there till the as- sault on the town by the Union troops in 1862. He was a chaplain in the Confed- erate army in 1863-1865, and was rector of Emmanuel Church, Baltimore, Md., in 1867-1883. In 1892 he was elected bishop of the Southern Virginia diocese. Published "Reason, Faith, and Authority in Christianity" (1902). He died in 1918. BANDOLPH, EDMUND JENNINGS, an American statesman; born in Wil- liamsburg, Va., Aug. 10, 1753; studied at William and Mary College, and was admitted to the bar. In 1776 he helped to frame the constitution of Virginia, and became the State's first attorney-general. In 1786-1788 he was governor of Vir- ginia, and in 1787 a member of the con- vention which framed the Constitution of the United States. In 1789, he was appointed by Washington Attorney-Gen- eral of the United States. In 1794 he was made Secretary of State, but after the President's signing of the Jay Treaty (1795) with England he resigned in or- der to be free to vindicate his own con- duct. Meanwhile he was practically ruined by the responsibility which he had incurred, as part of the duties of his office, for certain funds provided for for- eign service; and had to assign his lands and slaves. He died in Clarke co., Va., Sept. 13, 1813. BANDOLPH, JOHN, "of Roanoke," an American statesman; born in Caw- sons, Chesterfield co., Va., June 2, 1773. He claimed descent from Pocahontas, the Indian princess. He was educated for the law, but turned to politics. In 1799 he was elected to Congress, where he became the acknowledged leader of the administration party. His opposition to the War of 1812 caused his defeat in the following election; but he was re-elected to Congress in 1814. From 1825 to 1827 he was a United States Senator. In 1829 he was a member of the convention for revising the constitution of Virginia, and the year following was appointed United States minister to Russia. On his return he was again elected to Con- gress, hut was unable to occupy his seat. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., June 24, 1833. BANDOLPH, THOMAS, an English poet and dramatist; born in Houghton, Northamptonshire, England, in 1605. He was educated at Westminster and Cambridge, and was admitted to a fel- lowship. He early began to write, and gained the friendship of Shirley, and Ben Jonson. He left a number of bright, fanciful, and occasionally too^ glowing poems, and six plavs: "Aristippus, or the Jovial Philosopher"; "The Conceited Peddler"; "The Jealous Lovers"; "The Muses' Looking Glass"; "Amyntas, or the Impossible Dowry"; and "Hey for Honesty." He died in March, 1635.